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Autonomic System Pharmacology > Parasympathomimetic/ Cholinergic Agonist > Flashcards

Parasympathomimetic/ Cholinergic Agonist Flashcards

(44 cards)

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1
Q

Drugs acting on both nicotinic and M receptor

A

Ach, carbachol

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2
Q

Only muscarinic drugs

A

Muscarine
Pilocarpine
Bethanecol

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3
Q

Only Nicotinic drugs

A 
Nicotine
Succinylcholine (over stimulation-constant depolarisation- unresponsiveness)
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4
Q

AchI drugs

A

Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
Edrophonium
Physostigmine(tertiary anime-naturally occurring)

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5
Q

Drugs that block nicotinic receptors in skeletal muscles

A

Tubocurarine

Other curare drugs

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6
Q

Block N receipts at ganglion

A

Trimethapan

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7
Q

Ach rarely used clinical why

A
  1. Oral administration- rapid hydrolysis

2. IV administration- rapid metabolism

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8
Q

treatment for postop/ neurogeni ileus and urinary retention

A

cholinergic drugs: bethanechol, carbachol

AchE inhibitors: neostigmine, pyridostigmine

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9
Q

used to diagnose type of myastina gravis and its features

A

small dose of Endophonium used to distinguish between chlinergic crisis and myastinic crisis (Tensilon Test)

  • alcohol, quatinery amine
  • do not enter CNS
  • active for 5-15min only
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10
Q

Tx for MG

A

AchE inhi: pyridostigmine(mostly used), neostigmine

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11
Q

tx for glaucoma

A

cholinergic drug: pilocarpine(open-angled), carbachol

AchEI: physostigmine, echothiopate (topical only)

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12
Q

tx xerostmia

A

bethanechol

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13
Q

Bezold-Jerisch reflex

A

caused by high dose of nicotine

3 signs: hypotension, braycardia, nausea

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14
Q

lethal dose of nicotine

A

60mg

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15
Q

AchEI used in tx of alzheimer

A

drugs that can pass through BBB:

  1. donepezil
  2. tacrine
  3. revastigmine
  4. galatamine
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16
Q

ecothiopate

A

organophosphate
irreversible AchEI
release slowly from AchE- active for 2-7 days

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17
Q

malathion

A

organophsphate
not harmful- degraded by enzymes in mamals
used as ectoparasiticide in clinical setting

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18
Q

parathion

Study These Flashcards
A

organophosphate
dangerous- ^ lipid solubility
active: 7-30 days
used in insecticides- toxicity in farmer

19
Q

parlidoxime

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A
  • organophosphate antagonist
  • oxime group has ^ affinity for the phosphorous
  • tx patient with organophosphate poisoning
  • does not enterCNS
  • acts on both N and M receptors
  • sideeffect: muscle weakness
  • no effect after “aging”
20
Q

aged organophosphate- AchE complex

Study These Flashcards
A

strong irreversible covalent bond is formed

21
Q

use of antimuscarinic drugs

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A
  1. motion sickness (diarrihea)
  2. post-op urinary spam
  3. parkinsons disease
  4. antidote for parathion poisoning
    other muscarinic functions
22
Q

side effect of antimuscarinic drugs (state 8)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. xerostomia
  2. constipation
  3. urinary retention
  4. mydrasis
  5. percipitation glaucoma
  6. decrease sweating
  7. tachycardia
  8. hyperventilation and dec respiratory secretions
23
Q

to block muscarinic action of following organs which receptors would you traget:

  1. CNS
  2. exocrine glands
  3. GIT
  4. Respiratory system
  5. eyes
  6. CVS
  7. Smooth muscles
  8. GUT
Study These Flashcards
A
  1. several M receptors and effect depends on the dose
  2. M3, (M2)
  3. M1, M3( not sure)
  4. Nonselective
  5. M3
  6. M2
  7. (M2), M3
  8. M3, M1
24
Q

featues of Atropine

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. atropa belladona
  2. non selective competetive antagonist atM receptors
  3. tertiary amine
  4. distributed in CNS and other organs
  5. acts only on muscarinic ( hence cant inhibit muscle skeletal mucle contraction[N] cause with ^ Ach )
  6. excreted unchaged in urine
  7. t1/2= 2hr, active = 4-8hr
  8. in eye active for72hr
25
tissues most sensitive to atropine
1. salivary glands 2. bronchioles 3. sweat glands
26
uses of atropne
1. preanesthetic preparation-> dec resp secretions-> allow intubation 2. ^ HR 3. organphosphate poisoning 4. mydrasis and cyloplegia
27
drugs that cause mydrastic and cyclopegic effects and duration of effect
tropicamide
28
ganglionic blockade on heart and blood vessels
tachycardia and vaso/venidilation
29
ganglionic blockade on respirtory
little effect of bronchodilation
30
ganglionic blockade on GIT
hypomotility, decrease serections, constipation
31
ganglionic blockade on GUT
urinary retention, impaired ejaculation
32
ganglionic blockade on iris/ ciliary muscles
mydrasis, cyclopegia
33
ganglionic blockade on glands
xerostomia, anhidrosis, dry eyes, dec gastric secretion
34
ganglionic blocing drugs
1. hexamethonium [C6] (prototype ganglionic blocker) 2. tetraethylammonium[TEA] 3. decamethonium [C10]- depolarising blocker 4. mecamylamine- cross BBB, absob orally, mental abberations 5. trimethapan- low lipid soulubility, inactive orally, short t1/2, tx hypertension
35
non depolarizing anesthetics/NM blocker
competetive antagonist at Nm cause flacid paralysis 30-60mins 1. tubocurarine 2. cistracurium 3. mivacurium 4. pipecuronium 5. rocuronium 6. doxacurium 7. pancuronium 8. vecuronium 9. atracurium
36
depolarising NM blockers/ anesthetic
cholinergic agonist->continuous depolarisation-> flacid paralysis, fasiculation and (after tx) muscel pain 1. succinylcholine 2. dexamethonium
37
tx malignant hyperthermia
succinylcholine
38
succinylcholine hydrolysed by
1. butyrylcholinesterase or | 2. pseudocholinesterase
39
1. Skeletal muscles contain which receptor
Nm-> depolarization | β2 -> uptake of potassium (possible cause of skeletal muscle tremor not known for sure)
40
2. Blood vessels of Skeletal muscles contain which receptor
β2 -> relaxation Alpha -> contraction (less imp) Some M3-> relaxation
41
drugs used as appetite suppressant/ weight loss
1.Phenylpropanolamine( can cause hemorrhage) 2. Ephedrine 3. Amphetamine 4.
42
Tx. Narcolepsy
1. Modafinil | 2. Ephedrine
43
Nasal decongestant
1. Phenylephrine 2. methoxamine 3. NE 4. Ephedrine
44
Tx ADHD
1. Methylphenidate | 2. Atomoxitine

Autonomic System Pharmacology (4 decks)

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