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vt8 final review > parasitology > Flashcards

parasitology Flashcards

(88 cards)

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1
Q

demodex (follicular mange mite)

A

spends life on skin of host, hair folicles, sebaceous glands
egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph
causes DEMODICOSIS

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2
Q

demodex two forms

A

localized: patchy alopecia, face muzzle, forelimbs, commonly seen in puppies, transmitted form dam to pup during nursing
generalized: alopecia over entire body, erythema , secondary skin infections follow

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3
Q

demodex diagnosis

A

skin scrape areas of alopecia

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4
Q

demodex treatment

A

localized: resolved with no treatment: goodwinol ointment , topical antibiotics
generalized: avoid cortisone, IVERMECTIN traditional; amitraz

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5
Q

cheyletiella spp. (rabbit fur mite)

A

ZOONOTIC “walking dandruff”

large hook like mouth parts

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6
Q

cheyletiella species affected

A

rabbits, felines, guinea pigs, canines

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7
Q

cheyletiella life cycle

A

spends entire life on host
resides in keratin layer of skin
egg, larva, nymph, adult

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8
Q

cheyletiella clinical dz

A

ptutitis, dorsal scaling and alopecia

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9
Q

cheyletiella diagnoses

A

superficial skin scraping, cellophane tape prep, rough brushing then examination of dandruff

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10
Q

cheyletiella treatment

A

IVERMECTIN, lime sulfur dip

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11
Q

cheyletiella canine only treatment

A

AMITRAZ (MITABIN dip), pyrethrins

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12
Q

gasterophilus spp. (horse bot)

A

adult fly: ectoparasite

larvae: endoparasite

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13
Q

gasterophilus spp species affected

A

equine

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14
Q

gasterophilus spp life cycle

A

female deposits eggs on hair coat of front legs, larvae hatch and await for horse to groom, larvae enter mouth and burrow into tongue, cheeks, and lips

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15
Q

gasterophilus spp, 3 larval stages

A

larvae enter mouth, larvae swallowed into stomach, larvae detaches;passes in feces and pupates in soil, adults emerge from soil

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16
Q

gasterophilus spp. clinical dz

A

generally non pathogenic, rarely cause perforating gastric ulcer

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17
Q

gasterophilus diagnosis

A

examination of white eggs attached to leg haircoat

examination of immature larvae in feces

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18
Q

gasterophilus spp treatment

A

oral IVERMECTIN

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19
Q

sarcoptes scabiei (sarcoptic mange mite)

A

ZOONOTIC , oval in shape, long unjointed pedicals with suckers at ends

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20
Q

sarcoptes scabiei species effected

A

distinct mite for different species most common in canines

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21
Q

sarcoptes scabiei life cycle

A

adults mate on surface of skin, females burrow in epidermis where they deposit eggs, eggs hatch into larvae; they may stay in burrow or wander on skin surface, larvae molts into nymph in burrows, nymph molts into adult in burrows an cycle repeats

