pan anatomy and abnormalities (look at handout for abnormalities)

Question 1

Air Spaces in Pan

Answer 1

3
Nasopharyngeal
glossopharyngeal
palatoglossal

Question 2

What does it mean if the Palatoglossal air space is in the pan

Answer 2

Pt tongue not against roof of mouth

Question 3

What structures are easily visualized in the airspaces

Answer 3

• Turbinates
• Adenoid pad
• Uvula
• Root of the tongue
• Lingual tonsil
• Hyoid bone
• Epiglottis
• Cervical spine

Question 4

What structures are not easily visualized in the air spaces

Answer 4

• Palatine tonsils
• Posterior nasal septum
• Choana
• Eustachian tube orifices
• Lateral pharyngeal
recesses

Question 5

Location and Rad appearance of the Nasopharyngeal air space

Answer 5

• Portion of the pharynx located posterior to the nasal cavity
• RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE: diagonal RL band located
superior to the RO shadow of the soft palate and uvula

Question 6

Location and appearance of the Palatoglossal air space

Answer 6

• Air space between the palate and tongue

* RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE: horizontal RL band superimposed over the apices of the maxillary teeth

Question 7

Location and Rad Appearance of Glossopharyngeal Air Space

Answer 7

• Portion of the pharynx located posterior to the tongue
and oral cavity
• RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE: vertical RL band superimposed over the ramus of the mandible

Question 8

What do the airspaces mimic if superimposed on teeth

Answer 8

Coronal Radiolucencies

Question 9

What structures are located in the Midfacial Region

Answer 9

• Adenoid pad
• Pterygomaxillary fissure
• Maxillary tuberosity and maxilla
• Maxillary sinus/antrum
• Lower border of the orbit
• Zygomatic process of the maxilla
• Zygoma
• Nasal septum
• Inferior turbinates
• Middle and inferior meati
• Hard palate
• Anterior nasal spine

Question 10

Adenoid Pad

Answer 10

• Located in the MidFacial Region

- Nasopharyngeal airspace

Question 11

Pterygomaxillary Fissure

Answer 11

Located in MidFacial Region

Inverted RL teardrop with sclerotic borders

Question 12

Maxillary Tuberosity

Answer 12

Located in the Midfacial Region

RO bulge distal to Max 3rd Molar

Question 13

Max Sinus/Antrums

Answer 13

Located in the Midfacial Region
Paired and usually symmetrical
Sinus Floor dense cortical bone appears as RO line

Question 14

Lower Border of the ORbit

Answer 14

Located in the Midfacial Region

Rounded RL compartment with RO borders located superior to the Max Sinus

Question 15

Zygomatic Process of the Max

Answer 15

Located in the Midfacial Region

J or U shape RO usually located superior to the Max 1/2nd molar

Question 16

Lower Border of the Zyoma

Answer 16

Located in the Midfacial Region

RO band that extends posteriorly from the zygomatic process of the Max

Question 17

Nasal Septum and fossae

Answer 17

Located in the Midfacial Region
Vertical RO partition that divides the nasal cavity
Fossae are cavities that contain air and turbinate bone

Question 18

Inferior Turbinates

Answer 18

Located in the Midfacial Region

RO smear across the panoramic image towards the man notch

Question 19

Middle and inferior meati

Answer 19

Located in the Midfacial Region
Inf meat are inferior to the inf turbinates
Middle meat are inf to middle turbinates

Question 20

Hard Palate

Answer 20

Located in the Midfacial Region

Horiz RO band superior to the apices of the Max teeth

Question 21

Ant Nasal Spine

Answer 21

Located in the Midfacial Region

Sharp bony projection of the Max located in the Ant-Inf portion of the nasal cavity

Question 22

Structures in the Man region

Answer 22

• Glenoid fossa and articular eminence
• Head of the condyle
• Mandibular notch and coronoid process
• Lingula and mandibular foramen
• Mandibular canal and mental foramen
• Inferior border
• Angle of the mandible
• Internal oblique ridge (mylohyoid ridge)
• External oblique ridge
• Styloid process
• Ear lobes (mimic pathology)

Question 23

Glenoid Fossa and Art eminence

Answer 23

Structure in the Man Region
Concave RO superior to the Man condyle
RO projection of bone ant to the glenoid fossa

Question 24

Head of condyle

Answer 24

Structure in the Man Region

Bony rounded RO projection

Question 25

Man Notch and Coronoid process

Answer 25

Structure in the Man Region RO concavity distal to the process Triangular RO post to the Max tuberosity

Question 26

Lingual and Man foramen

Answer 26

Structure in the Man Region Indistinct RO ant to the Man foramen Ovoid RL within the Ramus

Question 27

Man canal and Mental Foramen

Answer 27

Structure in the Man Region Tube like pasagewaythrough bone opening in bone located on the buccal surface

Question 28

Inf border of the mandible

Answer 28

Structure in the Man Region | Smooth dense RO band that outlines the lower border of the mandible

Question 29

Angle of the mandible

Answer 29

Structure in the Man Region | RO structure that joins the rams to the man body

Question 30

Int oblique ridge

Answer 30

Structure in the Man Region | This ROband in the area of the rams usually below the apices of the man teeth

Question 31

Ext oblique ridge

Answer 31

Structure in the Man Region | RO band of varied width

Question 32

Styloid process

Answer 32

Structure in the Man Region | RO spine that extends from the temporal bone ant to the mastoid process

Question 33

Ear lobes

Answer 33

Structure in the Man Region | soft tissue structure that mimic pathology

Question 34

Teeth and Roots

Answer 34

* Count the teeth * Look at the size and shape of the teeth * Evaluate the anatomy and size of roots * Look at the size and presence of the pulp * Evaluate the bone pattern around the roots

Question 35

White and Pharoah’s | 5 steps to Interpretation

Answer 35

• Localize the abnormality • Assess the periphery and shape • Analyze the internal structure • Analyze the effects of the lesion on surrounding structures • Formulate a radiographic interpretation