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Religious > Paper 1, Topic 1: Christian Beliefs > Flashcards

Paper 1, Topic 1: Christian Beliefs Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the doctrine of the Holy Trinity

A

There is one god in three forms

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2
Q

What is the Holy Trinity?

A

The Holy Spirit
God the Son
God the Father

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3
Q

The Holy Spirit 🕊

A

To guide humans. To allow God to be omnipresent. Conscience.

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4
Q

God the Son ✝️

A

He was Jesus. Came to earth to save humans from sin. He was God incarnate (made flesh/man).

SOWA:
It had been prophesied in the Old Testament by Prophet Isaiah (7:14)
“Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign; the Virgin will conceive and give birth to a son, and will call him Immanuel.”

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5
Q

God the Father 🌏

A

He made the world (creator).

He sent the flood in which Noah and his family were saved.

Revealed by the Old Testament to be Lord, Father and Judge.

He sent Jesus to earth to help human beings and save them from sinning.

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6
Q

“Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptising them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit”
What does the quote mean?
(Matthew 28:19)

A

Jesus said this

Gather followers for Christianity around the world

In the name of the Trinity

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7
Q

“The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ and the love of God and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all”

Where is this SOWA about the Trinity from?

A

2 Corinthians

2 Corinthians 13:14

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8
Q

What does the Nicene Creed show?

A

There is one God who exists in three forms.
God the Father is the creator of all things.
Jesus, as God the Son, suffered and died as a fully human being to save other humans from sin.
Jesus rose from the dead and is seated in Heaven as the Son of God.
God the Holy Spirit gives life to all things.
The Holy Spirit inspires people and shows them the will of God.

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9
Q

What does this SOWA from the Nicene Creed mean?

“We believe in one God, the Father, the Almighty, maker of heaven and earth, of all that is seen and unseen”

A

God the Father is creator. He is greater than us.

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10
Q

What does this SOWA from the Nicene Creed mean?

“We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ, the only Son of God, eternally begotten of the Father, God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God, begotten not made, one in Being with the Father. Through him all things were made.”

A

Jesus is God, but in human form. Jesus was not made or created. He is one with the Father.

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11
Q

Why is Catholic Mass an example of liturgical worship?

A

It’s a formal, public worship

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12
Q

How is a Quaker meeting an example of non liturgical worship?

A

It’s worship that doesn’t follow a formal or set pattern

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13
Q

State three examples of non liturgical worship

A

Glossolalia - speaking in tongues (speaking in an unknown/foreign language)

Quaker meeting. Worshippers may talk, pray, sing about the Trinity. Some are quiet and contemplate about it

Charismatic worship - Christians believe the Holy Spirit descends on them. Some is televised, e.g Benny Hinn

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14
Q

State three examples of liturgical worship

A

Trinity shown on songs (hymns) and prayers. This is the spoken word

The sign of the cross symbolises the Trinity. Some use the Byzantine method and bring 3 fingers together to represent the Trinity

Images in places of worship include the Trinity, e.g Holy Spirit = fire or dove, Jesus = lamb or fish

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15
Q

Fill in the gaps:

Liturgical worship is ________, public __________. E.g a Catholic ______ service.

Non liturgical worship is worship which does not follow a ___________ or ___ pattern. E.g a __________ meeting.

A

Formal
Worship
Mass

Formal
Set
Quaker

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16
Q

Some Christian denominations __ ___ believe in the Trinity.

For instance, the founder of the M__________ Church taught that God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit were three __________ ___________, omnipotent Gods.

The __________ and Jehovah’s Witness denominations believe that Jesus and the Holy Spirit are _________ or subordinate to God.

Most Christians, however believe in the Trinity and the __________ of God.

A

Do
Not
Believe

Mormon
Completely
Distinct

Unitarian
Inferior

Oneness

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17
Q

Explain two ways in which Christians may worship God

4 marks

A

Firstly, Christians may worship God in a non liturgical way, which is informal and personal. For example, speaking in tongues (Glossolalia).

Secondly, Christians may worship God in a liturgical way, which is formal and a set pattern, an example of this is the sign of the cross representing the Trinity. Christians has the Byzantine method.

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18
Q

Omnipotent

A

All powerful

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19
Q

Omniscient

A

All knowing/seeing

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20
Q

Omnibenevolent

A

All loving

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21
Q

Omnipresent

A

Everywhere

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22
Q

Why is the Trinity important for Christians?

