Paper 6 Flashcards by Al Cnr

Q

What the process used to extract aluminium from its ore

A

Electrolysis

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Q

Name material used to create electrodes

A

Carbon

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Q

Stage one major cost that makes electrolysis more expensive than the extraction of iron

A

Electricity

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Q

Stage two characteristics of homologous series

A

Same or similar chemical properties/same functional group

Gradation in physical properties

Neighbouring/successive members differ by CH2

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Q

Name the homologous series to which ethene belongs

A

Alkenes

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Q

What is the general formula for Alkenes

A

CNH2N

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Q

Describe the shape of a methane molecule

A

Tetrahedral

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Q

What are isomers?

A

COMPOUNDS with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

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Q

How many electrons are there in the outer shell of an atom in group two of the periodic table?

A

2

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Q

Magnesium is in group 2.

Write the electronic configuration of an atom of magnesium.

A

2,8,2

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Q

A student adds a piece of calcium to some cold water in a beaker. The products of the reaction are calcium hydroxide and hydrogen. Some of the calcium hydroxide dissolves in the water and some does not.

Describe two observations that the student could make during the reaction.

A

Effervescence
Cloudy colour formed
Calcium gets smaller/disappears (ignore dissolves)
Calcium moves up and down

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Q

Give the formula calcium hydroxide

A

Ca(OH)2

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Q

A student adds a piece of calcium to some cold water in a beaker. The products of the reaction are calcium hydroxide and hydrogen. Some of the calcium hydroxide dissolves in the water and some does not

When the reaction is complete, a piece of litmus paper is added to the solution in the beaker. State the final colour of the litmus paper and what that indicates about the solution.

A

Final colour of litmus: blue

What this colour indicates: alkaline

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Q

State the colour of magnesium

A

Silver/grey

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Q

State the colour of magnesium oxide

A

White

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Q

state two ways in which hydrogen can be collected

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A

Over water
Gas syringe
Upward delivery

Q

Hydrogen can be burned.

Write a word equation for his reaction.

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A

Hydrogen + oxygen –> water

Q

Solution: Colour: Add NaOH: HNO3+AgNO3
A. Colourless. Pungent gas. White ppt
B. Blue. Blue ppt. No change
C. Colourless. No change. No change
D. Green. Green ppt. White ppt

What is the pungent gas formed by solution A?

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A

Ammonia NH3

Q

Solution: Colour: Add NaOH: HNO3+AgNO3
A. Colourless. Pungent gas. White ppt
B. Blue. Blue ppt. No change
C. Colourless. No change. No change
D. Green. Green ppt. White ppt

Which ion must be present in solution a for the white precipitate to form?

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A

Chloride Cl-

Q

Solution: Colour: Add NaOH: HNO3+AgNO3
A. Colourless. Pungent gas. White ppt
B. Blue. Blue ppt. No change
C. Colourless. No change. No change
D. Green. Green ppt. White ppt

Which ion must be present in B for the blue precipitate to form?

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A

Copper Cu2+

Q

Solution: Colour: Add NaOH: HNO3+AgNO3
A. Colourless. Pungent gas. White ppt
B. Blue. Blue ppt. No change
C. Colourless. No change. No change
D. Green. Green ppt. White ppt

Which ion must be present in D for the green precipitate to form?

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A

Iron (II)

Q

Solution: Colour: Add NaOH: HNO3+AgNO3
A. Colourless. Pungent gas. White ppt
B. Blue. Blue ppt. No change
C. Colourless. No change. No change
D. Green. Green ppt. White ppt

Which compound in the list can be identified using barium chloride solution?

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A

Copper sulphate CuSO4

Q

Solution: Colour: Add NaOH: HNO3+AgNO3
A. Colourless. Pungent gas. White ppt
B. Blue. Blue ppt. No change
C. Colourless. No change. No change
D. Green. Green ppt. White ppt

State one compound in the list that can be identified using a flame test.

State the colour of the flame.

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A

Compound: copper sulphate CuSO4

Flame colour: blue/green

Q

Silver nitrate solution is added to a solution of lithium iodide.

Describe what is seen.

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A

Yellow/white ppt

Silver nitrate solution is added to a solution of lithium iodide. Write the chemical equation, including state symbols, for this reaction

AgNO3(aq) + LiI (aq) --> AgI(s) + LiNO3(aq)

A crystal of copper sulphate is dropped into a test tube full of water. The Crystal sinks to the bottom and start to dissolve , turning the water blue. Name the process that occurs after the copper sulphate has dissolved.

Diffusion

Describe how the process of diffusion occurs

Particles moving randomly from areas of high concentration to low concentration

Describe what you would see as ammonia solution is added to copper sulphate solution (3 marks)

Blue (1) precipitate (1) formed Solution dissolves

Describe what is seen on a small piece of sodium is dropped into water. (3 marks)

``` Float on surface A further sense Move/dart about Melt Sodium get smaller/disappears (IGNORE DISSOLVES) ```

Write a chemical equation for the reaction between sodium and water

2Na + 2H2O --> 2NaOH + H2

Describe, in terms of electrons, what happens when sodium atoms react with oxygen atoms (3 marks)

Sodium loses 1 electron Oxygen gains 2 electrons

Explain why sodium oxide has a high melting point (3 marks)

Strong attractive forces(1) between ions (1) Requires a lot of energy to overcome/difficult to break

Suggest why magnesium oxide has a higher melting point than sodium oxide

Stronger attractive forces/bonding Magnesium ion 2+ whereas sodium ion is 1+

Describe how are you could make a dry sample of magnesium chloride crystals from magnesium carbonate and dilutes hydrochloric acid. (5 marks)

Add excess solution Stir/mix Heat or evaporate Dry crystals Filter

Sulphuric acid is neutralised by sodium hydroxide. Front of the limit is added. What colour changes seem in the acid is neutralised?

Colourless to pink