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Fundamentals 2 Exam 4 Flashcards > Pain Mangement Part 2 Flashcards > Flashcards

Pain Mangement Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Acute pain lasts how long?

Chronic pain lasts how long?

A

Less than 6 months

Over 6 months

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2
Q

Acute pain has a-

A

Predictable end

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3
Q

Name some examples of acute pain:

A

Incision Pain, Pain from Heat or Cold

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4
Q

Chronic pain is-

A

Constant, Recurring, & has No Predictable End

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5
Q

Examples of Chronic Pain are:

A

Arthritis, Back Pain, Headaches

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6
Q

Is chronic pain emotionally or physically debilitating?

A

Both

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7
Q

If acute pain is untreated/unaddressed it becomes-

A

Chronic

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8
Q

Pain caused by the damage or inflammation of tissue =

A

Nociceptive Pain

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9
Q

Pain Receptors =

A

Nociceptors

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10
Q

This is whenever noxious stimuli activates Nociceptors =

A

Nociception

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11
Q

Nociceptive pain is usually-

A

Localized and Throbbing or Aching

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12
Q

Nociceptive pain affects -

A

Tissues, Organs, Damaged Body Parts, Referred Pain

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13
Q

Back pain and broken ribs are both examples of-

A

Nociceptive Pain

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14
Q

This kind’ve pain comes from abnormal or damaged pain nerves, with no tissue damage =

A

Neuropathic Pain

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15
Q

This can be referred to as “Nerve Pain” =

A

Neuropathic Pain

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16
Q

Examples of Neuropathic Pain are-

A

Diabetic Neuropathy
Phantom Limb Pain
Pain associated with a Spinal Cord Injury
Sciatic Pain
Trigeminal Neuralgia

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17
Q

Neuropathic Pain can be described as-

A

Shooting or Burning + Accompanied with numbness or intense itching + Pins and needles

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18
Q

Pain after below the knee amputation =

A

Neuropathic Pain (Phantom Pain)

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19
Q

What does “Viscera” mean?

A

It means “Internal Organs”

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20
Q

What are the different types of Nociceptive Pain?

A

Somatic, Visceral, Cutaneous

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21
Q

Somatic pain is pain that involves the-

A

Joints, bones, muscles, or CT

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22
Q

Cutaneous pain may also be referred to as-

A

Somatic

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23
Q

What does Superficial Somatic Pain feel like?

A

Sharp, Burning, Localized

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24
Q

What is affected by superficial somatic pain?

A

Skin, Mucous Membranes, Subcutaneous Tissue

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25
Q

What does Deep Somatic Pain feel like?

A

Aching, Throbbing, Diffuse

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26
Q

What is affected by deep somatic pain?

A

Bones, joints, muscle, skin

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27
Q

What is affected by visceral pain?

A

Internal organs

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28
Q

What does visceral pain feel like?

A

Aching, Throbbing, Diffuse

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29
Q

What drugs do you use to treat Nociceptive Pain?

A

Opioid or Non-Opioid Drugs

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30
Q

Examples of visceral pain include:

A

Appendicitis, Cholecystitis, Cancer in the Internal Organs

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31
Q

What causes Visceral Pain?

A

Pain impulses respond to inflammation, stretching, and ischemia

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32
Q

Non-Opioids are-

Opioids are-

A

Non-Opioids are under the counter

Opioids are prescribed

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33
Q

What does Neuropathic Pain feel like?

A

Numbing, hot, burning, shooting, stabbing, sharp, or electric shock-like

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34
Q

What can cause damage to the Peripheral Nerves?

A

Infection, Illness, Injury

35
Q

What illnesses can cause damage to the Peripheral Nerves?

A

Diabetic Neuropathy, Fibromyalgia, Multiple Sclerosis

36
Q

What phantom pain cause damage to the Peripheral Nerves?

A

Phantom Limb, Spinal Cord

37
Q

A Pharmacological treatment of a patient’s Neuropathic pain can include meds like-

A

Tricyclic Antidepressants (Amitriptyline) + Anti-seizure Meds (Pregabalin) + Transdermal Lidocaine (Topical Anesthetic)

38
Q

Using CBT + Non-Irritation of Peripheral Endings to solve a pt’s Neuropathic Pain is an example of-

A

The Multi-Prong Approach

39
Q

What causes Neuropathic Pain?

A

Damage to the Peripheral Nerves

40
Q

The meds that you’d give for Neuropathic Pain are classified as-

A

Non-Opioid

41
Q

The treatments of neuropathic pain are a-

A

Multi-Prong Approach (Using two separate methods of treatment to get the same goal)

42
Q

Why use the Multi-Prong Approach to treat Neuropathic Pain?

A

Opioid Analgesics on their own aren’t enough to treat Neuropathic Pain

43
Q

What kind’s of pain can be caused by Cancer?

A

Tumor Pain, Bone Pain, Treatment Associated Pain, Radiation-Induced Pain, Neuropathies related to Chemotherapy

44
Q

Is cancer pain unique to cancer?

A

Yes

45
Q

Children are at a high risk of what whenever it comes to pain?

A

Ignored Pain, pain may not be properly assessed

46
Q

Children display what differently from adults?

A

Pain

47
Q

What do you assess about a child whenever it comes to pain?

