Paediatrics Flashcards
What is the common pathogen causing pneumonia in infancy?
RSV
What are the common organisms causing pneumonia in childhood?
Strep pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae/H.influenza
What are the four categories of child development?
Vision and fine motor
Gross motor
Speech, hearing and language
Social development
What can be given to aid closure of the ductus arteriousus?
Indomethacin (prostaglandin inhibitor)
What is the definition of precocious puberty?
Puberty occurring before 8 years in girls and 9 years in boys
When is puberty considered delayed?
If first signs have not shown by 13 years in girls and 14 years in boys
What is a red flag in terms of developmental milestones at 6 weeks?
Not smiling
By when should the developmental milestone of smiling be reached?
6 weeks
What is a red flag in terms of developmental milestones at 4 months?
Cannot bring hands together
Head lag still present
What is a red flag in terms of developmental milestones at 6 months?
Cannot roll over
What is a red flag in terms of developmental milestones at 9 months?
Cannot sit unsupported
What is a red flag in terms of developmental milestones at 12 months?
Unable to crawl
What is a red flag in terms of developmental milestones at 18 months?
Not walking
By when should the developmental milestone of bringing hands together and supporting their own head be reached?
4 months
By when should the developmental milestone of rolling over be reached?
6 months
By when should the developmental milestone of sitting unsupported be reached?
9 months
By when should the developmental milestone of crawling be reached?
12 months
By when should the developmental milestone of walking be reached?
18 months
What are the common complications of measles?
Febrile convulsions
Otitis media
Bronchopneumonia
What are the rarer, more serious complications of measles?
Meningitis
Encephalitis
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
What are the possible complications of Rubella?
Thrombocytopenia
Encephalitis
Arthritis
If exposure
What are the possible complications of mumps?
Meningitis Encephalitis Pancreatitis Nephritis Orchitis (older males)
What is the criteria for Kawasaki’s disease? (5/6)
Fever for 5 days Conjunctivitis Cervical lymphadenopathy Polymorphous exanthema Reddening, oedema and desquamation of hands and feet Mucous membranes -Strawberry tongue
What is the common organism causing pneumonia in neonates?
Group B strep