A

Allows God to guide humans in their life (Holy Spirit)

It shows God is different to humans (Father + Holy Spirit)

It shows that God was also human (God the Son), so understands human life

It shows the characteristics of God i.e omnipotence

It shows God is omnibenevolent because God came to save humans as Jesus

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23
Q

Issues raised by non Christians
1+1+1=1
Why is this seen as illogical?

A

Because 1+1+1=3, not 1

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24
Q

If God is ___________, __________ and ___________, why does ________ exist?

links to inconsistent triad

A

If God is omnipotent, omnibenevolent and omniscient, why does evil exist?

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25
“Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering.” Genesis 1:2 What does this mean?
This means before there was nothing, then God created/formed everything - the world. This quote shows that God in the form of the Trinity existed before the creation of the universe.
26
Genesis 1 - 7 days of creation What happened on each day?
In the beginning... formless, empty, darkness. In the beginning, God created the heavens and earth ``` Day1: light “let there be light” Day2: sky (to separate water from water) Day3: land, plants, trees Day4: sun, stars, moon and seasons Day5: sea creatures, birds Day6: land animals, humans Day7: God rested ```
27
John 1 The word became flesh 1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 2 He was with God in the beginning. 3 Through him all things were made; without him nothing was made that has been made. 4 In him was life, and that life was the light of all mankind. 5 The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness has not overcome it. What does this mean?
God is the Word, and the Word is Jesus. Jesus was there at the beginning of creation.
28
The Fall | Where in the Bible?
Genesis 2&3
29
After God had created man from the earth, what did He do to make him a living person?
He breathed the breath of life into his nostrils
30
Where did God place the man?
The Garden of Eden
31
God told Adam that he could eat fruit from any tree in the garden, except from which one?
The tree of the knowledge of good and evil
32
Why did God bring all of the animals to Adam?
To be named by him
33
What did God create from Adams’ rib?
Eve/woman
34
Why are Adam and Eve not allowed to eat from the tree in the middle of the garden?
They will die - they’re not allowed
35
What does the serpent say will happen if they eat from the tree?
Their eyes will be opened as soon as they eat it and they will become like God, knowing both good and evil
36
After eating the fruit, why do Adam and Eve use fig leaves to cover themselves?
They felt shame for being naked
37
How is the serpent punished by God?
The serpent is cursed, will have to move around on stomach for all of its life and women will be afraid of it
38
How is Eve punished?
Sharpen the pain of childbirth, let man take over/be in charge of her
39
How does God punish Adam?
Will have to work hard all of his life, then die. Grow his own food. He was made from dust and will return to dust
40
What is Adam and Eve’s final punishment?
Banished from The Garden of Eden
41
Is this literal or metaphorical? The creation is a story that aims or show humankind’s relationship with their creator and to show what God is like
Metaphorical
42
Is this literal or metaphorical? Christina who believe this approach are known as creationists
Literal
43
Is this literal or metaphorical? Christians who believe this approach are known as liberals
Metaphorical
44
Is this literal or metaphorical? A ‘day’ for God could represent millions of years, as God is believed to be timeless
Metaphorical
45
Is this literal or metaphorical? Using the Bible as a guide, the universe was created about ten thousand years ago
Literal
46
Is this literal or metaphorical? The creation took exactly 6 calendar days, just as it says in Genesis and this is the word of God so it must be correct
Literal
47
Christians believe that Jesus was the long awaited M______ or Saviour of the world. They also believe that Jesus (S__ of God) is the second form of the T______, this is shown in the G______. Finally, Christians refer time Jesus as ‘The W____’, this is probably because Jesus showed the world the “W______ of God” through his teachings.
``` Messiah Trinity Gospels Word Word ```
48
Where does the term incarnation come from and what does it mean
Comes from a Latin word meaning ‘the act of being made flesh’. When God is described as ‘God the Son’, this refers to the Christian belief that God chose to come to earth as a human being.
49
What is the Hypostatic Union?
Belief that in Jesus humanity + divinity was joined (believing in this requires faith).
50
SOWA “The Word became flesh and made his dwelling among us. We have seen his glory, the glory of the one and only Son, who came from the Father, full of grace and truth.” (John 1.14) Outline three Christian beliefs about the nature of Jesus Christ as the incarnated Son of God (3 marks)
