Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PARASITOLOGY (Board Exam) > PARASITOLOGY BOARD EXAM (PART 2) > Flashcards

PARASITOLOGY BOARD EXAM (PART 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Best stain for the trophozoite

A

QUENSEL’S IODINE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Treatment of choice for invasive amoebiasis

A

METRONIDAZOLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Drug of choice for asymptomatic cyst passers

A

DILOXANIDE FUROATE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

a type of dysentery which has:

  • acute onset
  • vomiting common
  • odorless stool
  • w/out charcot-Leyden crystals
A

BACILLARY DYSENTERY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a type of dysentery which has:

  • Gradual dysentery
  • no vomitting
  • fishy odor stool
  • w/ Charcot-Leyden crystals
A

AMOEBIC DYSENTERY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

E. histolystica has a __ that can attach to the __ on the surface of the epithelial cells in the intestines

A

LECTIN; N-ACETYLGALACTOSAMINE SUGARS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

no. of nucleus E. histolystica (cyst)

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

no. of nucleus E. coli (cyst)

A

8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Chromatoidal Bars of E. histolystica (cyst)

A

SAUSAGE SHAPED/ROD CIGAR SHAPED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chromatoidal Bars of E. coli (cyst)

A

WITCH BROOM STICK SPLINTERED/ NEEDLE LIKE ENDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Movement of E. histolystica (trophozoite)

A

PROGRESSIVE AND DIRECTIONAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Movement of E. coli (trophozoite)

A

SLUGGISH MOVEMENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Shape of pseudopodia (E. histolystica)

A

FINGERLIKE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Shape of pseudopodia (E. coli)

A

BLUNT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Nucleus (karyosome) of E. histolytica

A

CENTRAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Nucleus (karyosome) of E. coli

A

ECCENTRIC/PERIPHERAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cytoplasm E. histolytica

A

CLEAR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cytoplasm E. coli

A

DIRTY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
  • Small-race E. histolytica
  • Only clear cut distinction is size
  • No RBCs in the cytoplasm
A

ENTAMOEBA HARTMANNI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Size of E. hartmanii (troph)

A

12 um

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Size of E. hartmanii (cyst)

A

10 um

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
  • Found in Intestines of pigs and monkeys

- cyst with SINGLE nucleus

A

ENTAMOEBA POLECKI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q
  • kissing amoeba
  • associated with gum inf’xn
  • aquired thru sharing utensils and kissing
A

ENTAMOEBA GINGIVALIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Troph of E. gingivalis: karyosome:

A

small and centrally-located

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q
  • cross eyed cyst
  • large, irregular blot-like karyosome
  • no peripheral chromatin
  • SMALLEST AMOEBA
A

ENDOLIMAX NANA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

describe Iodamoeba butchlii (troph)

A

ACHROMATIC GRANULES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

describe Iodamoeba butchlii (cyst)

A

GLYCOGEN GRANULES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q
  • causative agent of PRIMARY AMOEBIC MENINGITIS

- aquired when swimming during hot weather in BRACKISH/FRESHWATER

A

NAEGLERIA FOWLERI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

it is blunt pseudopodia, trophozoite form, found in CSF and tissue

A

AMOEBOID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

pear-shaped w/ 2 anterior flagella, swimming form, found CSF

A

FLAGELLATE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Treatment of NAEGLERIA FOWLERI

A
  • Amphotericin B
  • Clotrimazole
  • Azithromycin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

-causative agent of GRANULOMATUS AMOEBIC ENCEPHALITIS

A

ACANTHAMOEBA SPP.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

contaminated contact lens solution presents with ___

A

KERATITIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

describe Acanthamoeba (troph)

A

SPINY FILAMENTS FOR LOCOMOTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

describe Acanthamoeba (cyst)

A

DOUBLE WALLED WRINKLED CYST

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q
  • largest protozoan affecting human

- only significant ciliate

A

BALANTIDIUM COLI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Reservoir host of Balantidium coli

A

PIGS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q 
BALANTIDIUM COLI (troph)
-kidney-shaped, vegetative
A

MACRONUCLEUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q 
BALANTIDIUM COLI (troph)
-dot-like, reproductive
A

MICRONUCLEUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

clinical manifestation of B. coli

A
  • Wine glass ulceration (round base and round neck)

- asymptomatic carriers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

culture media of Acanthamoeba spp.

A

PYGC Medium (Potato-Yeast Glucose Culture)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

treatment of Acanthamoeba spp.

