Parasites and Anesthesia Quiz Flashcards
(56 cards)
Skin Scraping
-fur loss and itchiness/crustiness
-massage skin, isolate between fingers, scrape superficially (new, wide blade scalpel)
-examine under microscope with mineral oil
-avoid center of irritation
Flea Comb
-flea, flea dirt (flea poop….digested blood)
-remove fly eggs with mascara brush
-topical treatments: revolution, advantage, ovitrol, capstar, diatomaceous earth
Skin Biopsy
-suspected skin parasite
-local or general anesthetic
-close with sutures; treat as surgical area/procedure
Lice vs. Mites
mites are much smaller
Tick Removal
-remove with forceps
-send off in vial with alcohol-soaked gauze and paperwork
Maggot (fly larvae)
-consume living tissue, usually found in large wounds
-physical removal, evaluate tissue, +/- capstar topically or PO
Swab Examination
-swab area with cotton-tipped applicator
-wet mount, roll on glass slide, stain, examine, or transport media in tube
Crop Swab
-cotton swab soaked in warm water/saline, swab crop or mouth, squeeze drop on slide and examine
Washes
-pass feeding/gavage tube, infuse warm fluid into crop, aspirate, wet mount (trichomonads) or stain
-extend neck gently when performing wash
Direct Fecal Examination
tiny amount of feces + drop of saline, mix together on slide, can be examined immediately or stained
Passive Fecal Float
-mix feces with zinc sulfate, sodium nitrate, or sheather’s sugar
-most eggs float within 10-15 minutes…trapped by cover slip
Fecal Centrifugation
-increases number of eggs that float, more sensitive, but time-consuming
NPS
no parasites seen
Lice
-biting/chewing lice (mammals) or sucking lice (birds)
-itching fur/feather loss, skin inflammation
-treat with scalex or ovitrol…spray gauze and wipe
-ivermectin PO or SQ (overdose toxicity danger)
Mites
-associated with mange…itching, fur loss, crusting
-confirmed by skin scrape or biopsy
-secondary infection common
-treatment ivermectin, selamectin, tresaderm (ears)
Mange
poor hair coat accompanying infestation
Mites (Demodex)
-normal inhabitant of hair follicles in mammals
-disease if poor nutrition, weak immune systems, concurrent disease
-accompanied by fur loss, flaky skin, scabs
Mites (Knemidocoptes)
-scaly leg or face mite
-featherless areas (face, legs, feet)
-burrows into skin
Mites (Cheyletialla)
-“walking dandruff”
-common in rabbits
“Bird Mites”
-common in nests/nestlings
-short-lived w/o birds (days)
Fipronil
-topical control product used for ticks
-toxic to rabbits
Flies
-usually species specific
-blood loss, especially in weak (can carry mites and lice)
-topical sprays or physical removal
Capstar
-1 tablet (11.4mg) crushed, add to 10 ml water
-PO at 1 ml/kg
Bot Flies
-lay eggs near dens, animals pick up, larvae hatch, migrate to SQ area, grow w/ breathing hole, fall out