Firstly, one Christian belief would be that he was the second form of the Trinity. Secondly, Jesus lived with humans, he did this to spread God’s teachings. Thirdly, Jesus performs miracles, this is a God like thing to do, this shows that he is part divine.
51
List 3 sources of authority that shows Jesus as human or God. (Part divine)
Jesus is ‘in very nature’ God (Philippians 2:6) Jesus is omnipotent (Matthew 28:18) and omniscient (John 21:17) Jesus was born as a baby to a human mother (Luke 2:7) Jesus forgave sins, something only God can do (Mark 2:5-7). Jesus was without sin, only God is perfectly good (Matthew 4:1-10, Peter 2:22)
52
Why might non believers have questions about Jesus being God incarnate?
The concept of a virgin birth The believe that Jesus was resurrected The belief that Jesus was able to perform miracles and therefore is omnipotent What is the point of Jesus living if it was planned that he had to die?
53
What is Easter?
Most important festival in the Christian calendar. It celebrates the resurrection from the dead of Jesus, three days after he was crucified. The Easter story is the heart of Christianity.
54
What does Easter Sunday mark?
The day Jesus resurrected from the dead.
55
What is Lent?
A special time in the Church’s calendar thar takes place each spring in the run up to Easter. Starts on Ash Wednesday. Lent lasts for 40 days (not including Sunday’s) and ends the day before Easter Sunday, on Holy Saturday. When Christians remember how Jesus spent 40 days and nights in the wilderness being tempted by the devil.
56
When does Lent begin?
It begins with Ash Wednesday
57
What happens on Ash Wednesday?
Palm leaves are burned to make ashes, which are then put on Christian’s heads as a reminder of Jesus’ sacrifice.
58
What happened when Jesus spent 40 days and nights in the desert/wilderness?
Being tempted by the devil. Jesus used this time to practice fasting and praying. Christians spend 40 days preparing. They set aside time to think about whether they’re living in a way that makes God happy. They will ask for God’s forgiveness for the times they mess up, and for his help to live in the way that he wishes. Many Christians give up ok luxuries or eating certain foods, to help them concentrate on God.
59
The week prior to Easter Sunday known as what?
Holy Week
60
What are three key events of Holy Week?
Palm Sunday Maundy Thursday Good Friday
61
Palm Sunday
Sunday before Easter Day. It’s the first day of Holy Week and celebrates Jesus’ arrival in Jerusalem riding on a donkey. Crowds of people came out of the city to greet him, throwing palm branches on the road.
62
Maundy Thursday
Thursday before Easter Day. Remember when Jesus are the Passover meal with his Disciples - breaking bread and drinking wine (Last Supper). Christians take part in Holy Communion to remember this. A reminder that Jesus as a man sacrificed his life for mankind. Jesus washes the feet of his disciples; the Roman Catholic Church services include a ceremony in such the priest washes the feet of 12 people.
63
Good Friday
Friday before Easter Sunday. Commemorates the execution of Jesus by crucifixion. Good Friday is a day of mourning in Church. Good Friday services Christians remember Jesus’ suffering and death on the cross, and what this means for their faith. The main service on Good Friday takes place between midday and 3pm. Meditation based on the seven last words of Jesus on the cross, with hymns, prayers and short sermons.
64
Christmas is a Christian festival that marks the ______ of Jesus as man.
Birth
65
What is advent?
Period of preparation for the celebration of the birth of Jesus.
66
The Eucharist (holy communion) is an important __________ or ceremony accepted by almost all Christians. The Eucharist is a re-enactment of the ______ _________, which is the final meal Jesus had with his disciples before his arrest and __________. At the Last Supper Jesus took bread and wine, broke it and shared it with his friends. He told his friends to continue to do this act in __________ of him. (This is what Christians today do in the Eucharist to _________ Him)
Sacrament Last Supper Crucifixion Memory Remember
67
Many Christians call the Last Days of Jesus’ life, particularly the suffering he endured, the __________ (of Jesus Christ). The word ‘________’ comes from a Latin word which means ‘_________’
Passion Passion Suffering
68
What is Holy Week?
The week before Easter when Christians remember the last days of Jesus’ life.
69
What is ascension?
Going to heaven
70
Why is everyone involved in the Holy Communion?
To show that they are united and one. It shows Christians are one community.
71
The events of Good Friday 1. Jesus prays on the ________ of ______. Jesus and his disciples go to the ________ of _______ to pray. Jesus prays and his sweat becomes like drops of ______ falling on the ground. He finds his disciples asleep in sorrow and commands them to wake up and _______.