A

SULFAMETHOXAZOLE-TRIMETHOPHRIM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

mode of transmission of B. coli

A

INGESTION OF CYSTS (SWINE FECES)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

characteristics motility of B. coli

A

THROWN BALL/ROLLING BALL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q
  • associated with gay bowel syndrome

- only protozoan intestinal flagellate (lives in the SI of humans

A

GIARGIA DUODENALIS/LAMBLIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

only protozoa w/ a SUCKING DISK for attachment

A

GIARGIA DUODENALIS/LAMBLIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

motility of G. lamblia

A

falling leaf, kite-like, jerky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

appearance of G. lamblia

A

old man w/ eyeglasses or smiling face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

_ pairs of flagella and _____

A

4; Axostyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

shaped of G. lamblia

A

Pear-shaped/ teardrop shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

characteristics of G. lamblia (cysts)

A

Flagella retracted to axonemes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

pH attachment of G. lamblia

A

3 to 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

passage of greasy, frothy stool that floats on toilet water

A

Steatorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

The malabsorption of G. lamblia

A

Leningrad’s curse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

motility of Chilomastix mesnili

A

spiral boring, forward movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

best stain for C. mesnili

A

Iron hematoxylin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

closely related to Trichomonas spp.

A

Dientamoeba fragilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

D. fragilis was obtained via transmission of ___ and ___

A

E. vermicularis and A. lumbricoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

clinical manifestation of D. fragilis

A
  • Resembles Irretable Bowel Syndrome

- Colicky abdominal pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q
  • The only pathogenic Trichomonas
  • Reproduce by longitudinal binary fission
  • It is called PING-PONG dse
A

Trichomonas vaginalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

females common signs and symptoms of T. vaginalis

A
  • vaginal discharge (irritation and itchiness)

- endotrimetritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

punctuate hemorrhages of cervix

A

Strawberry cervix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

males common signs and symptoms of T. vaginalis

A
  • mostly asymptomatic

- protastits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

most common complication of males when having T. vaginalis

A

Protastitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

the quickiest and most inexpensive way of diagnosis for T. vaginalis

A

Wet preparation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

the Gold standard and the culture media of T. vaginalis

A

Diamond’s modified medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

treatment and a drug of choice when pregnant

A

Metronidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

habitat of T. vaginalis

A

Genetalia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

size of T. vaginalis

A

largest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

nucleus of T. vaginalis

A

ovoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Inclusion bodies of T. vaginalis

A

siderophil granules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

SOC of T. vaginalis (females)

A

urine or vaginal swab/discharge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

SOC of T. vaginalis (males)

A

urethral discharge, prostatic secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

habitat of T. tenax

A

oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

size of T. tenax

A

smallest

76
Q

nucleus of T. tenax

A

round

77
Q

the trichomonads which there is no inclusion bodies

A

T. tenax and T. hominis

78
Q

SOC of T. tenax

A

oral scrappings

79
Q

habitat of T. hominis

A

Intestines

80
Q

size of T. hominis

A

intermediate

81
Q

nucleus of T. hominis

A

ovoid

82
Q

SOC of T. hominis

A

Stool

83
Q

may infect the blood, lymph nodes, muscles, reticuloendothelial system

A

Blood and tissue flagellates

84
Q

a stages of development which is ovoid, devoid of flagellum

A

Amastigote or Leishmaniad

85
Q

a stages of development which is elongate, kinetoplast anterior to nucleus, flagellum at anterior end of the body

A

Promastigote or Leptomonad

86
Q

a stages of development which is elongated with juxtanuclear kinetoplast, short flagellum

A

Epimastigote or Crithidial

87
Q

a stages of development which is postnuclear kinetoplast, long flagellum

A

Trypomastigote or trypanosomad

88
Q

Stercorarian trypanosomes

A

Trypanosoma cruzi

89
Q

salivarian trypanosomes

A

T. brucei gambiense and T. brucei baziliense

90
Q

causative agent of chagas dse or America trypanosomiasis

A

Trypanosoma cruzi

91
Q

characteristics shaped of T. cruzi

A

C-shaped

92
Q

infective stage of T. cruzi

A

Trypomastigote

93
Q

diagnostic stage of T. cruzi

A

Amastigote

94
Q

habitat of T. cruzi

A

RES, cardiac muscle, CNS

95
Q

vectors of T. cruzi

A

reduuvid bugs, kissing b ugs, assassin, diatomine bugs

96
Q

vectors of T. cruzi where can be found in the Philippines

A

Triatoma rubrofasciata

97
Q

diagnosis T. cruzi

A
  • xenodiagnosis

- culture

98
Q

culture media for T. cruzi

A

Weinmans medium or chang’s medium

99
Q

the most common complications of T. cruzi

A

Megacolon

100
Q

the vectors of the T. brucei gambiense and T. brucei rhodesiense

A

tse-tse fly (Glossina)

