PANCE Pulmonary 6/13/20 Flashcards
(124 cards)
1
Q
what are the three components of samters triad 3
A
- asthma
- nasal polyp
- asa allergy
2
Q
what are the three components of asthma 3
A
- airway hyper reacticity
- bronchosonstriction
- inflammation
3
Q
what is the classic traid of asthma 3
A
- dyspnea
- wheezing
- cough
4
Q
what does the physical examination of the lung display 3
A
- prolonged expiration
- wheezing
- hyperresonance
5
Q
what is the gold standard for the Dx of asthma
A
PFT
6
Q
what is the best way to determine the severity of an asthma exacerbation peak expiatory flow rate
A
peak expiatory flow rate
7
Q
what are the three asthma admission criteria 3
A
- PEFR > 50%
- ER visit within the last 3 days
- post treatment failure
8
Q
what is the frequency of nighttime awakenings on the chart Per ?
A
per month
9
Q
what is the FEV-1 for severe asthma
A
< 60%
10
Q
what is the FEV-1 for moderate asthma
A
60-80%
11
Q
what is the #1 RF for COPD
A
smoking
12
Q
if someone < 40 years old has COPD what might you think about
A
alpha one antitripsan
13
Q
pick puffer is associated with what pathology
A
emphasema
14
Q
what is the most importnat factor is the prognosis of COPD
A
- FEV1
15
Q
what cardiac electrical abnormality is associated with COPD
A
Multi focal atrial tachycardia
16
Q
what cardiac (non electrical) pathology is COPY associated with
A
R sided HF
17
Q
what is the most importent step in managing COPD
A
smoking cessation
18
Q
what are the best 2 meds to manage COPD
A
- ipratriprium (atrovent)
- albuterol (proventil)
19
Q
what two COPD groups get O 2
A
- O2 < 88%
2. cor pulmonalale
20
Q
what pathology:
“ irreversible bronchial dialtaion 2nd dary to trans mural inflammation”
A
bronchietacsis
21
Q
what are the MC causes of infections with CF
A
psudomonas
22
Q
daily thick cough in a younger person what are you thinking
A
CF
23
Q
what is the MC cause of massive hemoptyosis
A
bronchietacasis
24
Q
what is the best study for dx of bronchietacasis
A
high resolution CT
25
what is the tx for mac (1+1)
clarithromycin + ethambutol
26
what is your got to abx for psudomonas
cipro
27
what are the three areas effected by CF
GI
pulmonary
infertility
28
granuloma formation in the lungs
sarcoidosis
29
what is an odd pathology that may happen with sarcoidosis
blindless
30
what skin condition can happen with sarcoidisis
erythema nodosum
31
what is pathopneumonic for sarcoid
Pupus perino
32
what type of disease is sarcoidosis
restrictive
33
what lab value will be elevated with sarcoid
ace
34
"exaggerated T cell response with granuloma formation"
sarcoid
35
what are the 3 tx options for sarcoid
observation
oral steroids
hydroxychloraqiun
36
what 4 pathologies are associated with erythema nodosum
- TB
- Cocci
- Sarcoidosis
- IBS
37
how do you tx IPF
lung transplant
38
what environmental lung disease is associated with
| mining and quary work
slicosis
39
what environmental lung disease is associated with
| egg shell calfifications in the upper portion of the lungs
silicosis
40
what environmental lung disease is associated with
- electronics
- arospace
- light bulbs
berylliosis
41
what environmental lung disease is associated with
| - cotton exposures
byssinosis
42
what area of the lung does asbestosis affect
lower lobe
43
what area of the lung does the lung plura affect
lung lining
44
what enviormental lung disease is known as the "monday fever"
byssinosis
45
hypersensitivity pneumonitis from nitrogen dioxide gas exposure from plant matter
silo filler disease
46
what is unique about tietze syndrome
tietze syndrome has swelling
47
what pleural effusion type is infectious
excutative
48
what is the MC cause of transudadtive plural effusion
CHF
49
what are the three components of lights criteria 3
> LDH >.6
> LDH 2/3
> protein ,5
50
how to treat plural effusion 2
- thoracocentesis
| - chest tube
51
what is the best position for a CXR
lateral decubitius
52
for a tension pneumonia what direction are the vesicles pulled
to the opposite side
53
what are the thee treatments for a penumothroax
- observation
- chest tube
- needle aspiration (2ns ICS MCL)
54
how do you dx a pulmonary nodule
transthoracic needle aspiration
| bronchoscopy
55
```
what type of tumors may secrete
serotonin
ACTH
ADH
melanocyte
```
bronchial carcinoid tumor
56
"pink purple well vascularized central tumor"
bronchial carcinoid tumor
57
bronchial carcinoid tumor tx 2
octreotide
| resection
58
what are the two types of bronchiogenic carcinoma
- non small cell
| - small cell (oat)
59
what are the 3 types of non small cell bronchiogenic carcinoma
- adenocarcinoma (peripherial)
- squamous (central)
- large cell (anaplastic)
60
what are the tx for the two types of bronchogenic carcinoma
- non small cell
surgical resection
- small cell (oat)
chemo, radiation
61
what is the triad for a PE
- dyspnea
- plutitic chest pain
- hemoptyosis
62
what are the 2 bests tests for PE
- helical CT
| - pulmonary angiography
63
"a normal CXR in the setting of hypoxia is highly suspicious of ?"
