Paley Teleological argument Flashcards
(20 cards)
What does Aquinas conclude about processes in nature?
Processes in nature cannot happen by chance; they are directed by a thinking, intelligent being, which Aquinas suggests is God.
Who proposed the design arguments discussed in the text?
William Paley (1743-1805)
What are the two types of design arguments according to Paley?
- Design qua purpose
- Design qua regularity
What is ‘Design qua purpose’?
Design qua purpose refers to the concept that things in the world have a purpose, indicating design.
What is ‘Design qua regularity’?
Design qua regularity refers to the order and predictable patterns in nature, suggesting design.
What analogy does Paley use to illustrate design qua purpose?
The Analogy of the Watch
Why does the watch indicate design according to Paley?
Because it has a purpose and was made by a watchmaker.
How does Paley relate design/purpose to things in the world?
Things in the world, like the watch, are suggested to have been designed to fulfill a specific purpose.
What examples does Paley use to illustrate design qua purpose?
- The eye
- A bird’s wing
- The lacteal system in mammals
What is an example of design qua regularity according to Paley?
The laws of gravity
Why does Paley consider the rotation of the planets an example of design qua regularity?
Because it demonstrates order and regularity in the universe.
What potential criticism does Paley consider regarding his design argument?
Paley acknowledges potential criticisms but does not specify them in the text.
How does Paley respond to criticisms of his design argument?
Specific responses to criticisms are not detailed in the text.
Is Paley successful in defending his argument according to the text?
The text asks for personal opinion on Paley’s success.
What is the Anthropic Principle?
F.R. Tennant’s attempt to combine the theory of evolution with the design argument, suggesting intelligent design.
What does the Aesthetic Principle refer to in the context of design arguments?
Beauty in nature suggesting intelligent design.
Fill in the blank: Paley’s Designer of things in the world is _______.
God
What should be explained in 100 words regarding Paley’s argument?
Paley’s argument for design and purpose.
What should be explained in 100 words regarding Aquinas’ argument?
Aquinas’ argument for the existence of God.
True or False: Paley believes that natural selection is a sufficient explanation for the complexity in nature.
False
