Paper 1&2 RPs

Question 1

When an object is placed into a displacement can water pours out. What is the volume of water equal to?

Answer 1

The volume of the object

Question 2

Why should an object be fully submerged before you measure the water displaced?

Answer 2

So that the measurement is accurate

Question 3

What equation links density, mass and volume?

Answer 3

Density = mass / volume

Question 4

A block of clay has a volume of 50cm3 and a mass of 65g. Calculate the density in kg/m3.

Answer 4

Density = 0.065 / 0.00005 = 1300 kg/m3

Question 5

Calculate the volume of a 0.5m3 cube in cm3.

Answer 5

500 000 cm3

Question 6

A block has a density of 4.2g/cm3. The volume is 500000cm3, what is the mass of the block in kg?

Answer 6

Mass = 4.2 x 500 000 = 2 100 000 g = 2100 kg

Question 7

Define specific heat capacity.

Answer 7

The amount of energy it takes to increase 1kg by 1°C

Question 8

What are the units for specific heat capacity?

Answer 8

J/kg °C

Question 9

State the equation that links current, potential difference and power.

Answer 9

P= I x V

Question 10

How do you calculate the gradient of a line?

Answer 10

Change in y / change in x

Question 11

Rearrange to make mass the subject:

Answer 11

m = ΔE / c x Δθ

Question 12

What is the following circuit symbol?

Answer 12

Voltmeter

Question 13

What piece of equipment is used to measure temperature?

Answer 13

Thermometer

Question 14

Why is the metal block wrapped in insulation?

Answer 14

To prevent thermal energy dissipating to the surroundings

Question 15

Name a substance that can be used to stain cells before viewing with a microscope?

Answer 15

Iodine or methylene blue

Question 16

How do we find the overall magnification of a microscope?

Answer 16

Eyepiece x Objective lens

Question 17

What does a plant vacuole contain?

Answer 17

Cell sap

Question 18

How have electron microscopes improved our understanding of sub-cellular structures?

Answer 18

Allowed us to see smaller objects, e.g. ribosomes

Question 19

Give a similarity between a bacterial cell and a plant cell.

Answer 19

Cell wall, cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes

Question 20

Give a difference between a bacterial cell and a plant cell.

Answer 20

Chloroplast, nucleus, vacuole, mitochondria

Question 21

How much space should a scientific drawing take up?

Answer 21

At least half the space

Question 22

True or false? Scientific drawings should be coloured or shaded.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

Define osmosis.

Answer 23

The diffusion of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution across a partially permeable membrane

Question 24

What part of a cell is involved in osmosis?

Answer 24

Membrane

Question 25

What does hypotonic mean?

Answer 25

Solution with a low solute concentration

Question 26

What does isotonic mean?

Answer 26

Solution with the same solute concentration

Question 27

What is an independent variable?

Answer 27

Variable that is changed in an experiment

Question 28

What is a control variable?

Answer 28

Variable that is kept the same

Question 29

What is a dependent variable?

Answer 29

Variable that is measured and recorded

Question 30

What is a ripple tank?

Answer 30

A piece of equipment used to observe water waves

Question 31

What piece of apparatus can be used with a ripple tank to make it easier to make measurements?

Answer 31

Strobe light (freezes the waves, making them easier to count)

Question 32

How is wave speed calculated?

Answer 32

Frequency x Wavelength

Question 33

What is a longitudinal wave?

Answer 33

A wave with oscillations parallel to the direction of energy transfer

Question 34

What is defined as 'the highest point on a wave'?

Answer 34

Crest

Question 35

State the speed of UV light through a vacuum.

Answer 35

3 x 10^8 m/s or 300,000,000 m/s

Question 36

What do waves transfer?

Answer 36

Energy

Question 37

What are the SI units for wavelength?

Answer 37

Metres, m

Question 38

Name 2 pieces of apparatus used to detect the amount of infrared radiation given out by different surfaces.

Answer 38

Glass thermometer, infrared thermometer

Question 39

Why are IR thermometers better than glass thermometers?

Answer 39

They are not affected by the surface temperature

Question 40

What happens to frequency of the EM spectrum, from radio waves to gamma rays?

Answer 40

Increases

Question 41

What is the trough of a wave?

Answer 41

The lowest point

Question 42

If a twig is dropped into a calm body of water why doesn’t it move?

Answer 42

Waves transfer energy, not matter

Question 43

True or false – all bodies absorb and emit infrared radiation.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

What is the relationship between object temperature and how much IR it emits?

Answer 44

Higher temperature = more IR

Question 45

What is the wavelength of a 20Hz wave travelling at 4 m/s?

Answer 45

0.2 m

Question 46

What enzyme is responsible for breaking down carbohydrates?

Answer 46

Amylase

Question 47

What enzyme is responsible for breaking down proteins?

