Parasitology: Plasmodium Flashcards Preview

Microbiology F2014 > Parasitology: Plasmodium > Flashcards

Flashcards in Parasitology: Plasmodium Deck (4)
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1
Q
A

Malaria: plasmodium falciparum

  • Epidemiology: at risk include pregnant women (more attractive to mosquitoes), vertical transmission
  • Host
  • Vector: anopheles mosquito; sporozoites innoculated by mosquito -> mosquito bite -> Mature liver schizont release merozoites -> tropnozoite (in RBC; clinical stage)
  • Features:
    • numerous fine ring forms
    • banana shaped
    • double chromatin dots
    • marginal forms
    • RBC not enlarged
  • Sx: anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, elevated fever, renal failure, jaundice & fever, pulm edema, vomitting, diarrhea, delirium, stupor, disorientation, cerebral malaria (coma, convulsions, abnormal posturing, dysconjuage gaze, retinal hemorrhages)
  • Dx
  • Rx: artemether/lumefantrine (most effective), chloroquine, sulfadoxine/pyramethamine, meflaquine, Quinine/IV Quanadine (reserve)
    • Prophylactics: Mefloquine, doxycycline, chloroquine, atovaquone & proguanil (Malarone)
  • Control: ITN (anopheles are nocturnal), vector controls (egg, larva, and pupa in water so fill in swamps or add fish)
2
Q
A

P. malariaie

  • Epidemiology
  • Host
  • Vector: anopheles mosquito
  • Features
  • Sx: fever at every 72h
  • Dx
  • Rx: chloroquine
  • Control
3
Q
A

P. ovale

  • Epidemiology
  • Host
  • Vector: anopheles mosquito
  • Features: hypnozites in liver (sleeping/resting zoites causing relapse of disease, need to treat this); enlarged RBC
  • Sx: fever every 48 h
  • Dx
  • Rx: chloroquine + primaquine (hypnozoites)
  • Control
4
Q
A

P. vivax

  • Epidemiology
  • Host
  • Vector: anopheles mosquito
  • Features: hypnozites in liver (sleeping/resting zoites causing relapse of disease, need to treat this)
    • developing and thick (signet) ring forms
    • enlarged RBC
  • Sx: fever every 48 h
  • Dx: chloroquine + primaquine (hypnozoites)
  • Rx
  • Control