Mount Olives Mount Olives Blood Pray
72
The events of Good Friday 2. Judas _____ Jesus on the cheek to _______ him to the Roman soldiers. His disciples ask if they should a_______ with their swords, one of them strikes at high priests servant and ____ off his right _____. Jesus tells him to s____ and h______ the mans ear.
Kissed Identify Attack Cuts Ear Stop Heals
73
The events of Good Friday 3. Peter d_______ Jesus. Peter (one of Jesus’ closest friends) is asked _ times if he knows Jesus, he d_______ every time. Jesus is a______ and taken away. 4. Jesus is insulted and b_______. He is m______. The Jewish priests ask him if he is the Son of ____. Jesus replies “it is who ____ say I am”.
Denies Denied Arrested Beaten Mocked Man You
74
The events of Good Friday 5. Jesus is taken to P______ (Roman leader of the town). P______ considers Jesus’ case and then presents him to the ______ and says that he _______ find anything to charge Jesus with. 6. Jesus is sent to H_____ (another Roman leader), he m______ Jesus; but Jesus says n_______ in response to Herod. Herod then sends Jesus back to P_______.
Pilate Pilate Crowd Can’t Herod Mocks Nothing Pilate
75
The events of Good Friday 7. Jesus is sentenced to d_______. It’s P_________, so they’re aloud to free ___ person. P______ wants to free Jesus, but the crowd d_________ and free a m________.
``` Death Passover One Pilate Disagrees Murderer ```
76
Good Friday is a time of ________ and time of thankfulness. Sadness as Christians remember the _______ that Jesus endured and thankfulness as they think about how he suffered and died as a sign of God’s ______ for all people.
Sadness Suffering Love
77
Good Friday Some people will join __________ around towns where the story of Jesus’ journey to the cross it _____ out or read. In some churches pictures and statues are ________ over and there will be _____ flowers or any other decoration. The priest will wear ______. Why do Christians do this?
``` Processions Acted Covered No Black ``` This helps them remember the sacrifice Jesus made for them on the day of crucifixion.
78
Good Friday In many towns and cities there will be ______ crosses our in a high point on its outskirts. Why do Christians do this?
Three It is seen as a time of mourning.
79
Good Friday Some Christians will ______ on Good Friday. This could mean missing one or more ______ or avoiding some kinds of foods. Why do Christians do this?
Fast Meals This gives Christians a time to quietly reflect on the sacrifice Jesus has made and take part in communion, which was how Jesus told people to remember him.
80
Good Friday Many churches will hold a special _______ on Good Friday. This may be a communion service in the ________ or a time of prayer during the day, especially around _ o’clock as that is about the time of say Jesus ____. Why do Christians do this?
Service Evening 3 Died This is as a reminder of Jesus’ crucifixion between two criminals.
81
Christians commemorate Jesus’ __________ and death on Good Friday, the Friday of Holy ______ and treat it as a day of ________ for Jesus’ death. Christians believe that Jesus’ death, ultimately, had _______ consequences for human beings. They believe that Jesus’ _______ and death were part God’s plan, which can only be understood within the context of what happened _____ Jesus’ death.
``` Crucifixion Week Mourning Good Suffering After ```
82
“... and who through the Spirit of holiness was appointed the Son of God in power by his resurrection from the dead: Jesus Christ our Lord.” (Romans 1:4) What does this show/mean?
Shows Jesus was part of the Trinity. Coming back to life proved Jesus was God. God is the creator.
83
Why would a Christian wear a crucifix?
He has the power to help those who believed in him over come death. They believe he is their saviour. Granted eternal life with God. To remember that Jesus sacrificed himself for other’s sins.
84
Jesus answered “I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes from the Father except through me.” (John 14:6) What does this mean?
Jesus calls himself ‘the life’, this refers to the resurrection. If people ask for Jesus to forgive their sins, he will grant them eternal life in heaven.
85
“After the Lord Jesus had spoken to them, he was taken up into heaven and he sat at the right hand side of God.” (Mark 16:19) What does this mean?
The ascension marks the end of Jesus’ time as the ‘person’ of the Trinity. He had completed everything God the Father has intended him to do and could return to heaven to prepare a place for his followers. Jesus’ ascension prepared the way for the Holy Spirit to come to earth.
86
Christians believe that Jesus suffering ended death had a ________. Christians believe that Jesus was taken into _______, 40 days after his resurrection, in an event known as the ascension. It marked the end of Jesus’ time on earth and the arrival of the Holy Spirit who would _______ him.
Purpose Heaven Replace

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