Paper 1 inorganic chemistry

Question 1

word equation for reaction between alkali metals and water

Answer 1

alkali metal + water = metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 2

What is the solution of the reaction of an alkali metal with water

Answer 2

alkaline

Question 3

trend in reactivity of alkali metals

Answer 3

more reactive down the group

Question 4

product of lithium and air reaction

Answer 4

lithium oxide

Question 5

product of sodium with air

Answer 5

mixture of sodium oxide and sodium peroxide

Question 6

potassium and air product

Answer 6

potassium peroxide and potassium superoxide

Question 7

what suggests they are all part of the same family based on their reactions with water

Answer 7

produce an alkaline solution, and hydrogen, as well as a metal hydroxide

Question 8

why do alkali metals react similarly

Answer 8

all have one electron on the outer shell

Question 9

trend in melting and boiling point down group 1

Answer 9

boiling and melting point decreases down the group and the relative atomic mass increases

Question 10

why does boiling point decrease down group 1

Answer 10

more shells of electrons so weaker electrostatic attraction

Question 11

trend of colour and atomic mass in halogens

Answer 11

colour gets darker at you go down the group and mass increases

Question 12

trend of boiling point in halogens

Answer 12

boiling point increases down the group

Question 13

state and colour of chlorine at rtp

Answer 13

green gas

Question 14

state and colour of bromine at rtp

Answer 14

red-brown liquid

Question 15

state and colour of iodine at rtp

Answer 15

dark grey crystalline solid

Question 16

colour of bromine gas

Answer 16

orange

Question 17

colour of iodine gas

Answer 17

purple

Question 18

trend in reactivity of halogens

Answer 18

less reactive as you go down the group

Question 19

what experiments prove that reactivity decreases down the group

Answer 19

reactions with hydrogen - fluorine reacts violently, chlorine reacts violently only when exposed to light, bromine only reacts when with a burning splint

Question 20

word equation for halogen plus hydrogen reaction

Answer 20

hydrogen + halogen = hydrogen halide

Question 21

which side of arrow are electrons in ionic half equation in reduction

Answer 21

left

Question 22

which side of arrow are electrons in ionic half equation in oxidation

Answer 22

right

Question 23

what happens to whatever gets displaced in halogen displacement

Answer 23

oxidation

Question 24

what happens to whatever displaces the other one in halogen reactions

Answer 24

reduction

Question 25

therefore what is trend in terms of oxidation and reduction with halogens

Answer 25

more reactive = reduced

Question 26

what is the oxidising agent

Answer 26

whatever is being reduced

Question 27

what is the reducing agent

Answer 27

whatever is being oxidised

Question 28

colour of iodine solution

Answer 28

dark brown

Question 29

colour of bromine solution

Answer 29

orange

Question 30

colour of chlorine solution

Answer 30

pale green

Question 31

the colour of a solution after displacement reaction corresponds to the colour of what

Answer 31

the colour of solution of what has been displaced

Question 32

composition of air approximate percentages

Answer 32

nitrogen = 78 oxygen = 21 argon = 0.9 carbon dioxide = 0.04

Question 33

describe reaction of magnesium and oxygen

Answer 33

burns with bright white flame produces white powder alkaline when dissolved in water

Question 34

describe the reaction of hydrogen with oxygen

Answer 34

explosive orange/yellow flame produces only water

Question 35

describe the reaction of sulphur and oxygen

Answer 35

pale blue flame produces sulphur dioxide acidic when dissolves in water

Question 36

general word equation for thermal decomposition of metal carbonates

Answer 36

metal carbonate = metal oxide + carbon dioxide

Question 37

metal and acid reaction equation

Answer 37

metal + acid = salt + hydrogen (MASH)

Question 38

metal and water reaction

Answer 38

metal + water = metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 39

what do you use instead of water when dealing with a less reactive metal and which metals

Answer 39

steam | magnesium, zinc, iron

Question 40

which metal wont react with water or steam

Answer 40

copper

Question 41

what type of salt is produced from hydrochloric acid

Answer 41

chloride salts

Question 42

what type of salt is produced from sulphuric acid

Answer 42

sulphate salts

Question 43

reactivity series

Answer 43

``` Potassium Sodium Lithium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium Carbon Zinc Iron Tin Lead Hydrogen Copper Silver Gold ```

Question 44

what things must be present for rusting to occur

Answer 44

oxygen and water

Question 45

what type of reaction is rusting

Answer 45

corrosion

Question 46

chemical equation for rusting

Answer 46

iron + oxygen (+water) = hydrated iron (III) oxide

Question 47

which are the only two things that rust

Answer 47

iron and steel (because it is an alloy of iron)

Question 48

suggest some barrier methods of rust prevention

Answer 48

painting, oiling (lubricating), greasing, coating with plastic or a less reactive metal to prevent oxygen entering

Question 49

what is the sacrificial method of protection from rust

Answer 49

adding blocks of zinc or magnesium to surface, which will react with oxygen

Question 50

what is the method of galvanising

Answer 50

coating in zinc layer

Question 51

what colour is methyl orange in acid/alkali

Answer 51

red/orange in acid, yellow in alkali

Question 52

what colour is phenolphthalein in acid/alkali

Answer 52

colourless in acid, pink/red in alkali

Question 53

metal oxide and acid reaction equation

Answer 53

metal oxide + acid = salt + water

Question 54

metal hydroxide and acid reaction equation

Answer 54

metal hydroxide + acid = salt + water

Question 55

acid and ammonia reaction equation

Answer 55

acid + ammonia = ammonium salt

Question 56

difference between ammonia and ammonium

Answer 56

ammonium is NH4+ and ammonia is NH3+ and ammonia is usually a gas

Question 57

acid and base reaction equation

Answer 57

acid + base = salt + water

Question 58

acid and metal reaction equation

Answer 58

acid + metal = salt + hydrogen

Question 59

acid and metal carbonate reaction equation

Answer 59

acid + metal carbonate = salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 60

acid definition

Answer 60

a substance containing H+ hydrogen ions which donate protons and have a pH less than 7

Question 61

base definition

Answer 61

a substance containing OH- hydroxide ions and are proton acceptors (receive protons), pH greater than 7

Question 62

difference between base and alkali

Answer 62

alkalis are soluble bases

Question 63

Equation for metal and steam reaction

Answer 63

Metal + steam = metal oxide + hydrogen