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ENDOCRINOLOGIA > Páncreas - Insulina > Flashcards

Páncreas - Insulina Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

La secrecion de insulina se asocia

A

Abundancia de energética - glucosa

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2
Q

Exceso de alimentos energéticos

A

Hidratos de carbono - eleva insulina

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3
Q

Fx de insulina

A

Almacenamiento de energia

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4
Q

Almacenamiento de hidratos de carbono

A

Glucogeno en higado y musculo

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5
Q

Exceso de glucosa - hidratos de carbono se almacena?

A

Grasa y se convierte en tej adiposo

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6
Q

Otra Fx Insulina

A

Inhibe degradación de proteinas intracelulares

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7
Q

Quimica y Sintesis de insulina

A

Insulina prot pequeña 5.808
2 cadenas a y b unidos x enlace disulfuro
En el RE se traduce el Arn de la insulina formando preproinsulina

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8
Q

Preproinsulina peso molecular

A

11 500

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9
Q

Que pasa en el RE con la preproinsulina?

A

Se desdobla y forma proinsulina 9000

3 cadenas A B C

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10
Q

Que pasa en el AG con la.proinsulina?

A

Se escinde y forma la INSULINA de A B

y cadena C

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11
Q

Que es cadena C ?

A

Peptidos de conexión de peptidos C

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12
Q

Que se secreta en los granulos del AG?

A

Insulina y peptido C

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13
Q

Porcentaje de secrecuon de proinsulina?

A

5 a 10%

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14
Q

Carecen de actividad insulinica

A

Proinsulina y peptido C

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15
Q

Accion del peptido C

A

Activacion de 2 siste enzimaticos:

  • Na/K ATPasa
  • Oxido nitrico Sintasa endotelial
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16
Q

Naturaleza de la Insulina

A

Hidrosoluble - circula no ligada

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17
Q

Semi vida Insulina

A

2 - 4min

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18
Q

Desaprece de la circulación

A

10 a 15 min

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19
Q

Insulina y met de proteinas y crecimiento

A

Facilita sintesis y deposito de proteinas

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20
Q

Fx de insulina aqui

A

Estimula transporte aa al interior de la cel

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21
Q

Que aa?

A 
Valina 
Leucina 
Isoleucina
Tirosina
Fenilalanina
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22
Q

Semejanza Insulina - GH

A

Incrementa la entrada de aa en la cel

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23
Q

Insulina aumenta traduccion …..

Study These Flashcards
A

ARNm - sintesis nuevas proteinas

24
Q

Insulina en el higado

Study These Flashcards
A

Suprime la gluconeogenesis

25
Facilita sinstesis de proteinas e inhibe su degradación
Insulina
26
Sustratos usados para la gluneogenesis
Aa del plasma
27
Trasportador de glucosa al interior
GLUT 2
28
Fosforila la glucosa y la convierte...
Glucocinasa - glucosa 6 fosdato
29
Que genera la oxidación de la G6P
ATP
30
Fx del ATP
Cierra los canales de K | No salen al exterior
31
ATP + CANAL DE K
Cerrado
32
Fx del K
Potencial de membrana en reposo
33
Cierre de canal de k que pasa?
Despolariza la menbrana | Abre canal de CALCIO
34
Fx del calcio intracelular
Secrecion de vesiculas con INSULINA al LEC | exocitosis
35
Inhiben la exocitosis de insulina
Somatostatina | Noradrenalina
36
Farmacos que estimulan la secrecion de insulina
Fam SULFONILUREA
37
Que hace la sulfonilurea ?
Estimula exocitosis de insulina | Bloquean a los canales de K sensibles a ATP
38
En que pacientes se usa?
DM II
39
Aumenta la secrecion de insulina
Elevacion de la glucemia y acidos grasos libres en plasma Aumento de aa en sangre
40
Que mas? | Hormonas ?
``` Las gastrointestinales: Gastrina Cck Secretina PIG ```
41
Otras Hormonas endocrinas?
Glucagón Gh Cortisol
42
Estimulacion nerviosa ?
Ach PARASIMPATICA
43
Sulfonilureas?
Gliburida | Tolbutamida
44
Que estinulacion receptor ?
B adrenergico
45
Que patologia ?
Obesidad - resistencia a la insulina
46
Qué disminuye la secreción de insulina ?
``` Baja glucemia Ayuno Somatostatina Actividad a adrenergica Leptina ```
47
Disminucion de la glucemia ?
Secrecion de glucagon
48
Fx glucagon
Elevacion glucosa en sangre
49
Hormona HIPERGLUCEMIANTE
GLUCAGON
50
Quimica del glucagon
Cadena 29 aa | Peso mool 3.485
51
Degrada el glucogeno hepatico a glucosa
Fosforilasa hepatica
52
Fx glucagon
Glugenolisis hepático | Aumento gluconeogenia hepática
53
A quien activa el glucagon en la membrana del hepatocito?
Adenilato ciclasa
54
Que permite esta activacion de adenilato ciclasa?
Sintesis del MONOFOSFATO DE ADENOSINA CICLICO
55
A quien activa el monofosto de adenosina ciclico ?
Proteina reguladora de la PK

ENDOCRINOLOGIA (2 decks)

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