101
Q

swelling of lymph nodes at the back of the neck or below the chin

A

Winterbottom signs

102
Q

frequently infects CNS and more pathogenic among the trypasomes

A

Gambiense

103
Q

diagnosis for T. brucei gambiense and T. brucei rhodesiense

A

CATT (Cart Agglutination Test for Trypasomiasis)

104
Q

collection method if the px is at febrile stage

A

blood and lymph nodes

105
Q

collection method if the px is at sleeping stage

A

CSF

106
Q

the causative agent of

  • Visceral leishmaniasis
  • Dumdum fever
  • Kala-azar dse/ Black dse
A

Leishmania donovani

107
Q

vectors of the leishmania spp.

A

phlebotomus, lutzomyia

108
Q

pathogenesis of Leishmania donovani

A

splenomegalyn and severe anemia

109
Q

diagnosis for Leishmania donovani

A
  • culture

- screening test (FORMOL GEL TEST)

110
Q

culture media use for Leishmania donovani

A

NNN (NICOLE-NOVY-MCNEAL)

111
Q

how to conduct the screening test of formol gel test to detect the positive result of the Leishmania donovani

A

1mL serum + 1 drop of formalin = (+) gel formation

112
Q

causative agent of

  • Old world cutaneous leishmania
  • Delhi boils
  • Pian Boils
  • Uta sore
A

Leishmania tropica

113
Q
  • agent of New world cutaneous Leishmania

- chiclero ulcers

A

-Leishmania mexicana

114
Q

pathongenesis of the Leishmania tropica

A

localized cutaneous infection (macule-papule)

115
Q

Agent of

  • new world mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis
  • Espundia
  • wheeping lesions
A

Leishmania braziliensis

116
Q

pathogenesis of Leishmania braziliensis

A

wheeping lesions

117
Q

Diagnosis for the Leishmania braziliensis

A

Dr montenegro’s test

118
Q

largest group of apicomplexan protozoans falling under class

A

Conoidasida

119
Q

infective stage of the coccidians

A

Oocyst

120
Q

produces Oocyst (Coccidians)

A

sexual cycle or SPOROGONY

121
Q

Produces merozoites (Coccidians)

A

Asexual cycle or SCHIZOGANY

122
Q

development of macro and micro gametocytes

A

Gametogony

123
Q

its a self-limiting diarrhea

A

Cryptosporidium hominis

124
Q

Oocyst of Cryptosporidium hominis are containing _ sporozoites (waterborne transmission)

A

4

125
Q

diagnosis for Cryptosporidium hominis

A
  • Sheathers-Sugar-Flotation
  • Stool examination
  • Kinyouns Acid Fast Staining
126
Q

using Kinyouns Acid Fast Staining the Oocyst appears as

A

RED/PINK DONUTS IN A BLUE BACKGROUND

127
Q

thought to be a member of cynobacteria due to showing PHOTOSYNTHESIZING ORGANELLES and AUTOFLORESCING PARTICLES

A

Cyclospora cayatenensis

128
Q

Cyclospora cayatenensis originally called

A

Cyanobacterium Like Body (CLB)

129
Q

clinical manifestation of Cyclospora cayatenensis

A

D-xylose malabsorption

130
Q

Oocyst are autoflourescent and appear as ___ circles

A

Blue/Green

131
Q
  • causative agent of cytoisosporiasis

- maybe asymptomatic or may present as self -limiting gastroenteritis

A

Cytoisospora Belli

132
Q

Diagnosis for Cytoisospora Belli

A

Zinc Floatation/ Sheathers Sugar or AFS

133
Q

common cause of congenital infections

A

Toxoplasma Gondii

134
Q

most common manifestation of Toxoplasma Gondii

A

Encephalitis

135
Q

still birth and abortion may result when mothers acquire the infection during ___ trimester of pregnancy

A

1st-2nd

136
Q

Definitive host of Toxoplasma Gondii

A

Cat: Sporogony

137
Q

intermediate host of Toxoplasma Gondii

A

human: Schizogany

138
Q

the inactive form of the Toxoplasma Gondii

A

Bradyzoites

139
Q

the active form Toxoplasma Gondii

A

Tachyzoites

140
Q

laboratory diagnosis of Toxoplasma Gondii

A
  • methylene blue

- Sabin-Fieldman Dye (most common)

141
Q

most common to isolate

A

Sarcocystis spp.

