Parotid

Question 1

what is the queen of the face

Answer 1

Facial nerve

Question 2

What is the parotid Gland

Answer 2

It is the largest of 3 pairs of salivary glands, it is composed of serous alveoli. Lobulated, yellowish and 25g

Question 3

What is the location of the Parotid Gland

Answer 3

In pyramidal fossa, Below External acoustic meatus, Btw Ramus of Mandible and Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 4

What makes up the Ant Boundary

Answer 4

Masseter

Question 5

The capsule splits_____to enclose

Answer 5

btw angle of mandible and mastoid process

Question 6

Superficial lamina (capsule)

Answer 6

Thick and adherent to gland, attached at zygomatic arch

Question 7

Deep lamina (capsule)

Answer 7

Thin and attached to Styloid process, mandible, tympanic plate

Question 8

Relations of Posteromedial Surface

Answer 8

Mastoid process with sterno…, post belly of digastric - styloid process……..maxillary artery leaves

Question 9

Relations of Anteromedial Surface

Answer 9

Masseter… - Post. Border of Ramus of Mandible - Medial pterygoid - Lat surf of Temporomandibular joint - Emerging branches of facial nerve

Question 10

What structures emerge through Apex

Answer 10

Cervical branch of F nerve - the 2 divisions of retromandibular vein(ant and post)

Question 11

Structures emerging at Ant Border

Answer 11

TZB terminal branches of F nerve - Parotid duct - Transverse facial vessels

Question 12

Posterior border

Answer 12

Overlaps Sterno muscle

Emerges
Post. Auricular vein, nerve, artery

Question 13

Medial border

Answer 13

related to lateral wall of pharynx

Question 14

List arteries within Parotid gland

Answer 14

ECA - Maxillary artery - Superficial temporal vessels, Post auricular artery

Question 15

Facial nerve enters and exits through

Answer 15

enters, upper posteromedial surface - branches leave, anteromedial surface

Question 16

What is the largest of the salivary glands?

Answer 16

The parotid gland.

Question 17

Where is the parotid gland located?

Answer 17

Below the external acoustic meatus, between the ramus of the mandible and sternocleidomastoid.

Question 18

What structure does the anterior portion of the parotid gland overlap?

Answer 18

The masseter muscle.

Question 19

What is the detached part of the forward extension of the parotid gland called?

Answer 19

The accessory parotid gland.

Question 20

How many surfaces does the parotid gland have?

Answer 20

Four surfaces: superior, superficial, anteromedial, and posteromedial.

Question 21

How many borders does the parotid gland have?

Answer 21

Three borders: anterior, posterior, and medial.

Question 22

What forms the capsule of the parotid gland?

Answer 22

The investing layer of the deep cervical fascia.

Question 23

Which ligament separates the parotid from the submandibular gland?

Answer 23

The stylomandibular ligament.

Question 24

What are the relations of the apex of the parotid gland?

Answer 24

Overlaps the posterior belly of the digastric muscle and carotid triangle.

Question 25

What are the structures related to the superior surface of the parotid gland?

Answer 25

External acoustic meatus, temporomandibular joint, superficial temporal vessels, and auriculotemporal nerve.

Question 26

What are the main contents of the superficial surface of the parotid gland?

Answer 26

Skin, superficial fascia (with great auricular nerve), preauricular lymph nodes, and parotid fascia.

Question 27

What structure grooves the anteromedial surface of the parotid gland?

Answer 27

The posterior border of the ramus of the mandible.

Question 28

What artery enters the parotid gland from its posteromedial surface?

Answer 28

The external carotid artery.

Question 29

What veins are formed within the parotid gland?

Answer 29

The retromandibular vein is formed by the union of the superficial temporal and maxillary veins.

Question 30

How long is the parotid duct?

Answer 30

About 5 cm long.

Question 31

What muscle does the parotid duct run across before turning medially?

Answer 31

The masseter muscle.

Question 32

What structures are pierced by the parotid duct before opening into the oral cavity?

Answer 32

Buccal pad of fat, buccopharyngeal fascia, and buccinator muscle.

Question 33

Where does the parotid duct open into the oral cavity?

Answer 33

Opposite the crown of the upper second molar tooth.

Question 34

What is the blood supply of the parotid gland?

Answer 34

The external carotid artery and its branches (e.g., superficial temporal artery).

Question 35

What is the lymphatic drainage of the parotid gland?

Answer 35

Lymph drains first into the parotid lymph nodes and then into upper deep cervical nodes.

Question 36

What is the parasympathetic nerve supply to the parotid gland?

Answer 36

The auriculotemporal nerve (branch of the mandibular nerve) carries postganglionic parasympathetic fibers.

Question 37

Where do the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland originate?

Answer 37

in the inferior salivatory nucleus.

Question 38

Through which nerve do preganglionic parasympathetic fibers travel to reach the otic ganglion?

Answer 38

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), via its tympanic branch and the lesser petrosal nerve.

Question 39

What is the sympathetic innervation of the parotid gland?

Answer 39

Sympathetic fibers are vasomotor, derived from the plexus around the external carotid artery.

Question 40

What nerve provides sensory innervation to the parotid gland and its fascia?

Answer 40

Sensory innervation to the parotid gland is via the auriculotemporal nerve, while the parotid fascia is supplied by the great auricular nerve (C2).