Parenteral administration

Question 1

What does ‘PARENTERAL’ mean?

Answer 1

Outside of the digestive tract

This term refers to any route of administration that does not involve drug absorption through the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 2

What angle is typically used to start an IV?

Answer 2

25° angle

This angle is recommended for initiating intravenous access.

Question 3

What is the largest gauge needle size mentioned?

Answer 3

16G

This size is often used for trauma, surgery, and rapid fluid administration.

Question 4

What is the angle used for administering medication to underweight patients?

Answer 4

90° angle

Using this angle could lead to accidental intramuscular injury in malnourished or underweight patients.

Question 5

What are the uses of INTRADERMAL (ID) administration?

Answer 5

• TB testing (Mantoux test/PPD)
• Allergy sensitivities

Intradermal injections are commonly used for specific diagnostic tests.

Question 6

What is the maximum volume to inject intramuscularly in the deltoid?

Answer 6

2 mL

For other sites, the maximum is typically 3 mL.

Question 7

What are the uses of INTRAMUSCULAR (IM) administration?

Answer 7

• Administration of medications
• Fluids
• Blood products

IM injections are used for various therapeutic purposes.

Question 8

What is the recommended gauge for intravenous (IV) administration?

Answer 8

18G

This gauge is suitable for administering blood and IV fluids.

Question 9

What is the usual site for IV administration?

Answer 9

• Hand
• Cubital fossa (antecubital)
• Inner forearm
• Wrist
• Scalp
• Foot

These sites are commonly used for IV access depending on the patient’s needs.

Question 10

What is the smallest usual gauge size mentioned for IV administration?

Answer 10

24G

This size is often used for pediatric patients and those with fragile veins.

Question 11

True or False: The lower the gauge number, the larger the IV bore.

Answer 11

True

This relationship is important when selecting needle sizes for various procedures.

Question 12

What method should be used for administering irritating medications?

Answer 12

Z-TRACK METHOD

This technique helps prevent leakage of medication into subcutaneous tissue.

Question 13

What is the gauge range for pediatric patients?

Answer 13

22-25 gauge

These gauges are appropriate for administering medications to children due to their smaller veins.

Question 14

What is the angle used for certain injections in malnourished patients?

Answer 14

90° angle

Care should be taken to avoid injury when using this angle in such patients.