Pancytopenia Flashcards
What is pancytopenia?
reduction in the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in the peripheral blood
What is pancytopenia a combo of?
anaemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia.
What is the pathophysiology of pancytopenia?
- decreased bone barrow production
- increased destruction/sequestration
What are congenital causes for pancytopenia?
- Gaucher’s disease
2. Fanconi’s anaemia
What are aquired causes for pancytopenia?
- Cytotoxic chemotherapy
- Radiotherapy
- Bone marrow infiltration
- Myelodysplasia
- Myelofibrosis
- Idiopathic plastic anaemia
- Liver disease
- Portal hypertension
What are differential diagnosis of pancytopenia?
- Chemotherapy
- Radiotherapy
- Vitamin B12 deficiency
- Folic acid deficiency
What os the treatment for serve pancytopenia?
severe pancytopenia: supportive therapy with rbc and platelet transfusions and broad-spectrum antibiotics to treat anaemia bleeding and/or infection
What are investigations of pancytopenia?
FBC
What is aplastic anaemia?
Bone marrow failure causing pancytotpenia
What sort of reaction is aplastic anaemia?
- Not the same as an aplastic crisis
- Autoimmune mediated
What are RF for aplastic anaemia?
- Fanconi’s anaemia
- Infections
- Radiation
What are symptoms of aplastic anaemia?
- Anaemia features + EPO raised
- Thrombocytopenia:
1. Bleeding
2. Petechiae - Leucopenia:
1. Sepsis
2. Recurrent infection
What does the BM aspirate show for aplastic anaemia?
hypocellular
