Paper terms Flashcards
(20 cards)
π diff
Lower when gene is under selection
Genomic sweep
One allele with fitness will increase in frequency and drag along areas near it; genetic diversity is lost due to hitchhiking
Linkage group
Ways to physically link scaffolds to chromosome
Scaffolds
Stretch of DNA that do on genome
Sexual selection
Not a factor of genetic differences; females want to strengthen pull to make things different to each other
GO term
Outlier sequence, more than expected; assigns gene to a classification based on function
GO enrichment analysis
Expected amount of each GO term, based on all GO terms of gene on genome
Enrichment analysis
Compares to known genomic and see if particular terms are over or under represented
Expected distribution
Frequency of GO term across whole genome
Observed distribution
Frequency of GO term across sequenced region
WGS
Makes it easier to see divergence between species
HDR
Window of genome where a high differentiation is in populations of interest (outliers)
Adaptive divergence
2 populations diverge due to particular environment
Island speciation
Islands where 2 species are different and other phenotypes are phased out; they share a single common ancestor
ANCOVA
Analysis of anatomical differences
PCA
Principal components analysis, converts possibly correlated variables into uncorrelated variables; collapses to fewer variables. Removes correlations among SNPs, each principal component is the most variation in the data
fineSTRUCTURE
Evidence of second gene flow
Fst
fixation index (0=same, 1=completely different) can detect hotspots; pairwise comparisons measuring amount of genetic dissimilarity
Dxy
Absolute sequence divergence; better for picking up gene flow; if this and fst high, no genes are being exchanged (specification) and low gene flow
T-value
Measures how extreme a statistical estimate is