Answer 47

Protease

Question 48

What enzyme is responsible for breaking down lipids?

Answer 48

Lipase

Question 49

What does starch break down into?

Answer 49

Glucose

Question 50

What do lipids break down into?

Answer 50

Fatty acids and glycerol

Question 51

What do proteins break down into?

Answer 51

Amino acids

Question 52

Which 2 reagents can be used to test for lipids?

Answer 52

Ethanol, Sudan III

Question 53

Which food test is semi-quantitative and why?

Answer 53

Benedict’s – the end colour depends on the sugar concentration

Question 54

State two factors which affect reaction times.

Answer 54

Caffeine, distractions, age, alcohol, tiredness

Question 55

Apart from the ruler drop test, how else can reaction times be tested?

Answer 55

Using a computer programme which tests reaction time

Question 56

Describe one control variable for the ruler drop test.

Answer 56

Dominant or non-dominant hand, hours of sleep, number of caffeinated drinks, etc

Question 57

Which type of neurone carries impulses through the CNS?

Answer 57

Relay

Question 58

Define effector.

Answer 58

Muscle or gland which produces the response

Question 59

Give an example of an effector.

Answer 59

Any muscle or gland

Question 60

Define stimulus.

Answer 60

Change in environment

Question 61

Give an example of a stimulus for the skin.

Answer 61

Heat, e.g. candle, touch, e.g. feather

Question 62

What is a mixture?

Answer 62

More than one substance mixed, but not chemically joined

Question 63

What does pure mean?

Answer 63

A single element or compound

Question 64

Give another method that can be used to determine the purity of a substance.

Answer 64

By finding its melting or boiling point

Question 65

How do impurities affect the boiling point of a substance?

Answer 65

Increase it

Question 66

Which parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are absorbed by the chlorophyll molecule?

Answer 66

Blue and red visible light

Question 67

What is the calculation for Rf value?

Answer 67

Distance moved by solute / Distance moved by solvent

Question 68

In chromatography the stationary phase is ____________.

Answer 68

Solid

Question 69

In chromatography the mobile phase is ___________.

Answer 69

Solid, Liquid, Gas

Question 70

Name 2 ways of measuring the oxygen given off by a plant during photosynthesis.

Answer 70

Counting bubbles, collecting in upturned measuring cylinder

Question 71

Describe the relationship between distance and number of bubbles given off during photosynthesis.

Answer 71

As distance increases, fewer bubbles of oxygen are produced

Question 72

What do we call factors that reduce that rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 72

Limiting factor

Question 73

Apart from light intensity name 2 factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis.

Answer 73

Carbon dioxide concentration, temperature

Question 74

What reactant for photosynthesis enters the plant through the roots?

Answer 74

Water

Question 75

Through which process does the substance you named in Q5 enter the roots?

Answer 75

Osmosis

Question 76

True or false? Rf values are always greater than one.

Answer 76

False – always less than 1

Question 77

Why can the substances in a mixture be separated?

Answer 77

They are not chemically joined

Question 78

Name a gas that causes acid rain.

Answer 78

Nitrous oxides, sulphur dioxide

Question 79

Name a greenhouse gas.

Answer 79

Carbon dioxide, methane, water vapour

Question 80

Suggest two factors that caused carbon dioxide levels to decrease in the Earth’s early atmosphere.

Answer 80

Evolution of green plants (and therefore photosynthesis), dissolved in water, locked up in sediments and rocks

Question 81

Which stage is used to destroy microbes when treating water?

Answer 81

Sterilisation

Question 82

Briefly describe how potable water is made from seawater.

Answer 82

Water is heated until it boils. The salt remains in the liquid, and the steam is pure water. The steam is cooled and condensed to make potable water./Reverse osmosis

Question 83

Explain the role of anaerobic bacteria in the treatment of sewage.

Answer 83

Sewage sludge is digested anaerobically by specific bacteria

Question 84

Which two planets currently have an atmosphere similar to the early atmosphere of the Earth?

Answer 84

Venus and Mars

Question 85

Name 3 different stores of carbon in the carbon cycle.

Answer 85

Fossil fuels, rocks, compounds in plants and animals

Question 86

What is a transect?

Answer 86

A transect is a line across a habitat or part of a habitat

Question 87

What is a quadrat?

Answer 87

A square frame with a known area that can be used to sample a habitat

Question 88

What does population mean?

Answer 88

The number of individuals of a species in an area

Question 89

What is defined as 'the area where an organism lives'?

Answer 89

Habitat

Question 90

Give an advantage of estimating population size instead of measuring true population size.

Answer 90

Impossible to count all of the organisms in a population

Question 91

Why will light intensity affect the distribution of plants?

Answer 91

Light is required for photosynthesis so higher light intensity would lead to a higher plant population

Question 92

What is the difference between abundance and distribution?

Answer 92

Abundance is how many; distribution is where they are found