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Computer Science By BangBus > Paper 2 > Flashcards

Paper 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Check digit

A

A digit calculated using an algorithm and generated using other digits in a sequence

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2
Q

ADC process

A

The analouge signal is sampled at fixed time intervals

The amplitude of a signal wave at each sample point is measured which is then coded in binary

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3
Q

Nyquists theorem

A

Sample rate is double the highest frequency in the original sound

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4
Q

Register

A

Memory location inside a processor

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5
Q

Stored program concept

A

Instructions are stored in main memory
Intructions are fetched, decoded and executed by the processor which allows Programs to be moved in and out of the main memory

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6
Q

Difference between harvard and von neumann

A

Harvard- execution of instructions are faster as fetching of coded and data are simultaneous
Von neumann- instructions and data have combined memory spaces

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7
Q

Immediate addressing

A

When the operand is the datum

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8
Q

Why vernam cypher is secure

A

Nothing can be learnt about the plaintext from the cipher text

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9
Q

Advantage of ssd

A

Produce less heat- makes them comfortable to wear

Are silent- the won’t disturb the users

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10
Q

Reasons for Compressing

A

Files take up less storage

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11
Q

Lossless>lossy

A

Files can be reproduced exactly as it was in the beginning with no loss in quality
No redundant data is lost during the compression process

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12
Q

Logical bus network topology

A

A node sends data to the entire network
All nodes on the network receives the data
A node checks the received data to check if it is the intended recipient
Only one node can successfully transmit data at a time

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13
Q

Performing error detection on a recieved byte

A

If number of 1s recieved is even - data is recieved correctly
If number kf 1s received is odd - data is corrupted

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14
Q

Adavantage of serial over parallel

A

Serial is cheaper - less wire is required

Serial does not suffer from cross talk - there is only one transmission line

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15
Q

Natural numbers and integer numbers

A

Natural - doesnt include negative numbers

Integer - includes negative numbers

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16
Q

Rational and irratianol numbers

A

Rational - can be represented as a fraction

Irrational - cannot be represented as a fraction

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17
Q

Why use hexadecimal

A

More compact when displayed

Easier for the user to intepret

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18
Q

Unicode > ascii

A

It can represent characters from languages all around the world

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19
Q

Sample rate equation

A

Size / (sample resolution x time)

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20
Q

Hardware

A

Physical component of a computer system

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21
Q

Software

A

The instructions that tell a computer what to do

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22
Q

Difference between system and application software

A

System - allows the user to operate a computer

Application - used to carry out tasks that are user oriented

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23
Q

Example of system software

A

Compiler

operation system

24
Q

Why use both magnet disk and ssd

A

Magnet disk - useful for large capacity

SSD - useful for fast access to data

25
Q

Why is it faster to access data from ssd

A

No movable parts

Purely electronic

26
Q

Why use peer to peer instead of client server network

A

Doesnt need a central server

Easier to set up

27
Q

Protocols

A

Set of rules

28
Q

Baud rate

A

Number of signal changes in the medium in a second

29
Q

Bandwith

A

Range of frequencies that can be transmitted accross a network connection

30
Q

Majority bits > parity bits

A

Can detect multiple bit errors

More efficient of detecting errors

31
Q

Difference between machine code and assembly language

A

Machine code is binary/ assembly code is written using mnemonics
Machine code can be executed without needing to be translated whereas assembly language does

32
Q

Similarity and differences of an assembler and compiler

A

Similarity - both convert source code into object code
Differences - compiler is used to convert high level programming code into machine core whereas assembler converts assembly code into machine code

33
Q

Difference between analogue data and digital data

A

Analogue data is continuous data

Digital is stored as binary

34
Q

MIDI > sample sound

A

More compact

Easy to modify

35
Q

Encryption

A

Using an algorithm to convert a message into cipher text

36
Q

Vernam cipher > Caeser cipher

A

Verbam is harder to crack

Doesn’t always translate cipher text to the same plaintext

37
Q

Role of an Operating system

A

To hide complexities of the hardware from the user

38
Q

What does the Operating system manage

A

processors resource

39
Q

Why one processor might be faster than another

A

It can execute insructions quickly dependinng on the clock speed on both processors

40
Q

Physical topology

A

How nodes are physically laid out

41
Q

Logical topology

A

How data flows through a network

42
Q

Difference in interpreter and compiler

A

Compilers:
produce machine code
Translates the whole source code

Interpreter:
Does not produce any object code
Always needs source code at run time

43
Q

Difference in direct and immediate addressing

A

Immediate means when the operand is the datum whereas direct means the operand is the register number of the datum

44
Q

Bit rate

A

Number of bits transferred between devices in one second

45
Q

Latency

A

Time delay before a component in a computer system responds to an instruction

46
Q

How does disabling SSID increase security of a network

A

SSID of the network cannot be seen when they trying to connect to a network
Meaning only trusted users who knows the SSID of the network can connect

47
Q

How does MAC address white list increase security of a wireless network

A

MAC is a unique code that can identify a particular device on a network and whitelisting means that only certain trusted people on an network can access it

48
Q

Why must the data bus in a computer system must be biredirectional

A

When data is needed they have to be transferred from memory to the processor using the data
After the execution, the data needs to be transferred back to memory using the data bus

49
Q

How can bit rate of a communications channel be higher than its baud rate

A

If more than one bit is encoded in each signal

50
Q

How can data be compressed using dictionary based compression

A

Variable length strings of su strings of data are represented by single tokens
A dictionary is formed using the tokens as the key
The strings of symbols are used as the entries

51
Q

Kilobyte/kibibyte

A

1000 bytes / 1024bytes

52
Q

Physical and logical topology

A

Physical - how nodes are physically laid out

Logical - how data flows through a network

53
Q

Physical star topology

A

Every device is connected to a central hub
Every device sends data to the central hub
The hub sends data back to the right recipient

54
Q

Why does some compilers produce byte code as the final output instead of executable code

A

The code may need to run on multiple platforms

55
Q

Imperative high level language code

A

When instructions are executed in a programmer defined order

Computer Science By BangBus (1 decks)

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