PANCE

Question 1

MC etiology of endocarditis

Answer 1

Strep virridens (mitral valve) and staph aureus (tricuspid valve - IV drug users)

Question 2

Murmurs decreased with squatting

Answer 2

Tetralogy of fallot, HOCM, Mitral valve prolapse

Question 3

When is a postaglandin (PGE1) infusion necessary in infants?

Answer 3

When the patient has a ductal-dependent cardiac lesion that depends on a patent ductus arteriosus for optimal blood flow (like tetralogy of fallot, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, transposition of the great vessels, tricuspid atresia, etc.)

Question 4

MAP calculation

Answer 4

MAP = DBP + (1/3)(SBP-DBP)
or
MAP = (CO x SVR) + (CVP)

Question 5

Most common pathogen for onychomycosis

Answer 5

Trichophyton rubrum

Question 6

First line onychomycosis

Answer 6

Terbinafine, itraconazole is alternative

Question 7

MCP of tinea versicolor

Answer 7

Melassezia furfur

Question 8

MCP of fingernail onychomycosis

Answer 8

candida

Question 9

MCP in retropharyngeal abscesses

Answer 9

staph aureus, GAS

Question 10

Complication of kawasakis disease

Answer 10

coronary artery aneurysm

Question 11

5 symptoms/signs of kawasakis disease

Answer 11

fever of at least 5 days with 4 of the following: polymorphous rash, erythema of the lips and oral mucosa, conjunctivitis, cervical lymphadenopathy, edema and erythema of the extremities

Question 12

Most common EKG finding in lyme carditis

Answer 12

an AV block

Question 13

Which hematologic disorder has a JAK2 mutation?

Answer 13

Polycythemia vera

Question 14

Which heme condition has ADAMST13

Answer 14

TTP

Question 15

Where will nystagmus beat towards in peripheral vs. central causes of vertigo?

Answer 15

Peripheral: towards the unaffected side
Central: towards the affected side

Question 16

MCP of erysipelas

Answer 16

strep pyogenes

Question 17

MCP of opthalmia neonatorum

Answer 17

neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 18

What is the only disorder that will increase the MCHC?

Answer 18

Spherocytosis

Question 19

Peripheral smear cells seen with hereditary spherocytosis

Answer 19

howell-jolly bodies

Question 20

Egg on a string finding seen with

Answer 20

transposition of the great arteries

Question 21

Murmur associated with rheumatic heart disease

Answer 21

mitral stenosis

Question 22

MCP in epiglottitis

Answer 22

H. influenzae (decreased with HIB vaccine), Strep and staph secondary

Question 23

PE finding that differentiates constrictive pericarditis from restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 23

S3 gallup or pericardial knock

Question 24

MCP in fifths disease

Answer 24

parvovirus B19

Question 25

Another name for measles

Answer 25

Rubeola

Question 26

MCP of roseola

Answer 26

HHV 6 and 7

Question 27

Are oral lesions present with bullous pemphigoid

Answer 27

No

Question 28

What differentiates nummular eczema from psoriasis

Answer 28

Nummular has disc shaped lesions and are not sharply demarcated plaques as in psoriasis

Question 29

MCP in bacterial strep pharyngitis

Answer 29

GAS

Question 30

Most common cyanotic congenital heart defect

Answer 30

Tetralogy of fallot

Question 31

What are combined alpha and beta blockers commonly used in aortic dissection?

Answer 31

esmolol and labetalol

Question 32

Common arrythmia that can occur from taking antipsychotic agents

Answer 32

prolonged QT leading to torsades de pointes

Question 33

pathogen noted to cause lichen planus

Answer 33

hepatitis c

Question 34

Most common primary cardiac tumor

Answer 34

Atrial myxoma

Question 35

MCP of conjunctivitis

Answer 35

Staph aureus Strep pneumoniae haemophilus influenzae pseudomonas if contact wearing

Question 36

Tram track markings on an xray suggest

Answer 36

bronchiectasis

Question 37

Murmur best heard over left sternal boarder at the fourth intercostal space with the BELL

Answer 37

Tricuspid stenosis

Question 38

This virus can cause aplastic crisis in people with sickle cell disease

Answer 38

parvovirus

Question 39

MCP of parotitis

Answer 39

staph aureus (sometimes mumps if immunocompromised)

Question 40

Most common valvular disease

Answer 40

Aortic Stenosis

Question 41

Most common heart defect

Answer 41

VSD

Question 42

MCC of mitral regurgitation in the US

Answer 42

Mitral valve prolapse

Question 43

MCP in guillain barre syndrome

Answer 43

campylobacter jejuni

Question 44

MCP in adult bacterial meningitis

Answer 44

s. pneumoniae, then n. menigitis

Question 45

Calcium typically has an inverse relationship to ___

Answer 45

phosphate

Question 46

What kind of acid/base imbalance will people with obesity hypoventalation system have?

Answer 46

Respiratory acidosis at baseline likely compensated by increasing bicarbonate

Question 47

What other ailments is fibromyalgia associated with?

Answer 47

Irritable bowel syndrome, anxiety, depression

Question 48

What cardiac symptoms are associated with polycystic kidney disease?

Answer 48

mitral valve prolapse and left ventricular hypertrophy

Question 49

Pressure of a tumor on the optic nerve causes what optic anomoly?

Answer 49

Bitemporal hemianopsia (loss of peripheral vision)

Question 50

This diuretic can cause hypercalcemia

Answer 50

Hydrochlorothiazide

Question 51

The bacteria most commonly associated with lung cavitations are

Answer 51

Anaerobes, aerobic gram negative bacilli, and staph aureus

Question 52

After a recent influenza infections patients may develop this pneumonia

Answer 52

Staph aureus

Question 53

What lung pattern (restrictive or obstructive) does cystic fibrosis typically follow?

Answer 53

obstructive pattern with FEV1 and FEV1/FVC decreasing over time

Question 54

First line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia

Answer 54

carbamazepine