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22
Q

sarcoptes scabiei clinical dz

A

scabies, pruritis , alopecia

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23
Q

sarcoptes scabiei transmission

A

requires direct contact with host very contagious

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24
Q

sarcoptes scabiei diagnosis

A

skin scraping PEDAL PINNA REFLEX TEST

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25
sarcoptes scabiei treatment
all dogs in household should be treated , antibiotics for secondary infections IVERMECTIN AVOID IN HERDING BREEDS
26
sarcoptes scabiei treatment for herding breeds
selamectin (REVOLUTION)
27
mallophaga (biting lice)
smaller than sucking lice, large round heads , mandible like mouthparts for chewing
28
anoplura (sucking lice)
larger in size then biting lice
29
mallophaga species effected
dogs cats birds
30
anoplura species effected
infest all species except birds and felines
31
anoplura and mallophaga life cycle
egg, nymph, adult eggs called "nits"
32
anoplura and mallophaga clinical dz
infestation called pediculosis | local irritation, anemia(anoplura)
33
anoplura and mallophaga diagnosis
examination of hair coat or feathers | remove louse and place in drop of mineral oil on glass slide , examine
34
anoplura and mallophaga treatment
topical insecticides
35
cuterebar spp. (wolf warble) aka rodent bot fly species affected
rodents (usual host), rabbits, occasionally canines, felines
36
cuterebar spp life cycle
adults lay egg in soil near rodent burrow or rabit den larvae hatch and crawl onto skin of host investigating burrow/den larvae enter body through mouth and nose of host once inside larvae migrate to subcutaneous tissue of neck or face larvae live in SC pseudocyst with fistula, migration can be fatal if its in brain
37
cuterebar spp clinical dz
tissue irritation , swollen cysts like subcutaneous lesions
38
cuterebar spp treament
surgical extraction of larvae , wound management
39
cuterebar spp diagnosis
observation of swollen lesion with fistula
40
hypoderma spp (ox warble), (cattle grub), HEEL FLIES
attach to hair onlegs
41
hypoderma spp description/ species affected
adults resemble bumble bee cattle horses not normally efected but but happens
42
hypoderma spp life cycle
adults attach eggs to hair on legs cattle , larvae travel to base of tsil hair shaft and penetrate skin, travel migrate to subq tissue of back, larvae create fistula in skin of dorsum through whuch they will later exit and fall to the ground
43
hypoderma spp clincial disease
cyst like boil like swelling on back, tissue damage ,
44
hypoderma spp diagnosis
examination of large cyst lesions on dorsum with fistulas | irritation causes cattle to gallop with tail held high "gadding"
45
hypoderma spp treatment
IVERMECTIN or insecticides if larvae have not yet migrated to dorsum , surgical removal or larvae
46
oxyuris equi (equine pinworm) species effected
equine
47
oxyuris equi life cycle
adult female worms are found protruding from anus, eggs are laid on perianal skin or passed in feces, environmrntal temps cause eggs to embryonate, once swallowed larva penetrate colon and mature
48
oxyuris equi diagnosis
cellophane tape, fecal floatztion
49
oxyuris equi treatment
moxidectin, piperazine, pyrantel
50
toxocara canis (canine roundworm) life cycle ASCARIDS , true roundworm
adults found in small intestine , eggs passed in feces , larvae begins to devrlop in egg(2nd stage)INFECTIVE STAGE pupppies under 3 months , once ingested larva hatch in small intestine, migrate in to blood stream then into lungs, larva develops then coughed up and re swallowed, returns to small intestine and matures into adult cycle repeats
51
toxocara canis intermediate host
small mammals
52
toxocra canis transmission
transplacental, transmammary
53
toxocara cati transmission
transmammary
54
toxocaris leonina transmission
neither transmammary or transplacental
55
toxocaeiasis
visceral larval migrans, ocular larval migrans
56
ancyclostoma caninum (hookworm) life cycle
adults found in small intestine attached to mucosa as they suvk blood, unembryonated egg passed in feces, external environmental triggers embryo develop into larva, larva hatch from egg and molts 3 times 3rd STAGE INFECTIVE
57
acyclostoma caninum pregnant females
transplacental
58
ancyclostoma caninum after birth
transmammary
59
ancyclostoma treatment
fenbendazole (Panacur), pyrantel, ivermectin | prevention; milbemycin (Interceptor)
60
ancyclostoma caninum zoonotic potential
cutaneous larval migrans
61
otodectes cynotis (ear mite) diagnosis
microscopic examination of exudate mites often mobile! | mites can be seen as small white dot with naked eye, confirmation possible only via microscopic analysis
62
otodectes cynotis treatment
preceded by thorough ear cleansing, topical ivermectin topical milbemycin
63
otodectes cynotis species affected
dogs cats ferrets
64
otodectes cynotis life cycle
reside within external ear cannal, entire cycle occurs on host
65
giardia lamblia 2 morphiologic forms
trophozite: motile non infective cyst: resistant stage, infective must swallow to be infected
66
giardia species efected
mammals birds
67
giardia life cycle
infective cyst voided in fece must be swallowed , after ingestion trophozite emerges from infectice cysts and begins to feed, trophozoites cover epithelium of intestines while feeding and limt gut absorption causes diarrhea, trophozoites become infective cyst and passed in feces again
68
giardia clinical dz
weight loss, vomiting, DIARRHEA< inappetance, ZOONOTIC
69
giardia diagnosis
direct smear #1, zinc sulfate fecal floatation, ELISA test
70
giardia treatment/prevention
metranidzole (Flagyl), fenbendazole (Panacur), albendazole | vacciinie is available to prevent shedding of cysts
71
giardia zoonotic potential
causes enteritis
72
toxoplasma gondii (toxoplasmosis) in prego woman
get from litter
73
toxoplasmosis prevention
no raw anything, wash hands and wear gloves when grdening keep cats indoors
74
toxoplasmosis life cycle
oocyst-resistant environmental stage , tachyzoiyes, rapidly dividing tissue stage bradyzoites; slowly dividinf encysted tissue stage
75
toxoplasmosis transmission
transplacental, transmammary
76
toxoplasmosis diagnoses
oocyst i fecal floatation, pseudocysts in tissue
77
toxoplasmosis treatment
silfadiazine and pyrimethamine clindamycin
78
ixodes scapularis (deer tick) can cause what dz
lyme disease
79
echinococcus spp (hydatid cyst tapeworm)
extremely zoonotic | scolex and 3 proglottids
80
echinococcus spp species affected
canine feline foxes
81
echinococcus intermediate hosts
sheep, cattle, rodents, humans
82
echinococcus clinical dz
gi signs weight loss, cysts in liver, in brain(humans)
83
echinococcus diagnosis
fecal floatation Elisa test
84
echinococcus treatment
praziquantel (droncit)
85
permethrin
fleas, ticks in dogs, flies, lice mites , mosquitos and ticks in large animals cats are sensitive Mycodex
86
praziquantel (Droncit)
cestodes (anticestodal)
87
metronidazole (Flagyl)
giardia (antiprotozoal)
88
sulfadimethoxine
coccidia (antiprotozoal)

vt8 final review (7 decks)

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