PAPER 2 - LAST MIN STUFF

Question 1

Compare rate of blood flow DURING exercise with blood flow at rest

Answer 1

• Blood flow through the brain stays the same
• Blood flow through muscles are increased
• Blood flow through digestive system is decreased

Question 2

In the practical investigating respiration describe a suitable control

Answer 2

Question 3

What is Fick’s law?

Answer 3

Question 4

Explain how shivering can help a person regulate their body temperature

Answer 4

Question 5

Describe what happens to urea as the blood passes through the dialysis machine

Answer 5

Question 6

Why can a twin sister be a suitable kidney donor

Answer 6

• Kidney is less likely to be rejected
• Cells will have similar DNA
• Cells will not cause an immune response

Question 7

Factors affecting diabetes?

Answer 7

• Age
• Diet
• Genetic makeup

Question 8

Explain effect of type 2 diabetes on the body

Answer 8

Question 9

Explain how sweating helps to cool the body

Answer 9

Question 10

Function of spongey mesophyll

Answer 10

• Gas exchange
• So Co2/o2 can leave the cells

Question 11

Why does blood flow increase to the muscles during exercise

Answer 11

Question 12

Why does the blood flow to the brain stay the same during exercise?

Answer 12

Brain needs a constant amount of glucose and oxygen to function

Question 13

Why does blood flow to other organs decrease during exercise?

Answer 13

• Allow more blood flow to the working muscles
• Allow for more respiration in muscles

Question 14

Why do some peoples legs cramp when they were running?

Answer 14

• Anaerobic respiration occurs
• Not enough oxygen gets to muscles
• Lactic acid produced

Question 15

How are alveoli adapted for gas exchange?

Answer 15

• Large surface area
• Moist
• Good blood supply
• Thin membrane

Question 16

Factors affecting diffusion rate?

Answer 16

• Surface area
• Concentration difference
• Thickness of membrane

Question 17

Why is cellular respiration is essential for living organisms

Answer 17

Question 18

Shape of red blood cell?

Answer 18

Biconcave

Question 19

Structure of red blood cells:

Answer 19

• Contains haemoglobin
• Biconcave disc shape
• Smooth
• No nucleus

Question 20

Structure of white blood cells:

Answer 20

• Has nucleus
• Flexible membranes
• Receptors on membrane

Question 21

Explain why red blood cells cannot be stored in pure water

Answer 21

• Water will move into the red blood cells
• By osmosis
• Against a concentration gradient

Question 22

Purpose of septum

Answer 22

Stops oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood from mixing

Question 23

Explain how a plant hormone causes these shoots to grow towards the light

Answer 23

Question 24

Explain how plant hormones work as weed killers

Answer 24

Question 25

Explain why the area labelled as the consumer is smaller than the area labelled producer in a energy pyramid

Answer 25

Question 26

Explain how eutrophication will affect the fish living in the lakes

Answer 26

Question 27

What is **clomifene therapy**?

Answer 27

Introduces hormones into the body

Question 28

What is **IVF**?

Answer 28

* Involves fertilisation outside of the body * Fertilised egg cell can be directly implanted into the uterus

Question 29

Explain the effect of adrenalin on liver cells during exercise

Answer 29

Question 30

When **resting metabolic rate** measured?

Answer 30

* Body at rest * Warm room * Long after person had a meal

Question 31

What processes happened if energy of an animal is not transferred?

Answer 31

* Respiration * Heat * Movement

Question 32

Why are **these animals** classed as parasites?

Answer 32

Question 33

Describe a sampling technique to find the mean number of female glow-worms in a field

Answer 33

Question 34

Give two reasons why all the biomass from the krill is not transferred to the cod

Answer 34

Question 35

Explain why grass does not grow where there are nettles

Answer 35

Question 36

Relationship where both animals benefit

Answer 36

Mutualistic

Question 37

Kidney failure treatments?

Answer 37

* Organ donation * Dialysis

Question 38

**Dialysis** consequences

Answer 38

* Increased risk of infection * Regular trips to hospital

Question 39

**Organ donation** consequences

Answer 39

* Needs to take Immunosuppressant drugs * Risk of organ rejection

Question 40

Where is **urea** produced

Answer 40

Liver

Question 41

Glucagon

Answer 41

Hormone - low blood glucose

Question 42

Where is **glucagon** released from?

Answer 42

Pancreas

Question 43

What bacteria are in the nitrogen cycle

Answer 43

* Decomposers * Nitrifying bacteria * Denitrifying bacteria * Nitrogen fixing bacteria

Question 44

What are **nitrifying bacteria** for?

Answer 44

Make nitrates

Question 45

What are **denitrifying bacteria** for?

Answer 45

Release nitrogen

Question 46

What are **nitrogen fixing bacteria** for?

Answer 46

Convert nitrogen into nitrates

Question 47

What are **Decomposers** for?

Answer 47

Break down waste matter into ammonia

Question 48

Where is **TRH** PRODUCED from

Answer 48

Hypothalamus

Question 49

Where is **TSH** RELEASED from

Answer 49

Pituitary

Question 50

**Low** levels of **thyroxine**?

Answer 50

Question 51

**oestrogen** purpose

Answer 51

Repairing and thickening the uterus lining

Question 52

**LH** purpose

Answer 52

Stimulates the release of the egg

Question 53

**FSH** purpose

Answer 53

Maturation of an egg in the ovary

Question 54

What is **lichen** an indicator of?

Answer 54

Sulphur dioxide pollution in the air

Question 55

Xylem vs phloem

Answer 55