PE
64
management of stable PE
- anticoag
| - IVC filter
65
managemnet of unstable PE
- thrombolytic tx
| - embolectomy tx
66
what are the 2 classic (not common) CXR findings for a PE
- watermark sign
| - hamptoms hump
67
what are the 4 types of pulmonary HTN
1. idiopathic
2. due to left heart disease
3. due to COPD
4. due to PE
68
what do you see on a CBC for pulm HTN 1
polycytemia with increased hematocrit
69
what do you see on an EKG for pulm HTN 1
right axis deviation
70
how do you dx pulm htn definitive 1
right heart cath
71
how do you tx pulm HTN 1
CCB
72
how do you tx mycoplasm pna on a gram stain
lacks cell wall
73
what is the MC cause or cap
strep penumo
74
what is the MC cause of viral pna in kids
- RSV
| - parainfluenza
75
what pna is associated with HIV
PJP
76
MC cause of viral PNA in adults
influenza
77
what is gram (-) rods cause of of pna
psudomonas
78
what lobe for aspiration pna
right lower
79
what is the only pathology that has increased tacitile fermitis
PNA
80
what lobe for klebsiella
right upper
81
CAP tx 2
azithro OR doxcy
82
HAP tx 2
Zosyzn + Levofloxacin
83
when does someone get PPSV 23
> 65 years old
84
do you need PCV 13
no
85
"caseating granuloma"
TB
86
are people with latent TB contagious
no
87
how long after a TB infection is someones PPD +
2-4 weeks
88
are people with reactivated TB contagious
yes
89
what is the gold standard to dx TB
acid fast bacillious
90
how do you TX TB
Rifampin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinimide
Ethambutol
91
what is the SE of rifampin 2
thrombocytopenia
| orange sweat
92
what is the SE of isoniazid 2
hepatitis
peripheral nephropathy
(Give B6)
93
what is a SE of ethambutol
optic neuritis
94
"diffuse millet seeds"
milliary TB
95
what lobes for primary TB
lower
96
acute inflammation of trachea and bronchi
acute bronchitis
97
what is the MC cause of acute bronchitis
adenovirus
98
acute bronchitis
supportive
99
how do you tx pertussis
macrolides (erythromyocyin)
100
what phase of pertussis has a cough
paroxysmal
101
" post coughing emesis"
wooping cough (pertissis)
102
what is the CBC for pertussis
- lymphocytosis
103
how do you dx pertussis
- PCR via nasal pharangeal swab
104
what is the main pathogen for bronchiolitis
RSV
105
what causes acute epiglottis
HIB
106
"thumb sign"
acute epiglottis
107
what are the 3 D's
drooling
dysphagia
distress
108
what are the two tx's for epiglottitis
support the airway
| ceftriaxone
109
what pathology do you not want to use a tongue depressor with
epiglottitis
110
"barking cough" Seal like
croup
111
laryngotracheitis
croup
112
what two pediatric respiratory pathologies is stridor associated with
- croup
| - epiglottitis
113
- croup tx
dexamethasone
114
what influenza is more severe
A
115
abrupt onset of myalgia what are you thinking
influenza
116
what is the medication oseltamir used for
flu
117
who should not get the intranasal flu vaccination 2
> 50
| prego
118
how do you dx forign body aspiration
bronchoscopy
119
what is the MC cause of ARDS
sepsis
120
hypoexia with 100% o2
ARDS
121
on a chest X ray with ARDS what will you see
- white out pattern that will spare the costophenic angles
122
how do you tx ARDS
PEEP
123
what is a polysomnography
sleep study
124
How to you tx OSA
CPAP
