Parmachological treatments Flashcards
(16 cards)
Metformin
- activates AMPK
- inhibits hepatic glucose production
- increases glucose sensitivity
Sulfonylureas
- Closes ATP/K channels on beta cells
- increases insulin secretion
Thizolidinediones
- activates PPARg
- insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues
A glucosidase inhibitors
Acarbose
- inhibits intestinal absorption of CHO
- inhibits intestinal a-glucosidase
Meglitineides
- closes ATP/K channels on beta cells
- increases insulin secretion
Insulin injection
- increases glucose uptake
- inhibits hepatic glucose production etc
GLP-1 analog
- activates GLP-1
- increases insulin secretion
- slows gastric emptying, increases satiety, and decreases glucagon secretion
DPP4 inhibitors
- inhibits DPP4 to increase GLP-1 levels
advantages/disadvantages of Metformin
+ costs, improved lipids, less CVD risks
- GI intolerance, lactic acidosis
advantages/disadvantages of Sulfonylureas
+ costs, low microvascular risks, quick
- hypoglycemia, weight gain, some do not respond well
advantages/disadvantages of Thiazolidediones
+ improved lipid profile, anti-inflammatory action?
- liver toxicity, edema, heart failure, weight gain, CVD events
advantages/disadvantages of a-glucosidase inhibitors
+ reduced postprandial hyperglycemia
- GI tract
advantages/disadvantages of meglitinides
+ works quickly
- hypoglycemia, weight gain, low durability, costly
advantages/disadvantages of insulin
+ effective, low microvascular risks
- hypoglycemia, training, weight gain
advantages/disadvantages of GLP-1 analogs
+ no hypoglycemia, weight loss, ++beta cell mass and function
- nausea, vomitting, unknown long term
advantages/disadvantages of DPP4 inhibitors
+ no hypoglycemia, ++ beta cell mass and function
- nausea, vomitting, unknown