142
Q

the simplest form of the sarcocycystis

A

Zoite

143
Q

the definitive host of the Sarcocystis

A

Man

144
Q

definitive diagnosis for Sarcocystis

A

sarcocysts in tissue specimen

145
Q

confirmatory stain for Sarcocystis

A

PAS/ Acid Fast

146
Q

leading parasitic dse that causes mortality worldwide

A

Malaria

147
Q

clinical manifestation of plasmodium

A
  • cold/hot paroxysm
  • diaphoresis
  • sever hemolysis
148
Q

asexual cycle ( schizogany ) of the plasmodium

A
  • HUMANS

- Formation of merozoites

149
Q

sexual cycle (Sporogony) of the Plasmodium

A
  • MOSQUITOS

- formation of sporozoites (IS)

150
Q

principal vector of Plasmodium

A

Ano Minimus var Flavirostris

151
Q

secondary vector of Plasmodium

A
  • Litoralis
  • Balabacenas
  • mangyanus
  • maculatus
152
Q

Definitive host (Plasmodium)

A

Female anopheles mosquito- IS: Gametocytes

153
Q

intermediate host (Plasmodium)

A

Man- Infective stage: sporozoites

154
Q

these parasite reinvade the liver cells forming hypnozoites

A

P. vivax and P. ovale

155
Q

merozoites of P. falciparum become ___ in the RBCs and modify the structural and antigenic properties of the cell

A

Trophozoites

156
Q

mixed infection of the plasmodium

A

P. vivax and P. falciparum

157
Q

Diagnosis for Plasmodium spp

A
  • Thick and thin smear (giemsa and wright)
  • Histidine-Rich Protein 2
  • Parasite Lactase Dehydrogenase
158
Q

obtain smears for px suspected Plasmodium spp. every _ and _

A

6 to 8 hrs

159
Q

produced by P. falciparum (MALAquick)

A

Histidine-Rich Protein 2

160
Q

distinguish between P. falciparum and non-P. falciparum (Optimal)

A

Parasite Lactase Dehydrogenase

161
Q
  • treatment for Plasmodium spp

- mainstay antimalarial treatment

A

Chloroquine

162
Q

resistant to malaria

A

G6PD, Fy (a-b-), sickle cell dse

163
Q

pigments in P. vivax

A

Schauffners

164
Q

pigments in P. falciparum

A

Maurer’s

165
Q

pigments in P. malariae

A

Ziemanns

166
Q

pigments in P. ovale

A

James

167
Q

of Merozoites in P. vivax

A

10-22

168
Q

of Merozoites in P. falciparum

A

6-20

169
Q

of Merozoites in P. malariae

A

4-8 (rosettes)

170
Q

of Merozoites in P. ovale

A

8-12

171
Q

shape of gametocytes (P. vivax)

A

Spherical

172
Q

shape of gametocytes (P. falciparum)

A

Banana or Cresent

173
Q

shape of gametocytes (P. malariae)

A

Spherical

174
Q

shape of gametocytes (P. ovale)

A

Large oval

175
Q

infected RBCs of (P. vivax)

A

enlarged

176
Q

infected RBCs of (P. falciparum)

A

normal

177
Q

infected RBCs of (P. malariae)

A

normal/small

178
Q

infected RBCs of (P. ovale)

A
  • irregular edges

- enlarged

179
Q

late trophozoite (P. vivax)

A

amoeboid/Irregular

180
Q

late trophozoite (P. falciparum)

A

comma-shaped

181
Q

late trophozoite (P. malariae)

A

band form

182
Q

late trophozoite (P. ovale)

A

round

183
Q
  • MALTESE CROSS formation

- resembles P. falciparum rings

A

Babesia microti

184
Q

Definitive host for Babesia microti

A

Deers

185
Q

Accidental Host for Babesia microti

A

Human

186
Q

mode of transmission (for Babesia microti)

A

nodes tick bite or blood tranfusion

187
Q

causes “RED WATER FEVER” in cattle

A

Babesia bigemia

PARASITOLOGY (Board Exam) (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions