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MPH322 - CNS Drugs > Parkinson's Disease > Flashcards

Flashcards in Parkinson's Disease Deck (18)
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1
Q

Name the 5 types of drugs used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease

A
Levodopa 
Dopamine receptor agonists 
MAO-B Inhibitors 
Catechol-o-methytransferase inhibitors (COMT)
Miscellaneous
2
Q

Levodopa - 4 different drugs

A

IR: Sinemet (l-dopa + c-dopa)
Madopar (l-dopa + benserazide)

SR: Sinemet CR,
Madopar CR

3
Q

Dopamine receptor agonists: 5 types

A

Ergoline derivatives: Bromocriptine (selective D2 ra + partial D1 ra)
Pergolide Mesylate: directly stimulate both D1 and D2 receptors
Ropinirole + Pramipexole: D2 affinity
Rotigotine: early symptoms (TD patch)
Apomorhphine: potent da agonist (D4)

4
Q

MAO-B inhibitors: 2 types

A

Selegiline

Rasagiline

5
Q

Catecol-o-methyltransferase inhibitors (COMT): 3 types

A

Tolcapone
Entacapone
Opicapone

6
Q

Miscellaneous: 2 types

A

Anticholinergics

Amantadine

7
Q

Side effects: Levodopa

Bonus Q: how do we make it better?

A

N+V – made better by adding DOPA decarboxylase inhibitors (Carbidopa)

Dry mouth, drowsiness, dyskinesia, confusion, insomnia

8
Q

Side effects: Dopamine-Receptor antagonists

A

GIT, arrhythmias, postural hypotension, drowsiness, sudden onset of sleep, dyskinesia, confusion, insomnia
*impulse control disorder

9
Q

Levodopa: Interactions

A

Increased risk of postural hypotension with anti-HPT

10
Q

Side Effects: MAO-B inhibitors

A

Lower tyramine levels, can block MAOA at high doses = HPT

11
Q

Mechanism of action: MAO-B inhibitors

A

Prevent break down of DA (naturally occurring or from LDOPA) = increase levels

12
Q

Interactions: MAO-B inhibitors

A

Fatal hyperthermia with meperidine, cocaine, fluoxetine

13
Q

Side Effects: Catechol-o-methyltransferase inhibitors

A

N+D, confusion, sleep disorders, orange urine, dyskinesias, abdominal pain

14
Q

Mechanism of action - Catechol-o-methyltransferase

A

Diminish peripheral metabolism of levodopa

15
Q

Side effects: Anticholinergics

A

Constipation, blurred vision, dry mouth, urinary retentions, confusion, memory loss

16
Q

Side effects: Amantadine

A

Confusion, insomnia, nightmares, leg swelling, hallucinations, can’t concentrate

17
Q

Mechanism of Actions: Anticholinergics

A

Decrease ACh activity

18
Q

Mechanism of action: Amantadine

A

Increase DA release in striatum, blocks NMDA glutamate receptors