Paleozoic Life History - Plant Evolution

Question 1

First appearance and diversification of Plants

Answer 1

Ordovician

Question 2

A group of land plants that have a tissue system of specialized cells for movement of water and nutrients

Answer 2

Vascular plants

Question 3

A group of Land plants that do not have specialized cells and are typically small and usually live in low, moist areas.

Answer 3

Nonvascular plants

Question 4

What were the earliest land plants?

Answer 4

Small and Bryophyte-like

Question 5

What is the ancestor of terrestrial vascular plants?

Answer 5

Type of Green Alga

Question 6

The ________ evolved in response to the need to collect water and nutrients from the soil and to help anchor the plant in the ground.

Answer 6

Roots

Question 7

The evolution of _________ from tiny outgrowths on the stem or branch systems provided plants with an efficient light-gathering system for photsynthesis

Answer 7

Leaves

Question 8

The earliest known vascular land plants that had small Y-shaped stems

Answer 8

Cooksonia

Question 9

Known as seedless vascular plants and had no true root system

Answer 9

Cooksonia

Question 10

What did Cooksonia have as an alternative for roots?

Answer 10

Rhizome

Question 11

The 5th largest mass extinction where cooksonia, tribulate corals, stromatoporoids, placoderms, and ostracoderms went extinct

Answer 11

Frasnian-Farmennian or Late Devonian Extinction

Question 12

How manu percent of all living species went extinct during the Late Devonian extinction?

Answer 12

80%

Question 13

Also known as the “Age of Plants”

Answer 13

Carboniferous

Question 14

What is the period where the major source of the world’s coal come from?

Answer 14

Pennsylvanian Period

Question 15

Chiefly small plants that were the dominant element of coal swamps during the Pennsylvanian

Answer 15

Lycopsids

Question 16

The other important coal-forming plant group that are characterized by being jointed and having horizontal underground stem-bearing roots.

Answer 16

Sphenopsids

Question 17

The Largest Mass Extinction, where trilobites, eureptyrids, acanthodians, and blastoids went extinct

Answer 17

Permian-Triassic Extinction

Question 18

The Permian-Triassic Extinction is also known as?

Answer 18

The “Great Dying”

Question 19

Percentage of species that went extinct during the Permian-Triassic Extinction

Answer 19

95% of Marine Species and 70% of Terrestrial Species

Question 20

Causes of the Permian-Triassic
extinction

Answer 20

1. Bolide impact events
2. Increased Volcanism
3. Sudden release of methane from the seafloor
4. Sea level change
5. Increase anoxia
6. Increasing aridity