Paper 1- the muscular system

Question 1

Define flexion.

Answer 1

A movement which decrease the angle between bones at a joint.

Question 2

Define extension.

Answer 2

A movement where the angle increases between the bones and joint.

Question 3

Give an example of flexion.

Answer 3

Bicep curl (upwards phase)

Question 4

Give an example of extension.

Answer 4

Bicep curl (downwards phase)

Question 5

Define concentric contraction.

Answer 5

A contraction that causes the muscle to shorten.

Question 6

Define eccentric contraction.

Answer 6

A contraction that causes the muscle to lengthen.

Question 7

Define isotonic contraction.

Answer 7

A contraction that causes the muscle to change length, producing movement.

Question 8

Define isometric contraction.

Answer 8

A contraction where there is no change in the length of the muscle so there is no movement.

Question 9

Define fixator.

Answer 9

The muscle that stabilises the origin of the agonist and the joint that the origin moves over.

Question 10

Define lateral.

Answer 10

Towards the outside of the body.

Question 11

Define medial.

Answer 11

Towards the middle of the body.

Question 12

Define posterior.

Answer 12

Towards the back of the body.

Question 13

Define anterior.

Answer 13

Towards the back of the body.

Question 14

Knee:
- Type of joint.
- Articulating bones.
- Plane of movement.

Answer 14

• Hinge joint.
• Femur/ tibia.
• Sagittal plane.

Question 15

Wrist:
- Type of joint.
- Articulating bones.
- Plane of movement.

Answer 15

• Condyloid joint.
• Radius/ ulna/ carpals.
• Sagittal plane.

Question 16

Ankle:
- Type of joint.
- Articulating bones.
- Plane of movement.

Answer 16

• Hinge joint.
• Tibia/ fibula/ talus.
• Sagittal plane.

Question 17

Elbow:
- Type of joint.
- Articulating bones.
- Plane of motion

Answer 17

• Hinge joint.
• Humerus/ radius/ ulna.
• Sagittal plane.

Question 18

What movements occur at the wrist?

Answer 18

Flexion
Extension

Question 19

What movements occur at the elbow?

Answer 19

Flexion
Extension

Question 20

What movements occur at the shoulder?

Answer 20

Flexion/ Extension
Adduction/ Abduction
Medial rotation/ Lateral rotation
Horizontal extension/ Horizontal flexion

Question 21

What movements occur at the hip?

Answer 21

Flexion/ Extension
Abduction/ Adduction
Medial rotation/ Lateral rotation

Question 22

What movements occur at the knee?

Answer 22

Flexion
Extension

Question 23

What movements occur at the ankle?

Answer 23

Plantarflexion
Dorsiflexion

Question 24

Hip : Flexion: Agonist

Answer 24

Iliopsoas

Question 25

Hip: Flexion: Antagonist

Answer 25

Gluteus Maximus

Question 26

Hip: Extension: Agonist

Answer 26

Gluteus Maximus

Question 27

Hip: Extension: Antagonist

Answer 27

Iliopsoas

Question 28

Hip: Adduction: Agonist

Answer 28

Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus

Question 29

Hip: Adduction: Antagonist

Answer 29

Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus

Question 30

Hip: Abduction: Agonist

Answer 30

Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus

Question 31

Hip: Abduction: Antagonist

Answer 31

Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus

Question 32

Hip: Medial Rotation: Agonist

Answer 32

Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus

Question 33

Hip: Medial Rotation: Antagonist

Answer 33

Gluteus Maximus

Question 34

Hip: Lateral Rotation: Agonist

Answer 34

Gluteus Maximus

Question 35

Hip: Lateral Rotation: Antagonist

Answer 35

Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus

Question 36

Shoulder: Flexion: Agonist

Answer 36

Anterior Deltoid

Question 37

Shoulder: Flexion: Antagonist

Answer 37

Posterior Deltoid

Question 38

Shoulder: Extension: Agonist

Answer 38

Posterior Deltoid

Question 39

Shoulder: Extension: Antagonist

Answer 39

Anterior Deltoid

Question 40

Shoulder: Hz Flexion: Agonist

Answer 40

Pectoralis Major

Question 41

Shoulder: Hz Flexion: Antagonist

Answer 41

Trapezius

Question 42

Shoulder: Hz Extension: Agonist

Answer 42

Trapezius

Question 43

Shoulder: Hz Extension: Antagonist

Answer 43

Pectoralis Major

Question 44

Shoulder: Adduction: Agonist

Answer 44

Latissimus Dorsi

Question 45

Shoulder: Adduction: Antagonist

Answer 45

Middle Deltoid

Question 46

Shoulder: Abduction: Agonist

Answer 46

Middle Deltoid

Question 47

Shoulder: Abduction: Antagonist

Answer 47

Latissimus Dorsi

Question 48

Shoulder: Medial Rotation: Agonist

Answer 48

Subscapularis Teres Major

Question 49

Shoulder: Medial Rotation: Antagonist

Answer 49

Infraspinatus Teres Minor

Question 50

Shoulder: Lateral Rotation: Agonist

Answer 50

Infraspinatus Teres Minor

Question 51

Shoulder: Lateral Rotation: Antagonist

Answer 51

Subscapularis Teres Major

Question 52

Shoulder: - Type of joint - Articulating bones - Planes of movement

Answer 52

- Ball and Socket - Head of Humerus/ Glenoid Fossa of Scapula - Sagittal/ Frontal/ Transverse

Question 53

Hip: - Type of Joint - Articulating Bones - Planes of Movement

Answer 53

- Ball and Socket - Head of Humerus/ Acetabulum of Pelvis - Saggital/ Frontal/ Transverse

Question 54

What plane is flexion in?

Answer 54

Saggital

Question 55

What plane is extension in?

Answer 55

Saggital

Question 56

What plane is abduction in?

Answer 56

Frontal

Question 57

What plane is adduction in?

Answer 57

Frontal