Parcial Exam

Question 1

What is chemistry?

Answer 1

The science that study matter and changes it undergoes

Question 2

What is technology and how is related to chemistry?

Answer 2

Technology is the practical use of scientific knowledge that helps us in our daily life, it is related to chemistry because it helps to improve t

Question 3

What would the world be like with out plastics?

Answer 3

No prothesis,plastic bags, plastic bottles

Question 4

How do you think nanotechnology will change our world?

Answer 4

Life will be harder

Question 5

Disadvantages of plastics

Answer 5

Pollution
Non-renewable
Environmental damage

Question 6

Matter

Answer 6

Material that makes up substances and has mass and occupies space

Question 7

Pure substance

Answer 7

A type of matter that has definite composition

Question 8

Compund

Answer 8

Pure substance consisting of two or more elements, with a definite composition that can be broken down into simpler substances pnly by chemical methods.

Question 9

Element

Answer 9

Pure substance that contains only one type of matter, cannot be broken down by chemical methods

Question 10

Homogeneous mixture

Answer 10

Solution, the composition is uniform throughout the sample

Question 11

Heterogeneous mixture

Answer 11

The components don’t have a uniform composition throughout the sample

Question 12

3 physical methods to separate mixtures

Answer 12

Filtration
Decantation
Crystallization

Question 13

Physical property

Answer 13

Properties that CAN be observed or measured without affecting the identity of a substance

Question 14

Chemical property

Answer 14

Properties that indicate the ability of a substance to change into a new substance

Question 15

Physical change

Answer 15

A change in which the physical properties of a substance change but its identity stays the same

Question 16

Chemical change

Answer 16

A change during which the original substance is converted into a new substance that has a different composition and new physical and chemical change

Question 17

Change of state

Answer 17

The transformation at which a solid becomes a liquid

Question 18

Melting point

Answer 18

Temperature at which a solid bevomes a liqu

Question 19

Freezing point

Answer 19

Temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid

Question 20

Boiling point

Answer 20

Temperature at which a liquid changes to gas

Question 21

Evaporation

Answer 21

Formation of a gas by escape of high energy molecules from the surface of a liquid
Liquid➡️Gas

Question 22

Condensation

Answer 22

Gas➡️Liquid

Question 23

Sublimation

Answer 23

Solid➡️Gas

Question 24

Deposition

Answer 24

Gas➡️Solid

Question 25

Properties of particles SOLID

Answer 25

Are arranged in specific way Vibrate Has its own shape and volume

Question 26

Macroscopic Properties SOLID

Answer 26

Definite shape

Question 27

Properties of particles LIQUID

Answer 27

Aren't arranged Doesn't have a definite shape Specific volume Particles are in movement

Question 28

Macroscopic properties LIQUID

Answer 28

Expand when is heated

Question 29

Properties of particles GAS

Answer 29

Doesn't have special shape nor volume | Particles move apart each other

Question 30

Macroscopic properties GAS

Answer 30

Expand to fill the container

Question 31

What is an element?

Answer 31

A pure substance made of one type of atom Carbon-C Nitrogen-N Neon-Ne

Question 32

What is a compound?

Answer 32

Two or more elements chemically bonded H2O NaCl KCl

Question 33

Metal physical properties

Answer 33

``` Shiny✨ Good conductors of heat and electricity High melting point High density Malleable Ductile Solid at room temperature ```

Question 34

Metal chemical properties

Answer 34

Have 1-3 electrons in the outer shell Corrode easily Lose electrons easily Lower electronegativities

Question 35

Nonmetals physical properties

Answer 35

``` Not shiny Poor conductors of heat and electricity Non ductile solids Brittle solids Solids, liquid ps or gases at room temperature ```

Question 36

Nonmetals chemical properties

Answer 36

Have 4-8 electrons in their outer shell Gain or share valence electrons From oxides are acidic Higher electronegativities

Question 37

Chemical symbol

Answer 37

Abbreviation that represents the name of an element

Question 38

Periodic table

Answer 38

Arrangement of elements by increasing atomic numbers such that elements having similar chemical behavior are grouped in vertical columns

Question 39

Period

Answer 39

Horizontal row of elements in the periodic table

Question 40

Group

Answer 40

Vertical column of elements in the periodic table

Question 41

Metalloids

Answer 41

Elements with properties of both metals and nonmetals, located along the heavy zigzag line on the periodic table

Question 42

Malleable

Answer 42

Capable of being extended or shaped by hammering or by pressure from rollers

Question 43

Ductile

Answer 43

Capable of being hammered out thin; malleable

Question 43

Binary compound

Answer 43

Compound made up by two elements

Question 44

Ternary compound

Answer 44

Made up by 3 elements

Question 45

Polyatomic compound

Answer 45

Made up by 2 or more elements

Question 46

Acids

Answer 46

Substance that dissolves in water and produces HYDROGEN IONS (H+)

Question 47

Bases

Answer 47

Substance that dissolves in water and produces HYDROXIDE IONS (OH-)

Question 48

Salts

Answer 48

An ionic compound that contains a metal ion or NH4+ and a nonmetal or polyatomic ion other than OH-

Question 49

Valance electrons

Answer 49

Electrons in the highest energy level of an atom

Question 50

Ionic bond

Answer 50

Valance electrons of atoms of a metal are transferred to atoms or nonmetals Steal

Question 51

Covalent bond

Answer 51

A sharing of valence electrons by atoms

Question 52

Oxides

Answer 52

Compound in which oxygen is bonded to one or more positive electron atom

Question 53

Cation-? | Anion-?

Answer 53

Cation: + Anion: -

Question 54

Most abundant elements in the human body

Answer 54

Carbon | Oxygen

Question 55

Most abundant elements in the Earth's crust

Answer 55

Aluminum | Silicon

Question 56

Most abundant element in the Universe

Answer 56

Hydrogen | Helium

Question 57

Carbon in our body

Answer 57

Present in biomolecules

Question 58

Hydrogen in our body

Answer 58

Component of water and body fluids

Question 59

Calcium in our body

Answer 59

Great importance in healthy bones and teeth

Question 60

Chlorine in our body

Answer 60

Present in our stomach