A

Assess Behavior.

Assess Physiological Symptoms (BP, Pulse).

Listen to parent/guardian reports.

48
Q

What pain scales do you used for children?

A

Wong Baker FACES Scale
FLACC Scale
CRIES Scale

49
Q

This scale is used for kids between 2 months old and 7 years old =

A

FLACC Scale

50
Q

This scale is used for infants =

A

CRIES Scale

51
Q

This scale is used for kids 3 and up and is not specifically limited to children =

A

Wong Baker FACES Scale

52
Q

What are some examples of Subjective indicators of pain?

A

Pain scale scores

Descriptions of quality and quantity of pain

53
Q

What are some examples of Objective indicators of pain?

A

Things observed by the nurse (grimacing, guarding, crying)

54
Q

What does the mnemonic called OLD CARTES stand for?

A

Onset
Location
Duration
Characteristics
Associated Symptoms / Aggravating Factors
Relieving Factors / Radiating
Timing / Treatment
Effect
Severity (Intensity)

55
Q

What does the mnemonic COLDSPA stand for?

A

Character
Onset
Location
Duration
Severity
Pattern
Associated Factors

56
Q

What kind’ve questions would you ask to figure out the Onset of pain?

A

When did your pain start?

What’s causing your pain?

57
Q

What kind’ve questions would you ask to figure out the Duration of pain?

A

How long does it last? Acute or Chronic? Around The Clock (ATC)? Intermittent?

58
Q

What kind’ve questions would you ask regarding any Breakthrough Pain?

A

How often? How long?

Supplemental dose of pain med effective?

Pain regimen need to be modified?

59
Q

What is Breakthrough Pain?

A

A sudden increase in pain when dealing with a chronic condition

60
Q

What is Radiating Pain?

A

Pain that extends or spreads from one place to another

61
Q

A kid gets a sore throat, but the pain spreads to their ears. What is this an example of?

A

Radiating Pain

62
Q

What is Referred Pain?

A

Pain that is isolated from what is causing it in the first place

63
Q

Visceral pain is often-

A

Referred Pain

64
Q

One of your organs are messed up but you feel a lot of shoulder pain. This is an example of-

A

Referred Pain

65
Q

With Referred Pain, you may not-

A

Know the source of the pain

66
Q

If the origin of pain is the heart, then it could be referred to-

A

The left shoulder

Arm

Jaw

67
Q

If the origin of pain is the esophagus, lungs, diaphragm, gallbladder, or pancreas, then it could be referred to-

A

The neck, shoulder, mid-back

68
Q

If the origin of pain is the bladder, urethra, or ureters, then it could be referred to-

A

Perineum or Penis

69
Q

What are the heart attack signs in women?

A

Pressure, squeezing, fullness or pain in the center of chest. It lasts more than a few minutes or goes away and comes back

SOB with or without chest discomfort

Break out in a cold sweat

Nausea or lightheadedness

Pain or discomfort in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach

70
Q

Like men, women’s most common heart attack symptom is-

However, women are more likely to have other symptoms, such as:

A

Chest Pain or Discomfort.

Other symptoms like SOB, Nausea & Vomiting, Back or Jaw Pain.

71
Q

If you show manifestations of myocardial infarction, how long should you wait before calling for help?

A

No more than 5 minutes

72
Q

What scale uses pictures and rates the pain on a scale of 0 to 5?

A

Wong-Baker FACES Scale

73
Q

What scale measures pain on a scale of 0 to 10 and uses a combination of Adjectives and Numbers?

A

The Numerical Scale

74
Q

What is considered to be mild pain on the numerical rating scale?

A

1-3

75
Q

What is considered to be moderate pain on the numerical rating scale?

A

4-6

76
Q

What is considered to be severe pain on the numerical rating scale?

A

7+

77
Q

This scale is very useful for cognitive barriers, mental barriers, or language barriers =

A

The Wong-Baker FACES Scale

78
Q

The FLACC Scale scores the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability as-

A

0, 1, or 2 (The higher the number, the worse the pain)

79
Q

Anxiety, Fatigue, and Lack of Sleep are all-

A

Associated symptoms of pain

80
Q

It is important to assess the impact of pain on-

A

Daily Life + the Beliefs, Meaning, and Expectations on Pain

81
Q

When should you assess pain?

A

Prior to giving meds, then in 30 mins to an hour you should reassess

82
Q

This is useful for chronic pain management and helps identify onset, duration, and any relieving factors =

A

Pain Diary

83
Q

A nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patient will the nurse see first to best manage patient needs?

A.) A patient writhing and moaning from abdominal pain after abdominal surgery.

B.) A patient lying very still in bed who reports no pain but is pale with warm, dry skin.

C.) A patient with severe pain who is nauseated and feels like he or she is about to vomit.

D.) A patient who received morphine and has a pulse of 62 beats/min, respirations 10 breaths/min, and blood pressure 110/60 mm Hg.

A

D, Morphine depresses respirations

84
Q

Pain can be the Etiology to other problems such as-

A

Activity Intolerance
Anxiety / Hopelessness
Ineffective Coping / Ineffective Role Performance

Fundamentals 2 Exam 4 Flashcards (13 decks)

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