Page 12 - 128 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is Sarf?
Sarf is a branch of Arabic grammar (science/knowledge) dealing with word forms and patterns
Types of nouns
- Masdar - (origin) it’s the occurrence of an action with no tense. Original word اَلنَّصْرُ - to help
- Mushtaq - (derived from a verb) these are words that have come out of the masdar. Eg نَاصِرٌ has come from نَصَرَ
- Jaamid - (solid) no words will be derived from these. Eg رَجُلٌ
Baab Thulaathi Mujarrad (3 lettered verbs) (6)
- نَصَرَ - يَنْصُرُ
- ضَرَبَ - يَضْرِبُ
- فَتَحَ - يَفْتَحُ
- سَمِعَ - يَسْمَعُ
- كَرُمَ - يَكْرُمُ
- حَسِبَ - يَحْسِبُ
Say the 14 seegha (word form) of fi’l maadi ma’roof (known)
فَعَلَ
فَعَلاَ
فَعَلُوا
فَعَلَتْ
فَعَلَتَا
فَعَلْنَ
فَعَلْتَ
فَعَلْتُمَا
فَعَلْتُمْ
فَعَلْتِ
فَعَلْتُمَا
فَعَلْتُنَّ
فَعَلْتُ
فَعَلْنَا
Say the 14 seegha (word form) of fi’l maadi majhool (unknown)
فُعِلَ - It was done
Add مَا for negative (manfi) and say the 14 seegha (word form) of fi’l maadi
مَا فَعَلَ - He didn’t do
Say the 14 seegha (word form) of fi’l mudaari
يَفْعَلُ
يَفْعَلَانِ
يَفْعَلُوْنَ
تَفْعَلُ
تَفْعَلَانِ
يَفْعَلْنَ
تَفْعَلَانِ
تَفْعَلُوْنَ
تَفْعَلِيْنَ
تَفْعَلَانِ
تَفْعَلْنَ
اَفْعَلُ
نَفْعَلُ
Say the negative (manfi) 14 seegha (word form) of fi’l mudaari and negative majhool (unknown)
لَا يَفْعَلُ - He is not/will not do
لَا يُفْعَلُ - It was not done/will not be done
What are the Huroof an Naasibah and the effects?
اَنْ (to)
لَنْ (will never)
كَيْ (because/so that)
اِذَنْ (then)
Comes before Fil Mudaari and gives next word fatha
The ن drops
What are the Huroof an Jaazimah and the effects?
اِنْ (If for condition in Shartiya)
لَمْ (Did not)
لَمَّا (Not yet)
Laam of Amr (should لِ)
Laam of Nahi (should not لاَ)
Comes before Fil Mudaari and gives a sukoon.
The ن drops
The لا and ن for ta’keed (emphasis)
To create emphasis add to Fil Mudaari:
لَ
The نّ thaqeelah
The نْ khafeefah
Add for:
Amr لِ
Nahi لَا
What are the derived nouns?
- Ism Faail (6)
- Ism Mafool (6)
- Ism Tafdeel (8)
- Sifatul Mushabbaha (6)
- Ism Aala (9)
- Ism Zarf (3)
Say the 6 Ism Faail table and what it is
Person doing the action
فَاعِلٌ
فَاعِلَانِ
فَاعِلُوْنَ
فَعِلَةٌ
فَاعِلَتَانِ
فَاعِِلَاتٌ
Say the 6 Ism Mafool Table and what it is
The thing that the action is upon
مَفْعُوْلٌ
مَفْعُوْلَانِ
مَفْعُوْلُوْنَ
مَفْعُوْلَةٌ
مَفْعُوْلَتَانِ
مَفْعُوْلَاتٌ
Say the 8 Ism Tafdeel table and what it is
Noun that indicates comparative and superlative
Pattern of اَفْعَلُ
اَفْعَلُ
اَفْعَلَانِ
اَفْعَلُوْنَ
اَفَاعِلُ
فُعْلَي
فُعْلَيَانِ
فُعْلَيَاتٌ
فُعَلٌ
Say the 6 Sifat Mushabbahah table and what it is
Derived noun referring to its permanent quality of an entity
حَسَنٌ
حَسَنَانِ
حَسَنُوْنَ
حَسَنَةٌ
حَسَنَتَانِ
حَسَنَاتٌ
Say the 9 Ism Aala table and what it is
Derived noun that indicates the instrument used for an action
مِنْصَرٌ
مِنْصَرَانِ
مَنَاصِرُ
مِنْصَرَةٌ
مِنْصَرَتَانِ
مَنَاصِرُ
مِنْصَارٌ
مِنْصَارَانِ
مَنَاصِيْرُ
Say the 3 Ism Zarf table and what it is
Derived noun that indicates time and place
مَفْعَلٌ
مَفْعَلَانِ
مَفَاعِلُ
Seegha Mubalagha (15) pg 87
Noun that indicates excess in meaning of the noun
Know the 6 full tables for the thulathi mujarrad pages 90 to 93
- نَصَرَ - يَنْصُرُ
- ضَرَبَ - يَضْرِبُ
- فَتَحَ - يَفْتَحُ
- سَمِعَ - يَسْمَعُ
- كَرُمَ - يَكْرُمُ
- حَسِبَ - يَحْسِبُ
Baab Thulathi Mazeed Fi (3 lettered verbs plus extra) (12)
Baab Ifaal - اَكْرَمَ - يُكْرِمُ
Baab Tafeel - صَرَّفَ - يُصَرِّفُ
Baab Mufaa’ala - قَاتَلَ - يُقَاتِلُ
Baab Infi’aal - اِنْفَطَرَ - يَنْفَطَرُ
Baab Ifti’aal - اِجْتَنَبَ - يَجْتَنِبُ
Baab Ifilaal - اِحْمَرَّ - يَحْمَرُّ
Baab Tafa’’ul - تَقَبَّلَ - يَتَقَبَّلُ
Baab Tafaaul - تَقَابَلَ - يَتَقَابَلُ
Baab Istifaal - اِسْتَنْصَرَ - يَسْتَنْصِرُ
Baab Ifee’aal - اِخْشَوْشَنَ - يَخْشَوْشِنُ
Baab Ifee’laal - اِدْهَامَّ - يَدْهَامُّ
Baab Ifewwaal - اِجْلَوَّذَ - يَجْلَوَّذُ
