Part 1

Question 1

What is the central field of vision?

Answer 1

A 25-30 degree area of vision around the fixation point

Question 2

To photograph the posterior pole, the center of focus is

Answer 2

between the macula & the optic disc

Question 3

What is first seen (recorded) in fluorescein angiography?

Answer 3

Choroidal flush

Question 4

Which of the following properly represents the steps used to convert a spherocylindrical lens into its spherical equivalent?

Answer 4

Divide the cylinder power in half then add the spherical power

Question 5

What are the two types of bridges located on a spectacle frame?

Answer 5

Keyhole & saddle

Question 6

Part of the rules for transposition is to change the axis of the cylinder by how many degrees?

Answer 6

90

Question 7

What is a contraindication to contact lens wear?

Answer 7

seizure disorders

Question 8

Spectacle blur is unclear vision associated with

Answer 8

changing from contacts to spectacles

Question 9

changing the base curve of a contact lens changes the fitting characteristics of that lens due to a change in sagittal depth. increasing the base curve radius of a contact lens while maintaining the same diameter will cause the lens to fit

Answer 9

flatter & looser

Question 10

Extended wear contact lenses are made of materials that allow greater permeability of

Answer 10

oxygen

Question 11

daily wear contact lenses should be removed each night or patients are at greater risk of developing what condition

Answer 11

corneal edema

Question 12

which ocular tissue produces A-scan spikes

Answer 12

lens

Question 13

Advances in digital imaging technology facilitated the practical use of what type of dye

Answer 13

indocyanine green

Question 14

what is the condition where parallel rays of light come to focus at a point just in front of the retina with respect to the unaccommodated eye?

Answer 14

myopia

Question 15

what is the purpose of dilating the eye?

Answer 15

Allow a more complete posterior segment exam

Question 16

which type of imaging provides a cross-sectional view of the retina that is useful in evaluating glaucoma?

Answer 16

Optical coherence tomography

Question 17

what imaging technique does NOT provide a color-coded map?

Answer 17

indocyanine green chorioangiography (ICG)

Question 18

Which of the following is the BEST method for kinetic testing of the central visual field?

Answer 18

Tangent screen

Question 19

In what phase is the “choroidal flush” seen

Answer 19

Pre-arterial

Question 20

A statement that describes the BEST use of A-scan ultrasonography would be to

Answer 20

define the size & location of intraocular masses

Question 21

Which instrument is BEST suited to evaluate the refractive states of the eye?

Answer 21

Retinoscope

Question 22

What does the abbreviation JCAHPO stand for?

Answer 22

Joint Commission on Allied Health Personnel in Ophthalmology.

Question 23

What does an orthoptist do?

Answer 23

evaluation and treatment of eye movement problems and binocular vision. They are uniquely trained to treat disorders such as amblyopia, genetic disorders, and complex pediatric and adult strabismus.

Question 24

Which eye care professional can fit a patient with a prosthetic eye?

Answer 24

ocularist

Question 25

What is the primary function of the medial rectus muscle?

Answer 25

an adductor, allow the eyes to move from side to side

Question 26

The Rea between the two focal points of a spherocylindrical lens is called the Conoid of

Answer 26

Sturm

Question 27

Consensual (relating to or involving consent) light reflex in the right eye results in

Answer 27

right pupil constriction

Question 28

What is the term for pupillary constriction?

Answer 28

miosis

Question 29

Stereoacuity testing js indicated if a patient has

Answer 29

a phoria

Question 30

What is the best way to perform the worth 4 dot test on a child

Answer 30

Ask which color the child sees

Question 31

What examination distinguishes a constant tropia from an intermittent tropia

Answer 31

the cover-uncover test

Question 32

The results of keratometry can be expressed in

Answer 32

diopters

Question 33

which process is useful for measuring corneal astigmatism

Answer 33

keratometry

Question 34

the purpose of keratometry is to measure the

Answer 34

curvature of the anterior corneal surface

Question 35

what type of corneal astigmatism does a keratometry reading of 42.25/44.75x090 indicated?

Answer 35

with the rule

Question 36

what is the number of a target illuminator replacement bulb

Answer 36

12419

Question 37

what is the diameter of the plastic prism comprised of a flat surface within the application tonometer?

Answer 37

3.0mm

Question 38

the calibration of the Goldmann application tonometer should be checked at which settings

Answer 38

0,2,6

Question 39

which type of tonometer is hunter on a slit lamp?

Answer 39

applanation

Question 40

which statement correctly refers to the letters on the Snellen chart

Answer 40

even though they each subtend the same mount of arc, some letters are easier to recognize than others

Question 41

the autopilot tangent screen measures the

Answer 41

supra threshold kinetic field

Question 42

The Ampler Grid is designed to evaluate visual field deficiencies in how many degrees of central vision

Answer 42

20

Question 43

Symptoms associated with a red, irritated, bloodshot eye are MOST likely due to

Answer 43

conjuctivitis

Question 44

The fact that most glasses have a downward tilt to minimize oblique astigmatism is called

Answer 44

pantoscopic tilt

Question 45

What is the result of a loss of accommodation?

Answer 45

presbyopia

Question 46

What is the ocular structure with the greatest refractive power?

Answer 46

Cornea

Question 47

What test illuminates the screen with a filter that is red on one side &green on the other?

Answer 47

Duochrome

Question 48

The distance from the anterior surface of the eye to the back surface of the spectacle lens is the

Answer 48

vertex distance

Question 49

Retinoscopy is an example of what type of refractometry?

Answer 49

Objective

Question 50

If a lesion is more anterior & is located toward one side, that may affect the junctional area involving the optic nerve of one eye & the inferior nasal fibers of the other eye. The eye on the side of the lesion will have what type of optic defect?

Answer 50

Central scotoma

Question 51

When performing the swinging flashlight test on a patient with a relative afferent pupillary defect (Marcus-Gunn pupil) in the left eye, the expected findings would be a(n)

Answer 51

Constriction of both pupil with direct light OD & dilation of both pupils when the light "swings" to OS

Question 52

Visual acuity of 6/12 is equivalent to

Answer 52

20/40

Question 53

The measurement used to determine the distance between the optical centers of spectacle lenses is the

Answer 53

pupillary distnace

Question 54

What part of the spectacle frame connects the two lenses

Answer 54

Bridge

Question 55

A lens with the focal length of 2 meters has a power of

Answer 55

0.50D

Question 56

What is the ONLY accurate method for measuring pupillary distance?

Answer 56

Light reflex method

Question 57

On the back of a frame are a few figures such as 46x22. What do these numbers represents?

Answer 57

Lens & bridge size

Question 58

How many nerves innervate (supply) the six extra ocular muscles/

Answer 58

3

Question 59

Which test uses prisms to center the corneal reflex

Answer 59

Krimsky

Question 60

Which tool is a series of red cylinders to assess phoria?

Answer 60

Maddox rod

Question 61

Evaluating the range & symmetry of motion of both eyes together is known as

Answer 61

versions

Question 62

Killing of the HIV & other viruses on the application prism is BEST accomplished by soaking in

Answer 62

Sodium hypochlorite (chlorine bleach)

Question 63

What drug is used during tonometry to anesthetize the eye

Answer 63

Proparacaine

Question 64

In applantion tonometry, excessive width of the mires can indicated

Answer 64

Too much fluorescein

Question 65

What is the MAIN advantage of the application tonometer compared with the indentation tonometer?

Answer 65

it is more accurate

Question 66

If the amount of light information transmitted from the brain to one eye differs from that of the other eye, the patient has a(n)

Answer 66

afferent pupillary defect

Question 67

What is the term for the "bending of light"

Answer 67

refraction

Question 68

In what phase is the "choroidal flush" seen?

Answer 68

Pre-arterial

Question 69

Which instrument is best suited to evaluate the refractive states of the eye?

Answer 69

Retinoscope

Question 70

A statement that describes the BEST use of A-scan ultrasonography would be to

Answer 70

define the size & location of intraocular masses

Question 71

What ocular tissue does the A-scan spike labelled A & B represent?

Answer 71

lens

Question 72

A patient's prescription from a referring doctor is written in minus cylinder notation, while your ophthalmologist works in plus cylinder. Transpose the following prescription: +2.25 -0.75 x165, +3.75 -1.25 x003

Answer 72

+1.50 +0.75 x075, +2.50 +1.25 x093

Question 73

Of the various lasers used in ophthalmology, which type has the shortest wavelength?

