Paper 2- Unit 7b Organic reactions (Triple Only)

Question 1

General formula for an alkene

Answer 1

Cn H2n

Question 2

Test for an alkene

Answer 2

Add bromine water

goes orange to colourless

Question 3

Alkenes are…

Answer 3

unsaturated hydrocarbons

containing C=C bonds

Question 4

Alkene + oxygen –>

Answer 4

Alkene + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water

Question 5

Alkenes burn with a smoky flame due to…

Answer 5

incomplete combustion

Question 6

What is incomplete combustion?

Answer 6

when there is little oxygen

to burn with a fuel

Question 7

Alkenes react with hydrogen to produce

Answer 7

Alkanes

Question 8

Alkenes react with halogens to produce

Answer 8

Halogenoalkanes

Question 9

What is the name of reaction when a substance is added to the alkene double bond?

Answer 9

Addition

Question 10

What is an addition reaction?

Answer 10

When a substances is added

to the C=C of an alkane

Question 11

Alkene + water (steam) –>

Answer 11

Alkene + water (steam) –> Alcohol

Question 12

Name this reaction

ethene + water (steam) –> ethanol

Answer 12

Hydration of ethene

to produce ethanol

Question 13

How do alkenes reaction?

Answer 13

C=C bond is broken

addition reactions

Question 14

What is the functional group of an alcohol?

Answer 14

-OH

Question 15

Which type of compounds has the group -OH

Answer 15

alcohol

Question 16

Which type of compound has the group C=C

Answer 16

alkene

Question 17

What is the functional group of an alkene?

Answer 17

C=C

Question 18

2 ways to produce ethanol

Answer 18

Fermentation of glucose

hydration of ethene

Question 19

Name the reaction

Glucose –> ethanol

Answer 19

Fermentation

Question 20

Conditions of fermentation

Answer 20

Glucose

mixed with yeast

at 37 oC

anerobically

Question 21

Conditions of hydration of ethene

Answer 21

Steam (water vapour)

high temperature

with a catalyst (phosphoric acid)

Question 22

Name the first 4 alcohols

Answer 22

methanol
ethanol
propanol
butanol

Question 23

Alcohol + oxygen –>

Answer 23

Alcohol + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water

Question 24

Alcohol oxidised to produce

Answer 24

carboxylic acids

Question 25

Functional group of a carboxylic acid

Answer 25

-COOH

Question 26

Which compounds has the functional group -COOH?

Answer 26

Carboxylic acids

Question 27

Name the first 4 carboxylic acids

Answer 27

methanoic acid ethanoic acid propanoic acid butanoic acid

Question 28

Carboxylic acid + carbonate -->

Answer 28

Carboxylic acid + carbonate --> salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 29

Carboxylic acid + alcohol-->

Answer 29

Carboxylic acid + alcohol--> ester + water

Question 30

Ethanol + ethanoic acid -->

Answer 30

Ethyl Ethanoate

Question 31

Carboxylic acids are weak acids because...

Answer 31

They only partially ionise in water not all H+ ions are dissociated

Question 32

Ethene polymerises to make

Answer 32

poly(ethene)

Question 33

Propene polymerisaes to make

Answer 33

poly(propene)

Question 34

Define addition polymerisation

Answer 34

many monomers (small molecules) join (react) to form a polymer (large molecule)

Question 35

monomer

Answer 35

small molecule

Question 36

polymer

Answer 36

very large molecule

Question 37

Why do polymers have higher melting points than monomers?

Answer 37

polymers have stronger intermolecular forces between the molecules as they are bigger/more atoms

Question 38

Common natural polymers of glucose amino acid nucleotide glucose (in plants)

Answer 38

Common natural polymers of glucose- starch amino acid- protein nucleotide- DNA glucose (in plants)- cellulose

Question 39

Condensation polymerisation

Answer 39

monomers with two functional groups react to produce a polymer losing a small molecule

Question 40

Amino acids react to prdouce

Answer 40

proteins (polypeptides)

Question 41

DNA stands for

Answer 41

Deoxyribosenucleic acid

Question 42

monomer of DNA

Answer 42

nucleotides

Question 43

Describe the structure of DNA

Answer 43

Two polymer strands in a double helix held together by hydrogen bonds

Question 44

What is DNA?

Answer 44

Naturally occurring polymer that encodes genetic instruction in living organisms and viruses