Parkinson Disease Drugs

Question 1

Levodopa, COMT inhibitors, Dopamine agonists, MAO-B inhibitors, Anticholinergics, and Amantadine are all drugs used to treat _____ disease

Answer 1

Parkinsons

Question 2

Selegilline and Rasagilline are both ______ ______

Answer 2

MAO-B Inhibitors

Question 3

Trihexyphenidyl, Benztropine mesylate, biperiden, orphenadrine, and Procyclidine are all Centrally acting _____ ______

Answer 3

Anti-Muscarinics

Question 4

Unlike dopamine, the therapeutic drug ____, crosses the BBB

Answer 4

Levodopa

Question 5

3 Non-Ergot Dopamine Agonist drugs

Answer 5

1. Ropinirole (D2+)
2. Pramipexole (D3+)
3. Rotigotine

Question 6

Similar to tolcapone, _____ blocks COMT, but only in the periphery

Answer 6

Entacapone

Question 7

A _____ tremor is found in Parkinsons

Answer 7

Resting

Question 8

Tolcapone inhibits the enzyme ______, which prevents the metabolism of Dopamine into 3-OMD in BOTH central and peripheral

Answer 8

COMT

Question 9

A high protein meal will ____ absorption of Levodopa

Answer 9

Delay

Question 10

2 drugs that metabolize Levodopa in peripheral tissues

Answer 10

1. L-AAD

2. COMT

Question 11

3 Medical conditions that Contraindicate Levodopa

Answer 11

1. Psychosis
2. Glaucoma (Angle-closure , Acute)
3. Peptic Ulcers

Question 12

In peripheral tissues, L-Aromatic Amino acid decarboxylase (L-AAD) and Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) will transform Levodopa. The main decarboxylase inhbiitor used to bypass the peripheral transormation is ______

Answer 12

Carbidopa

Question 13

Ropinirole, which is metabolized by _____ and Pramipexole, which is excreted unchanged in urine, are both ______ Derivatives used to treat Parkinsons via Dopamine ______

Answer 13

• CYP1A2
• Non-Ergot
• Agonisms

Question 14

Plasma Half-life of Levodopa is ____ to _____ hours

Answer 14

1-3

Question 15

Studies suggest that Rasagiline and Selegiline might have a ______M effect, by preventing the buildup of _______

Answer 15

• Neuroprotective

- Free-radicals

Question 16

MAO ______ the amount of dopamine present in the body

Answer 16

Decreases

Question 17

What is Stalevo? (3 things)

Answer 17

Levo, Carbidopa, and Entacapone combined

Question 18

2 main CNS side effects of Levodopa

Answer 18

1. Dyskinesias

2. Psych Disturbances

Question 19

The recreational drug MPTP becomes radicalized into ______ and produces oxidative stress killing DA neurons

Answer 19

MPP+

Question 20

_____% of cells in the substantia nigra nieed to be lost before Parkinsons symptoms can be seen

Answer 20

80

Question 21

Why is Tolcapone less preferable than entacapone

Answer 21

No incidence of hepatotoxicity

Question 22

Clozapine is an anti-_____ class of drugs that does not worsen Parkinsons

Answer 22

psychotic

Question 23

Bromocriptine is an Ergot derivative which serves as a _____ agonist

Answer 23

D2

Question 24

D1 receptors are generally ______ whereas D2 receptors are generally _____

Answer 24

Excitatory, Inhibitory

Question 25

The main adverse effect of Ergot agents that separates them from other drugs is ______

Answer 25

Vasoconstriction

Question 26

Two terrible Drug interactions with Levodopa

Answer 26

1. Pyridoxine | 2. MAO-A ihhibitors

Question 27

What is special of the Dopamine agonists Apomorphine's administration?

Answer 27

- Subcutaneous and grants benefits within 10 minutes of injections

Question 28

Levodopa becomes DA via a _____ reaction

Answer 28

Decarboxylation

Question 29

The main Dopamine Agonist that is a ergot derviative is _____

Answer 29

Bromocriptine

Question 30

3 main GI side-effects of Levodopa without decarboxylase inhibitor

Answer 30

1. Anorexia 2. Nausea 3. Vomiting

Question 31

Prampipexole, Ropinirole, Bromocriptine, Pergolide are all ______ _____ drugs

Answer 31

Dopamine Agonsits

Question 32

Sinemet is a combination of ____ and ___

Answer 32

- Levodopa | - Carbidopa

Question 33

MAO-_____ metabolizes dopamine selectively, wherease MAO-_____ metabolizes NE, SA, and DA

Answer 33

- B | - A

Question 34

What is special about the adminstration of Rotigotine DA agonist?

Answer 34

- Via once-daily transdermal patch

Question 35

3 main Cardio side-effects of Levodopa

Answer 35

1. Arrhythmias 2. Postural hypotension 3. Combo with MAO inhibit causes HTN!