Parasympatholytics (Antimuscarinic/Anticholinergic)

Question 1

Prototype of Antimuscarinics/Anticholinergics

Answer 1

Atropine (inhibits M1, M2, M3)

Question 2

Effects of Antimuscarinis

Answer 2

Blind as a Bat
Increase intraocular pressure (glaucoma)
Cyclopegia
Mydriasis

“Dry as a Bone”
Anhydrosis (decreased sweating)
Urinary Retention
Dec. peristalsis
Dec. acid secretion

Hot as Hell
Cutaneous vasodilation
Hyperthermia

Red as Beet
Flushing
Tachycardia

Mad as Hatter
Confusion
Delirium
Hallucination

Question 3

Mydriatics / Cycloplegics

Answer 3

• Tropicamide
• Atropine
• Cyclopentolate
• Homotropine

Question 4

Centrally Acting

Answer 4

Scopolamine
Benztropane
Biperiden
Trihexyphenidyl

Question 5

Bronchi / Bronchodilators

Answer 5

Ipratropium
Oxitropium
Tiotropium

Question 6

Selective M1-blockers

Answer 6

Prenzepine
Telenzepine

Question 7

Selective M3-blockers

Answer 7

Hyoscine-N-butylbromide
Clidinium
Dicycloverine
Glycopyrrolate

Question 8

Antinicotinics (Nn)

Answer 8

Nn - inhibited by ganglionic blockers
* Mecamylamine
* Trimetophan
* Hexamethonium

Question 9

Antinicotinics (Nm) - Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers

Answer 9

Succinylcholine (Suxamethonium)
MOA: Irreversibly stimulates Nm receptors
Phase 1: Depolarizing Phase
Phase 2: Desensitizing Phase

Question 10

Antinicotinics (Nm) - Non-Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers

Answer 10

A. Isoquinolines
“-curium”
Atracurium
Cistracurium
Mivacurium
Tubocurarine

B. Steroidal
“-curonium”
Rocuronium
Pancuronium
Vecuronium

Question 11

Non-selective anti-cholinergic

Answer 11

Atropine

Question 12

DOC for Physostigmine Toxicity

Answer 12

Atropine

Question 13

Treatment of Organophosphate Poisoning

Answer 13

Atropine + Pralidoxime

Question 14

For motion sickness

Answer 14

Scopolamine

Question 15

Semisynthetic muscarinic R antagonist for COPD

Answer 15

Ipratropium
Tiotropium

Question 16

Treatment of Intestinal cramps (IBD) & Intestinal hypermotility

Answer 16

Dicyclomine

Question 17

Treatment of overactive bladder (Frequent urination, nocturia, incontinence)

Answer 17

Oxybutynin
Tropium
Darefenacin
Tolterodine

Question 18

Used for pre-op to decrease secretion/salivation

Answer 18

Glycopyrrolate

Question 19

Treatment of severe essential hypertension and malignant hypertension

Answer 19

Ganglionic Blocking Agents:
Mecamylamine
Hexamethanomium
Trimethaphan

Question 20

Preferred neuromuscular blocker for adults with emergency airway situations

Answer 20

Succinylcholine (Suxamethonium chloride)

Question 21

Toxicity reversal of Isoquinolines

Answer 21

AchE blockers

Question 22

Toxic substance of Atracurium

Answer 22

Laudanosine

Question 23

Alternative for Atracurium

Answer 23

Cistracurium

Question 24

High Histamine release

Answer 24

Tubocurarine

Question 25

Alternative for Tubocurarine

Answer 25

Cisatracurium Rocuronium Vecuronium

Question 26

A/Es of Succinylcholine

Answer 26

Increase K levels Apnea Malignant hyerthermia

Question 27

Treatment for Malignant Hyperthermia

Answer 27

Dantrolene