Parasomnia

Question 1

is a sleep disorder that involves unusual and undesirable physical events or
experiences that disrupt your sleep

Answer 1

Parasomnia

Question 2

can occur before or during sleep or during arousal from sleep

Answer 2

Parasomnia

Question 3

you might have abnormal movements, talk, express
emotions or do unusual things. You are really asleep, although your bed partner
might think you’re awake

Answer 3

Parasomnia

Question 4

TYPES OF
PARASOMNIA

Answer 4

NREM
Parasomnia

REM
Parasomnia

Question 5

are the first three stages of sleep – from first falling asleep to about
the first half of the night.

Answer 5

NREM

Question 6

involve physical and verbal activity.

Answer 6

NREM
Parasomnia

Question 7

You are not completely awake or aware during these events, are not
responsive to others’ attempts to interact with you and you usually
don’t remember or only partially remember the event the next day

Answer 7

NREM
Parasomnia

Question 8

NREM parasomnia sually occur in individuals between

Answer 8

five and 25 years of age.

Question 9

often occur in people who have a family history of similar
parasomnias.

Answer 9

NREM
Parasomnia

Question 10

follows the three non-REM stages of the sleep
cycle

Answer 10

REM

Question 11

The eyes rapidly move under your eyelids; heart
rate, breathing and blood pressure are all
increased. This is a time when vivid dreaming
occurs.

Answer 11

REM
Parasomnia

Question 12

Parasomnias that happen during the latter part of the
night. If awakened during the event, it’s likely you’d
be able to recall part or all of the dream

Answer 12

REM
Parasomnia

Question 13

Types of Non-REM
sleep Parasomnias

Answer 13

I. Sleep Terrors
II. Sleep Walking
III. Confusional Arousals
IV. Sleep-related Eating Disorder

Question 14

It occurs when wake up suddenly in a
terrified state

Answer 14

SLEEP TERROR

Question 15

Some patients may scream or cry in fright

Answer 15

SLEEP TERROR

Question 16

Sleep terrors are usually brief

Answer 16

(30 seconds)
but can last up to a few minutes

Question 17

Other features of SLEEP TERROR disorder are a

Answer 17

racing heart rate, open eyes with dilated pupils, fast
breathing and sweating

Question 18

you get out of bed, move about with your
eyes wide open, but you’re actually asleep.

Answer 18

SLEEP WALKING

Question 19

You may mumble or talk (sleep talking).

Answer 19

SLEEP WALKING

Question 20

You may perform complex activities – such as driving or playing a musical
instrument – or do strange things like pee in a closet or move furniture.

Answer 20

SLEEP WALKING

Question 21

It can be dangerous and lead to injuries because you’re unaware of
your surroundings.

Answer 21

SLEEP WALKING

Question 22

You can bump into objects or fall down.

Answer 22

SLEEP WALKING

Question 23

The patient may appear
to be partially awake,
but is confused and
disoriented to time and
space.

Answer 23

CONFUSIONAL
AROUSAL

Question 24

May remain in bed, may
sit up, have your eyes
open, and may cry.

Answer 24

CONFUSIONAL
AROUSAL

Question 25

Can speak slowly, have trouble understanding questions that are asked or responding in a sensible way.

Answer 25

CONFUSIONAL AROUSAL

Question 26

CONFUSIONAL AROUSAL episode may last from a

Answer 26

few minutes to hours.

Question 27

CONFUSIONAL AROUSAL are common in _____ and tend to decrease in frequency with ________

Answer 27

childhood increasing age.

Question 28

The person tend to eat and drink while partially awake

Answer 28

SLEEP-RELATED EATING DISORDER

Question 29

may eat foods or food combinations you wouldn’t eat if awake (such as uncooked chicken or slabs of butter).

Answer 29

SLEEP-RELATED EATING DISORDER

Question 30

Dangers include eating inedible or toxic foods, eating unhealthy or too much food, or injuries from preparing or cooking foods

Answer 30

SLEEP-RELATED EATING DISORDER

Question 31

TYPES OF REM SLEEP PARASOMNIAS

Answer 31

I. Nightmare disorder II. Recurrent isolated sleep paralysis III. REM sleep behavior disorder (RSBD)

Question 32

These are vivid dreams that cause feelings of fear, terror and/or anxiety.