Answer 73

Excimer

Question 74

Which instrument is used in Chalzion surgery

Answer 74

Clamp

Question 75

Before sterilization, minor surgical instruments should be

Answer 75

Cleaned with soapy water

Question 76

Probing of the tear duct MAY BE useful treatment for patients with

Answer 76

Epihora

Question 77

A granulated inflammation of the eyelid that MAY BE removed surgically if it does not subside is a

Answer 77

Chalazion

Question 78

An ophthalmologist asks you to educated a patent on cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation, which of the following is correct

Answer 78

An implant replaces the eye's crystalline lens

Question 79

The ophthalmologist asks for the room & equipment to be prepared for a patient who will undergo a minor surgical procedure. What may be the procedure that is going to be performed if electrolysis (removal of hair roots or small blemishes on the skin by the application of heat using an electric current) has been selected as the preferred treatment?

Answer 79

Trichiasis

Question 80

How soon should aspirin & other blood thinners be discontinued prior to cataract surgery

Answer 80

1 wk

Question 81

What is the MOST important instruction regarding the instillation of eye drops?

Answer 81

Pull down the lower lid

Question 82

What cycloplegia agent produces the longest lasting effect

Answer 82

Atropine Sulfate

Question 83

What is the principle mode of action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors when used for the treatment of glaucoma?

Answer 83

Reduction in the amount of aqueous formed by the ciliary body

Question 84

What is a cycloplegia that is ideal for office use because it is relatively weak & is primarily used for its dilating ability

Answer 84

Tropicamide

Question 85

What type of drug is used to treat acute allergic reactions?

Answer 85

Antihistamines

Question 86

Which eye drop inactivated the sphincter muscle of the iris?

Answer 86

Cycloplegic

Question 87

Patients most commonly cite which systemic drug as producing an allergic of bad reaction?

Answer 87

Ampicillin

Question 88

Ampicillin

Answer 88

a medication used to manage and treat certain bacterial infections. It is in the penicillin class of medications. Ampicillin was developed to overcome the issue of drug resistance and extend the antimicrobial coverage of penicillins.

Question 89

Which of the following modes of drug delivery involves placing the drug directly on the surface of the eye?

Answer 89

Topical

Question 90

What is an important factor in the delivery of eye medications?

Answer 90

Prolonging medication contact time with the eye

Question 91

What is the term for the "determine" of the hands?

Answer 91

Scrubbing

Question 92

What is a possible side effect of Ampicillin?

Answer 92

Anaphylactic reaction

Question 93

What is the term for the concentration of chemical in a pharmaceutical solution?

Answer 93

Tonicity

Question 94

What is the term for the condition where the crystalline lens of the eye or its capsule, or both, becomes opaque, with consequent loss of visual acuity?

Answer 94

cataract

Question 95

What is the name of the visual receptors that processed color?

Answer 95

Cones

Question 96

What two items are used to clean the following lenses: retinoscopy, polarizing, red & Maddox rod?

Answer 96

Cotton tip swab & glass cleaner

Question 97

Maddox rod

Answer 97

can be used to subjectively detect and measure a latent, manifest, horizontal or vertical strabismus for near and distance.

Question 98

Almost all patients who enter the ophthalmologist's office require a determination of what status regrading their eyes?

Answer 98

Refractive error

Question 99

What is a symptom of hyperthyroidism

Answer 99

shortness of breath

Question 100

what is the name of the condition where a fibrovascular growth forms on the conjunctiva to a portion of the cornea

Answer 100

pterygium

Question 101

pinguecula

Answer 101

a small, raised, white- or yellow-colored growth that is limited to the conjunctiva; it can occur on the inner or outer side of the eye. A pinguecula may contain deposits of protein, fat or calcium.

Question 102

What strength of the middle segment in a trifocal lens is

Answer 102

50% of the strength of the reading segment add

Question 103

For which one of the following in-office surgeries might an ophthalmologist ask that the operative site be prepped with topical 2% providing-iodine

Answer 103

chalazion excision