parasites Flashcards
(29 cards)
An enteric infection with amoeba’s- entamoeba histolytica- results in?
Dysentery- bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, cramps, colitits. Via forming flask-shaped ulcers in gut
How does spread occur with entamoeba hisolytica?
fecal oral ingestion of cysts, spreading frequently to liver
How do we diagnose and treat amoeba dysentery?
microscopy analysis of stool; metronidazole
What illness does Giardia Lambli cause?
mild diarrhea to severe (cramps, gas and steatorrhea for long period of time)
How is Giardia Lambli encountered?
spread via human fecal oral/sexual/sanitation/water route, or sylvan cycle from animals
stomach acid converts it to trophozite from a cyst, then it Attaches to small intestine.
How do we diagnose and treat giardi lamblia?
stool cysts, sting test
metronidazole
Plasmodia- malaria- encountered via what route? how does it multiply?
mosquito- sporozoite
Enters circulation then multiplies in liver where then renter circulation infecting RBC-merozoites.
what kind of damage does plasmodium species cause?
lyses hepatocytes and RBCs
plugs up capillaries via higher adherance (falci)
Diagnosing malaria via? Treatment?
microscopic blood smear analysis: ringed RBCs and high number of infected RBC.
tx: chloroquine and primaquine
What organism causes Chaga’s disease? What are the symptoms?
trypanosoma cruzi- encountered in S/C/N america
acute: rash, facial edema, flu-like symptoms, chronic: GI tract nerve damage, and heart conductive problems
How does trypanosoma cruzi enter a host and multiply? How does it cause damage?
defecates on a wound release trpomastigotes, invades cells and replicate within after becoming amastigotes.
causes fibrosis and nerve damage
How is chagas disease diagnosed? Treatment?
need serology and blood smear microscopy
none?
What kind of infection does a roundworm cause? How is it contracted?
enterobius vermicularis- perianal itching
ingestion of egg, then the larvae move some small to large intestine and doesnt spread from there, except to lay eggs at anus at night.
Does roundworm move to new hosts? How? Treatment?
Yes, via scratching and autoinfection from unhygiene methods
Tx: mebendazole
What does hookworm do? Anything commonly occuring post/during hookwarm infection?
allergic reaction after skin infection, migrates to lung causing pneumonitis, or Gi causing nausea and vomiting and diarrhea. Anemia.
hyperinfection- bacterial- GI bc of invasion
How is hookworm encountered?
human feces in warm soil/animals, penetrating intact skin and spreads throughout body
diagnosis and treatment for hookworm?
stool microscopic evaluation,
thiabenzadole
What bug causes dog/cat hookworm?
ancylostoma braziliense penetrates skin
What causes dog/cat ascarid worms?
toxocara canis, T.cati
oral entry and spread through tissues as larva
Tapeworms
ingested in meat as larvae/egg and spreads to intestines
What insect transmits leishmaniasis?
poop
what are the symptoms of malaria/plasmodium infection?
fever, chills, rigor every 38-46 hours
Difference between P. vivax and P. falciparum?
falciparum- more dangerous, sticks to capillaries, no schnuffner spots
vivix- infects younger RBCs and lower # of infected RBC
Difference between T. cruzi and T.brucei?
cruzi is intracellular during human infection, brucei is extracellular during human infection
