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GCSE PE 2023 > Paper 1 > Flashcards

Paper 1 Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

Role of tendons

A

Muscle to bone

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2
Q

Role of ligaments

A

Bone to bone

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3
Q

Pathway of air

A

Mouth/nose
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alaveoli

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4
Q

Adaptations of alveoli that promote gaseous exchange

A

Large surface are + One cell thick walls ( short distance for diffusion)
Lots of capillaries (large blood supply) = concentration gradient for diffusion

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5
Q

Artery

A

Function: Carry blood away from the heart
Wall: Thick, muscular walls to withstand blood flowing at high pressure as it leaves the heart.
Lumen : Small

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6
Q

Capppilarie

A

Function: Allows diffusion of gases and nutrients from blood into the body cells
Wall: very thin one cell thick
Lumen: very small, only allows blood to pass through one cell at a time
Other features: walls are made out of a semi permeable membrane to allow diffusion of gases and nutrients

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7
Q

Vein

A

Function: Carry blood towards the heart
Wall : thin
Lumen : large
Other features: contain valves to prevent backflow

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8
Q

Pathway of blood through the heart

A

Deoxygenated blood into right atrium from the vena cava
Atrium contract sand blood is pushed through the valve into the right ventricle
Pulmonary artery transports deoxygenated blood to lungs
Gaseous exchange occurs and blood is oxygenated
Oxygenated blood enters the lefts atrium through the pulmonary vein
Then into left ventricle
Aorta transports oxygenated blood to rest of body

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9
Q

Cardiac output =

A

Stroke volume x heart rate

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10
Q

Mechanics of breathing at rest

A

When you inhale diaphragm and intercostals contract to move the rib cage upwards
This decreases the air preassure in the lungs, drawing air in

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11
Q

Tidal volume

A

The amount of air you breathe in or out during one breath

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12
Q

Inspiratory reserve volume

A

The amount of air you can still inhale after a normal breath

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13
Q

Experotry reserve volume

A

The volume of air you can exhale after a normal breath

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14
Q

Residual volume

A

The volume of air left in your lungs after maximal exhalation

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15
Q

Aerobic excersise

A

Excersie with oxygen

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16
Q

Anaerobic exercise

A

Excersise without oxygen

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17
Q

Anaerobic respiration equation

A

Glucose = energy + lactic acid

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18
Q

Aerobic energy equation

A

Glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + energy + water

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19
Q

Immediate effects of excersise

A

Increase in depth and frequency of breathing
Increased heart rate
Increased temperature

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20
Q

Short term affects of excersise

A

Doms
Nausea
Fatigue
Light headed

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21
Q

Long terms affects of excersise

A

Muscular hypertrophy
Bradycardia (lower resting heart rate)
Strength increase
Loss of fat

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22
Q

Mechanical advantage equation

A

Effort arm divided by weight arm

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23
Q

First class lever

A

LFE

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24
Q

Second class lever

A

ELF

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25
Third class lever
FEL
26
Saggital plane =
Transverse axis
27
Frontal plane =
Saggiatal axis
28
Transverse plane =
Longitudinal axis
29
Saggital plane movement type
Flexion/ extension forwards or backwards
30
Frontal plane movements
Abduction adduction left or right
31
Transverse plane movements
Rotation clockwise or anti-clockwise
32
Health
The state of complete physical, social and mental wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
33
Fitness
The ability to meet the demands of the environment
34
Cardiovascular endurance
The ability of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to the working muscles
35
Muscular endurance
The ability of the muscles to repeatedly undergo contractions without fatigue
36
Strength
The amount of force that a muscle or muscle group can apply against a resistance
37
Speed
The rate at which someone is able to move to cover a distance in a given amount of time
38
Power
A combination of speed and strength
39
Agility
The ability to change body position or direction quickly while maintaining control
40
Balance
The ability the maintain the body’s centre of mass over a base of suppport
41
Coordination
The ability to use two or more parts of the body together efficiently and accurately
42
Reaction time
The time taken to move in a response to a stimulus
43
Flexibility
The range of movement possible at a joint
44
Reasons for fitness testing
Identify strengths and weaknesses To monitor improvement To inform training requirements To set goals
45
Limitations of fitness testing
Not sports specific Do not replicate movements of an activity Do not replicate competitive conditions required in sports
46
Agility test
Illinois agility test
47
Balance
Stork test
48
Cardiovascular endurance
Multi stage fitness test
49
Coordination
Wall toss test
50
Flexibility
Sit and tech test
51
Muscular endurance
Sit up bleep test
52
Power/ explosive strength
Verticle jump test
53
Reaction time
Ruler drop test
54
Maximal strength
One rep max test
55
Speed
30 meter sprint test
56
Strength
Handgrip diameter test
57
Maximal strength
One rep max test
58
Sport =
Specificity Progressive overload Reversibility Tedium
59
Fitt =
Frequency Intensity Time Type
60
Calculate aerobic training zone
60 to 80 percent of maximal heart rate
61
Calculate anaerobic training zone
80 - 90 percent of maximal heart rate
62
Three training season
Pre season Post season Competition
63
Pre season aims
General
64
Warming up should include
Gradual pulse raiser Stretching Skill based practices Mental preparation Increase amount of oxygen to working muscles
65
Cooling down should include
Maintaining elevated breathing rate Gradual reduction in intensity Stretching
66
Benefits of warming up
Increased body temperature Range of movement increased Gradual increase in effort to full pace Physiological preparation Injury prevention
67
Benefits of cooling down
Allowing body to recover The removal of lactic acid Prevention of Doms Prevent blood pooling
68
Static strength
Static strength – the ability to hold a body part (limb) in a static position.

GCSE PE 2023 (1 decks)

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