Answer 32

NIGHTMARE DISORDER

Question 33

may feel a threat to your survival or security

Answer 33

NIGHTMARE DISORDER

Question 34

If awakened during, you’d be able to describe your dream in detail.

Answer 34

NIGHTMARE DISORDER

Question 35

often have trouble falling back to sleep

Answer 35

NIGHTMARE DISORDER

Question 36

NIGHTMARE DISORDER is more likely to occur if you’re

Answer 36

under stress or experience a traumatic event, illness/fever, extreme tiredness or after alcohol consumption

Question 37

The person can’t move his/her body or limbs during sleep.

Answer 37

RECURRENT ISOLATED SLEEP PARALYSIS

Question 38

Scientists think the paralysis might be caused by an

Answer 38

extension of REM sleep – a stage in which muscles are already in a relaxed state.

Question 39

This happens either before you fall asleep or as you are waking up.

Answer 39

RECURRENT ISOLATED SLEEP PARALYSIS

Question 40

RECURRENT ISOLATED SLEEP PARALYSIS Episodes last_____ and are distressing, usually causing anxiety or fear.

Answer 40

seconds to a few minutes

Question 41

Sleep paralysis can be stopped if your bed partner

Answer 41

speaks to you or touches you

Question 42

the person act out, vocalize (e.g., talk, swear, laugh, shout), or make aggressive movements (e.g., punching, kicking, grabbing) as a reaction to a violent dream.

Answer 42

REM SLEEP BEHAVIOR DISORDER (RSBD)

Question 43

is more common among older adults.

Answer 43

REM SLEEP BEHAVIOR DISORDER (RSBD)

Question 44

Many people with REM SLEEP BEHAVIOR DISORDER have

Answer 44

neurodegenerative disease, such as Parkinson’s disease, Lewy body dementia, multiple system atrophy or stroke

Question 45

CAUSES OF PARASOMNIA

Answer 45

Incomplete transition from being awake to the stages of sleep Lack of sleep, irregular sleep-wake schedules (jet lag or shift work) Medications including those that cause sleep, treat depression, treat psychotic disorders, treat high blood pressure, treat seizures, treat asthma/allergy, and treat infections Medical issues that disrupt sleep, such as RLS, OSA, pain, narcolepsy, sleep deprivation, circadian rhythm disorder, or PLM disorder Lack of maturity of the sleep-wake cycle (in children with parasomnias)

Question 46

CAUSES OF PARASOMNIA (Other Health Issues)

Answer 46

--Fever. --Stress. --Alcohol or substance abuse. --Head injury. --Pregnancy or menstruation. --Genetics. If there’s a family history of parasomnias, you’re more likely to have them. --Inflammatory disease, such as encephalitis. --Psychiatric illness: depression, anxiety, and PTSD --Neurological disease: PD, stroke, multiple system atrophy, MS and brain tumors

Question 47

SYMPTOMS OF PARASOMNIA

Answer 47

Difficulty sleeping through the night. Waking up confused or disoriented Being tired during the day Finding cuts and bruises on your body for which you don’t remember the cause Displaying movements, expressions, vocalizations or activities – as told to you by your bed partner – that you don’t remember.

Question 48

REM/NREM SLEEP DISORDER MANAGEMENT

Answer 48

Follow good sleep hygiene habits (get 7-9 hours of sleep/night; turn off lights, TV and electronic devices; keep room temperature cool; avoid caffeine and strenuous exercise near bedtime) Maintain your regular sleep-wake schedule. Have a consistent bedtime and wake up time. Limit, or don’t use, alcohol or recreational drugs Take all prescribed medications as directed by your healthcare provider.

Question 49

HOW TO HAVE A GOOD NIGHT SLEEP?

Answer 49

Create an optimal sleep environment Think positive Avoid using your bed for anything other than sleep and intimate relations Try to clear your mind before bedtime Establish a regular bedtime and a relaxing routine Stop clock watching. Avoid naps Avoid stimulants Avoid alcohol and tobacco Exercise regularly