Paper 5 MCQS Flashcards
(40 cards)
Dopamine:
a) may produce ventricular arrhythmias
b) increases mesenteric blood flow at high doses
c) crosses the blood/brain barrier
d) is synthesised from L-dopa
e) is inactivated in alkaline solution
TFFTT
The following increase the amount of calcium in cardiac muscle:
a) halothane
b) adrenaline
c) diltiazem
d) nifedipine
e) trimetaphan
FTFFF
The following can be used safely in a patient on a monoamine oxidase inhibitor:
a) morphine
b) pethidine
c) norepinephrine
d) amphetamine
e) epinephrine
TFTFT
Hyoscine hydrobromide causes:
a) antiemesis
b) somnolence
c) pupillary dilatation
d) tachycardia
e) extrapyramidal symptoms
TTTFF
Clonidine:
a) is an alpha-2 receptor agonist
b) is a dopamine antagonist
c) causes tachycardia
d) inhibits salivation
e) reduces the minimum alveolar concentration of halothane
TFFTT
Hydralazine:
a) is metabolised by acetylation
b) is destroyed by plasma cholinesterase
c) can cause a lupus-like syndrome
d) stimulates the baroreceptor reflex
e) is contraindicated in pregnancy
TFTTF
The following are prodrugs:
a) suxamethonium
b) diamorphine
c) captopril
d) paracetamol
e) enalapril
FTFFT
The following drugs penetrate the blood/brain barrier:
a) physostigmine
b) dopamine
c) propranolol
d) Glycopyrrolate
e) norepinephrine
TFTFF
Naloxone:
a) is an agonist at K receptors
b) is an antagonist at mu receptors
c) reverses ventilatory depression due to morphine
d) may precipitate opiate withdrawal symptoms
e) may cause pulmonary oedema
FTTTT
The following are precursors of epinephrine:
a) tyrosine
b) phenylalanine
c) dopamine
d) isoprenaline
e) norepinephrine
TTTFT
The following affect gastric emptying:
a) diamorphine
b) diazepam
c) metoclopramide
d) cisapride
e) omeprazole
TFTTF
Chlorpromazine:
a) can cause dystonic reactions
b) antagonises apomorphine-induced vomiting
c) is a dopamine antagonist at the chemoreceptor trigger zone
d) is a weak alpha adrenergic agonist
e) undergoes extensive first pass metabolism
TTTFT
Alfentanil:
a) is less lipid soluble than fentanyl
b) relaxes the sphincter of Oddi
c) has active metabolites
d) has a large volume of distribution
e) causes analgesia without sedation
TFFFF
Folic acid metabolism is impaired by:
a) nitrous oxide
b) sodium nitroprusside
c) sulphonamides
d) penicillin
e) trimethoprim
TFTFT
Significant agonist activity at opioid receptors occurs with:
a) clonidine
b) pentazocine
c) buprenorphine
d) ketamine
e) naloxone
FTTFF
Drug clearance by the body:
a) only refers to elimination by the kidney
b) refers to the volume of blood cleared of the drug in unit time
c) cannot exceed the glomerular filtration rate
d) may be influenced by renal tubular secretion
e) is the same as creatinine clearance
FTFTF
Dopexamine:
a) causes arterial vasoconstriction
b) is an agonist at dopaminergic D1 and D2 receptors
(c) increases the force of myocardial contraction
(d) increases renal blood flow
(e) causes arrhythmias
FFTTT
Sodium valproate:
a) is effective in grand mal epilepsy
b) is effective in petit mal epilepsy
c) is safe in patients with liver disease
d) should not be given to children
e) increases brain concentrations of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)
TTFFT
The Chi-squared test:
a) is used to compare the frequencies of occurrence
b) requires the standard error of the mean to be calculated
c) does not require a knowledge of the number of degrees of freedom
d) should not be used for data with small groups
e) does not involve the null hypothesis
TFFTF
A placebo effect:
a) may occur in either treatment or control groups
b) occurs only in mentally ill patients
c) is likely to occur repeatedly in placebo reactors
d) can occur in up to 35% of patients
e) is not seen in double-blind trials
TFTTF
In calculating the shunt fraction, the following need to be measured or estimated:
a) mixed venous oxygen content
b) pulmonary end-capillary oxygen content
c) arterial oxygen content
d) alveolar partial pressure of oxygen
e) haemoglobin concentration
TTTTT
Pulse pressure increases with an increase in:
a) stroke volume
b) left ventricular end-diastolic volume
c) arterial partial pressure of oxygen
d) systemic vascular resistance
e) blood viscosity
TTFFF
Acute untreated haemorrhagic shock in a patient will lead to:
a) an increase in physiological dead-space
b) an increase in the arterio-venous PCO2 difference
c) a fall in the pulmonary vascular volume
d) an increase in antidiuretic hormone secretion
e) an increase in plasma bicarbonate concentration
TFTTF
An increase in aldosterone secretion follows:
a) a sodium chloride load
b) a rise in blood volume
c) an increase in oral potassium absorption
d) trauma
e) an increase in production of angiotensin II
FFTTT
