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IB DP Global Politics SL > Paper 1 Study Deck > Flashcards

Paper 1 Study Deck Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

What is power? (key term)

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

The ability to effect change; it is an aspect of relations among people functioning within a social organization; not an independent force

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

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2
Q

What is sovereignty? (key term)

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

The independence of a state; its control over territory and its ability to govern itself

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

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3
Q

What is legitimacy? (key term)

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

An actor or an action being commonly considered acceptable; the fundamental basis for exercising power over others

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

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4
Q

What is unilateralism?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

One nation-state working alone on a given issue

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

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5
Q

What is multilateralism?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

Two or more nation-states working together on a given issue

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

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6
Q

What is hard power?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

The use of force and threats to influence decision making

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

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7
Q

What is soft power?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

A country’s ability to make friends and influence people not through its military might, but through its most attractive assets, notably culture, education, language and values

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8
Q

What is smart power?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

Involves both hard and soft power; strategically applying diplomacy and persuasion

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9
Q

What is realism?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

A theory or perspective in which power is seen as the currency of global politics

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10
Q

What is classical realism?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

The theory or perspective that human beings by nature seek power; that States are led by people who seek power

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11
Q

What is structural realism?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

The theory or perspective that States pursue power because of the nature of the international system

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12
Q

What is balance of power theory?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

The realist theory that national security is strengthened when military capability is distributed so that no single state is strong enough to dominate all others

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13
Q

What is liberalism?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

A theory or perspective with an emphasis on interdependence between states and proposes that states are not the only important actors in global politics

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14
Q

What is interdependence? (key term)

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

In the context of global politics, the mutual reliance between and among groups, organizations, geographic areas, or states for access to resources that sustain living arrangements

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15
Q

What is hegemony?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

The domination of one nation-state over other states; the dominance of one group over another

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16
Q

What is balancing (power)?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

The actions that a state (or group of states) take in order to equalize the odds against more powerful states

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17
Q

What are IGOs?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

Intergovernmental organizations

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18
Q

What are NGOs?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

Nongovernmental organizations

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19
Q

What are MNCs?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

Multinational corporations

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20
Q

What are nation-states/states?

Power, Sovereignty and International Relations

A

An entity with an independent government

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21
Q

What is justice? (key term)

Human Rights

A

The enforcement of human rights that has to do with fairness, equality, and deserved consequences or lack thereof

Human Rights

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22
Q

What is liberty? (key term)

Human Rights

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A

Having freedom and autonomy; in this interdependent world liberty for some is argued to possibly depend on lack of liberty for others

Human Rights

23
Q

What is negative liberty? (key term)

Human Rights

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A

Liberty where individuals have freedom from external coercion

Human Rights

24
Q

What is positive liberty? (key term)

Human Rights

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A

Liberty where individuals have the autonomy to carry out their own rational will

Human Rights

25
What is equality? **(key term)** ## Footnote Human Rights
A state of affairs where all people, or groups of people, are treated as having the same intrinsic value ## Footnote Human Rights
26
What is inequality? **(key term)** ## Footnote Human Rights
A state of affairs where equality between people or groups of people is not realized; includes consequent potential compromises of justice and liberty ## Footnote Human Rights
27
What are human rights? **(key term)** ## Footnote Human Rights
Basic claims and entitlements that one should be able to exercise simply by virtue of being a human being ## Footnote Human Rights
28
What is non-violence? **(key term)** ## Footnote Human Rights
The practice of advocating one’s own or others’ rights without physically harming the opponent ## Footnote Human Rights
29
What is universalism? ## Footnote Human Rights
In the context of human rights, the idea or belief that all people are entitled by nature (not by citizenship or nationality) to the same human rights ## Footnote Human Rights
30
What is cultural relativism? ## Footnote Human Rights
The idea or belief that there is no universal standard to measure cultures by, and that all cultures are equally valid and must be understood in their own terms ## Footnote Human Rights
31
What is the stability-instability paradox? ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
The idea that nuclear deterrence makes other (lesser) types of warfare more likely, rather than less ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
32
What is peace? **(key term)** ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
Both the absence of conflict and violence as well as a state of harmonious relations ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
33
What is negative peace? **(key term)** ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
The absence of war and physical violence ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
34
What is positive peace? **(key term)** ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
True peace; both the absence of war and the presence of the conditions for a just and sustainable peace ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
35
What is conflict? **(key term)** ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
The dynamic process of actual or perceived opposition between individuals or groups ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
36
What is violence? **(key term)** ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
In the context of global politics, anything someone does that prevents others from reaching their full potential; commonly physical or psychological force afflicted upon another being ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
37
What is structural violence? ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
Systemic ways in which social structures harm or otherwise disadvantage individuals ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
38
What is a positional difference? ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
The reason of the conflict, its essence, a (perceived) incompatibility of ideas or beliefs ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
39
What is peacebuilding? ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
The liberalist theory that the underlying causes of a conflict must be addressed, laying the foundations to prevent future violence ## Footnote Peace and Conflict
40
What is GDP (Gross Domestic Product)? ## Footnote Development
A measure of the monetary value of final goods and services—that is, those that are bought by the final user—produced in a country in a given period of time ## Footnote Development
41
What is HDI (Human Development Index)? ## Footnote Development
A measure of the human potential within a nation– life expectancy, education, income, etc. ## Footnote Development
42
What is HPI (Happy Planet Index)? ## Footnote Development
A measure of the well-being and environmental impact of people in a nation (with a focus on life satisfaction and sustainability) ## Footnote Development
43
What is development? **(key term)** ## Footnote Development
A sustained increase in the standard of living and well-being of a level of social organization ## Footnote Development
44
What is globalization? **(key term)** ## Footnote Development
A process by which the world’s local, national, and regional economies, societies, and cultures are becoming increasingly integrated and connected; the reduction of barriers and borders, as people, goods, services, and ideas flow more freely between different parts of the world ## Footnote Development
45
What is specialization? ## Footnote Development
The idea that countries produce what they are good at producing ## Footnote Development
46
What is an absolute advantage? ## Footnote Development
When a country is able to produce more of a given product than another ## Footnote Development
47
What is a comparative advantage? ## Footnote Development
When a country is able to produce a given product relatively more efficiently ## Footnote Development
48
What is protectionism? ## Footnote Development
A belief that favors trade barriers that protect domestic jobs and keep foreign-produced products out ## Footnote Development
49
What is/are free trade(rs)? ## Footnote Development
A belief that favors few or even no trade restrictions with other countries and welcomes an open global economy ## Footnote Development
50
What is a tariff? ## Footnote Development
A tax placed on imports to increase their price in the domestic market ## Footnote Development
51
What is a quota? ## Footnote Development
A limit placed on the quantities of a product that can be imported ## Footnote Development
52
What is the economic principle? ## Footnote Development
The principle that in the process of trading with other countries, countries become dependent on each other (become interdependent) ## Footnote Development
53
What is sustainability **(key term)** ## Footnote Development
The idea that development should meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs; has three fields: environmental, socio-political, and economic ## Footnote Development

IB DP Global Politics SL (1 decks)

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