Parliament

Question 1

What is the executive government?

Answer 1

Have power to put law into action

Question 2

What power does Parliament have ?

Answer 2

Power to make and change the law

Question 3

What is the power of the judiciary?

Answer 3

Power to make judgments on law

Question 4

What is the House of Commons?

Answer 4

Makes the important decisions
20 cabinet ministers
Made up of elected mps elected by their constituency’s
PM elected in general election
Government forms party with MPs

Question 5

What is the House of Lords?

Answer 5

92 Heredatory members
Have to be made a lord
Unelected

Question 6

Functions of Parliament:PM

Answer 6

Leader if the single largest party
Command an overall majority in the commons
Eg. Boris Johnson, Theresa May, Rishi Sunak, John Major, David Cameron

Question 7

Functions of parliament:The Speaker

Answer 7

Try’s to keep order and ensured as many mps as possible across the range are allowed to speak during debates
Eg. Michael Martin was forced to resign due to expenses scandal

Question 8

Functions of Parliament-Leader of the a House of Commons

Answer 8

Governments business manager, their job tos EE that from an executive perspective the commons runs smoothly and that bills are properly timetables
Eg. He,d by prominent eurosceotic Jacob Rees-Mogg following the 2019 election

Question 9

Functions of Parliament: the whip

Answer 9

In charge of party discipline and ensuring as far as they can that MPs stay loyal and got the way their leaders dictate
Eg.Nadine Domies suspended for appearing on reality TV without informing the party

Question 10

Functions of Parliament- front bench

Answer 10

Members of governing party who are also ministers on the government and also to opposition who are shadow ministers
Eg. Rachel reeves, brigitte Phillipson

Question 11

Functions of Parliament:backbenchers

Answer 11

Ordinary MPs who are neither shadow ministers or loyal to the party, especially those wanted to be promoted to front bench
Eg. Jeremy Corbyn rebelled against labour government making him one of the rebellious backbenchers

Question 12

Example of Parliament becoming more diverse

Answer 12

Nancy astir was the first female MP in 1919, By December 2019 there was 220 female MPs
1987 only 3 black MPs
2019 65 were BAMW
41% of labour mps are female
2024 87 ethnicity minority MPs

Question 13

What is secondary legislation

Answer 13

Refers to provisions within primary legislation for the relevant minister to introduce new clauses or changed.
Eg. Misuse of drugs act 1971 allows government to more easily add drugs to the list of banned substances as information about their harm becomes apparent

Question 14

Banckbench Mps and legislation

Answer 14

MPs can draft their own bills, they do this through the use of private member bills
Eg. Christopher Chope flooding the system to block it
Abortion act 1967 and abortion of capital punishment. 1965

Question 16

Ballot bills

Answer 16

Only stood a chance of getting passed if they are uncontoversial and the government doesn’t oppose them
Eg. Assaults on emergency workers act 2018 increased penalties for those attacking emergency workers

Question 17

What are the ten minute bill rules

Answer 17

Policy aspirations put into legislative language in order to secure a 10 minute speaking slot during prime time in the house of common. Chance for backbenchers to raise issues relating to their constituencies opposed to passing legislation
Eg. Guardianship( missing persons) act 2017 new legal status of guardian of the affairs of a missing person, allowing someone to act in missing persons interest after 90 days or more

Question 18

What are presentation bills

Answer 18

Any MPs is permitted to introduce a bill of their choice. Can be used to address non-controversial policy issues
Eg. Cooper-Lewis and Benn acts were implemented as MPs took control of no-deal Brexit

Question 19

Indirect backbench pressure on government legislation

Answer 19

Backbenchers from governing party influence legislation before the bill reaches the Commons. Government sometimes introduces legislation due to pressure from their own backbenchers
Eg. Corporate manslaughter bill 2006- persuaded by labour government- Tony Blair

Question 20

What is the mandate model

Answer 20

MPs aren’t independent, can’t make their own decisions as they repsent a party and their constituents
MPs have to obey the whips
MPs support the party manifesto
Party that secures the MPs place not the individual themselves

Question 21

What is the delegate model

Answer 21

MPs should convey the views of others
MPs ignore their own and parties views to benefit their constituents

Question 22

What is the Trustee/Burkean Model

Answer 22

A representative has been voted in so should make decisions based off their own judgment
Voting for a person not a party

Question 23

What effects how MPs vote

Answer 23

Whips
If MPs are new to the party
Interest groups

Question 24

What is a public bill committee

Answer 24

Go through legislation line by line and can make changes to the bill, government always ensures it has a majority of loyal MPs on each public bill committee so changed to bill are unlikely, numbers on each committte vary between 16 and 20, parliamentary scrutiny bills is arguably when the house of committee d is at its weakest
Eg. Extensive esystem of department select committtes set up- chaired by MPs with strong background in the field

Question 25

Effectiveness of public bill committees

Answer 25

Allows backbench MPs to scrutinise legislation Two joint chairs- one from governing party one from other Make effective cabbages to government bills Provides opportunities for pressure groups

Question 26

Limitations of public bill committees

Answer 26

Shyam,my included relevant gov ministers Membership decided in proportion to party strength in the commons, gov always has a majority 0.5% of ammendment bills are accepted membership is temporary memberhsul dedoctee to party whips

Question 28

What are select committees

Answer 28

Most significant of all parla in committees Check the government and public bodies are doing their job properly and sounding taxpayers money efficiently

Question 29

Public accounts committee 1857

Answer 29

How gov spends money- inquiries HS2 rai, project Elected by a secret ballot of all mos, 28 select committee in 2020 Treasury select committee urged gov to expend furlough scheme Attractive for mps seeking to advance their career

Question 30

What are lords committees

Answer 30

Least significant, much less power than commons Lords four special inquiry committees each year- COVID 19 committee to consider implications of pandemic Work similar to select committee, 12 not 11 ,embers Six main permenant committees: EU, SCIENCE SND TECH,COMMS,CONSTITUTION, ECONOMIC OFFERS,INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Investigations examine specialist subjects, taking advantage of expertise on other lords

Question 31

How can opposition challenge government

Answer 31

Official opposition has special privledges in debates and commons business 20 opposition days where they choose what to debate, 17 to official opposition then 3 to the rest Used to raise profile of issues where gov is failing, grenfell tower, nhs privatisation 2009, allowed Gurkhas to settle in uk Members if shadow cabinet can ask questions of ministers, propose alternatives Select committee report