Paper 2

Question 1

Scalar quantities

Answer 1

have magnitude only

Question 2

Vector quantities

Answer 2

have magnitude and an associated direction

Question 3

A vector quantity many be represented by

Answer 3

an arrow

Question 4

Examples of contact forces (4)

Answer 4

friction, air resistance, tension, normal contact force

Question 5

Examples of non-contact forces (3)

Answer 5

gravitational force, electrostatic force, magnetic force

Question 6

A number of forces acting on an object may be replaced by a single force that has the same effect as the original forces acting together. This force is called

Answer 6

the resultant force

Question 7

When a force causes an object to move through a distance

Answer 7

work is done on the object

Question 8

One joule of work is done when

Answer 8

a force of 1 newton causes a displacement of 1 metre

Question 9

1 joule =

Answer 9

1 newton-metre

Question 10

The extension of an, such as a spring, is directly proportional to

Answer 10

the force applied (provided that the limit of proportionality is not exceeded)

Question 11

Distance is

Answer 11

how far an object moves

Question 12

Distance does not involve

Answer 12

direction

Question 13

Distance is a

Answer 13

scalar quantity

Question 14

Displacement is a

Answer 14

vector quantity

Question 15

Speed does not involve

Answer 15

direction

Question 16

Speed is a

Answer 16

scalar quantity

Question 17

The velocity of an object is

Answer 17

its speed in a given direction

Question 18

Velocity is a

Answer 18

vector quantity

Question 19

Typical speed of walking is

Answer 19

1.5m/s

Question 20

Typical speed of running is

Answer 20

3m/s

Question 21

Typical speed of cycling is

Answer 21

6m/s

Question 22

Typical value for the speed of sound in air is

Answer 22

330m/s

Question 23

The acceleration of an object can be calculated from

Answer 23

the gradient of a velocity-time graph

Question 24

The distance travelled by an object (displacement) can be calculated from

Answer 24

the area under a velocity-time graph

Question 25

Newtons first law states "If an object is stationary or moving in a straight line,

Answer 25

it will continue to do so unless compelled otherwise"

Question 26

When a vehicle travels at a steady speed

Answer 26

the resistive forces balance the driving force

Question 27

Newtons second law states "Force is proportional to

Answer 27

mass and acceleration". If these get larger the force gets larger

Question 28

Inertial mass is a measure of

Answer 28

how difficult it is the change the velocity of an object

Question 29

Newtons this law states "Whenever two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are

Answer 29

equal and opposite

Question 30

Stopping distance is the sum off

Answer 30

braking distance and thinking distance

Question 31

Thinking distance is

Answer 31

how far you travel between seeing an incident and getting your foot on the brake

Question 32

Braking distance is

Answer 32

how far you travel whilst you are slowing down to a stop

Question 33

Reaction times vary from person to person. Typical values range from

Answer 33

0.2s to 0.9s

Question 34

A drivers reaction time can be effected by (3)

Answer 34

tiredness, drugs, alcohol

Question 35

The braking distance of a vehicle can be effected by (2)

Answer 35

weather conditions, condition of the vehicle

Question 36

Conservation of momentum is

Answer 36

the total momentum before an event is equal to the total momentum after the event

Question 37

Longitudinal waves show

Answer 37

areas of compression and rarefaction

Question 38

Sound waves traveling through the air are

Answer 38

longitudinal

Question 39

Transverse waves are waves where

Answer 39

the energy transfer is perpendicular to the vibration of the medium

Question 40

The amplitude of a wave is

Answer 40

the maximum displacement of a point on a wave away from its undisturbed position

Question 41

The wavelength of a wave is

Answer 41

the distance from a point on one wave to the equivalent point on the adjacent wave

Question 42

The frequency of a wave is

Answer 42

the number of waves passing a point each second

Question 43

Electromagnetic waves are

Answer 43

transverse waves

Question 44

Different substances may absorb, transmit, refract, or reflect

Answer 44

electromagnetic waves in ways which vary with wavelength

Question 45

Some effects, for example refraction, are due to

Answer 45

the difference in velocity of the waves in different substances

Question 46

Radio waves can be produced by

Answer 46

oscillations in electrical circuits

Question 47

When radio waves are absorbed they may create

Answer 47

an alternating current with the same frequency as the radio wave itself (this is how we transmit music)

Question 48

Radio waves are used for

Answer 48

television, radio

Question 49

Microwaves are used for

Answer 49

satellite communications, cooking food

Question 50

Infrared is used for

Answer 50

electrical heaters, cooking food, infrared cameras

Question 51

Visible light is used for

Answer 51

fibre optic communications

Question 52

Ultraviolet light is used for

Answer 52

energy efficient lights, sun tanning

Question 53

X-rays and gamma rays are used for

Answer 53

medical imaging, medical treatment

Question 54

The poles of a magnet are the places where

Answer 54

the magnetic forces are strongest

Question 55

A magnetic compass contains a small

Answer 55

bar magnet

Question 56

A compass needle points in the direction of

Answer 56

the Earths magnetic field

Question 57

When a current flows through a conducting wire

Answer 57

a magnetic field is produced around the wire (Right hand grip rule)

Question 58

The magnetic field around a solenoid has a similar shape to

Answer 58

that of a bar magnet

Question 59

An electromagnet is

Answer 59

a solenoid with an iron core

Question 60

When a live conductor is placed in a magnetic field

Answer 60

the magnet creating the field and the conductor exert a force on each other (motor effect)(Flemmings left hand rule)