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Part 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Bundle of neural processes outside the central nervous syste; a portion of the perpheral nervous system

A

Nerve

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2
Q

The extensive, intricate network of structures that activates, coordinates, and controls all functions of the body

A

Nervous system

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3
Q

Charge difference between the fluid outside and inside a cell that results in differences in the distrubution of ions

A

Resting potential

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4
Q

Junction between two neurons or between a neuron and an effector organ, where neural impulses are transmitted by electrical or chemical means

A

Synapse

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5
Q

Type of lesion of the trigeminal nerve involving facial pain

A

Trigeminal Neuraglia

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6
Q

Rapid depolarization of the cell membrane that results in propagation of the nerve impulse along the membrane

A

Action Potential

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7
Q

Sensory nerve that carries informations from the periphery of the body to the brain or spinal cord

A

Afferent nerve

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8
Q

The loss of feeling or sensation resulting from the use of certain drugs or gases that serve as inhibitory neurotransmitters

A

Anesthesia

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9
Q

Type of unilateral facial paralysis involving the facial nerve

A

Bell’s Palsy

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10
Q

Motor nerve that carries information away from the brain or spinal cord to the perihery of the body

A

Efferent nerve

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11
Q

Loss of action of the facial muscles

A

Facial paralysis

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12
Q

Accumulation of neruron cell bodies outside the central nervous system

A

Ganglion

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13
Q

Supply of nerves to tissues or organs

A

Innervation

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14
Q

Cellular component of the nervous system that is individiually composed of a cell body and neural processes

A

Neuron

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15
Q

Chemical agent from the neuron that is discharged with the arrival of the action potential, diffuses across the synapse, and binds to receptors on another cell membrane

A

Neurotransmitter

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16
Q

Components of the cental nervous system (CNS)

A

Brain and spinal cord

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17
Q

Components of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)

A

Consists of nerves that extend from the brain and the spinal cord

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18
Q

Spinal nerves carry impulses to and from the

A

Spinal cord

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19
Q

Cranial nerves carry impulses to and from the

A

Brain

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20
Q

Afferent nerves are

A

Sensory nerves

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21
Q

Efferent nerves are

A

Motor nerves

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22
Q

Somatic nervous system is

A

Voluntary

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23
Q

Autonomic nervous sytem is

A

Involuntary

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24
Q

Sympathetic nervous system is

A

Fight or flight

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25
Parasympathetic nervous system is
Rest and digest
26
Symptoms of the parasympathetic division
Blood pressure maintained Respiratory rates are lower Digestive tract is actively working Skin is warm Pupils are constricted
27
Heart sympathetic effect
Increases rate and force
28
Heart parasympathetic effect
Decease rate and steadies heart
29
Lungs sympathetic effect
Dialates bronchioles
30
Lungs parasympathetic effect
Contstricts bronchioles
31
Blood vessels sympathetic effect
Constricts blood vessels in non vital viscera, skin Dilates skeletal muscles Increases blood pressure
32
Blood vessels parasympathetic effect
No effect
33
Sweat glands sympathetic effect
Stimulates to procude perspiration
34
Sweat glands parasympathetic effect
No effect
35
Serum glucose level sympathetic effect
Increases
36
Serum glucose level parasympathetic effect
Decreases
37
Digestive system sympathetic effect
Decreases activity Constricts anal sphincters
38
Digestive system parasympathetic effect
Increases peristalsis Increses secretions Relaxes
39
Urinary system sympathetic effect
Contricts Decreases activity
40
Unirary system parasympathetic effect
Relax bladder
41
List the12 pairs of cranial nerves
Olfactory Optic Oculomotor Trochlear Trigeminal - Ophthalmic - Maxillary - Mandibular Abducens Facial Vestibulocochlear Glossopharyngeal Vagus Accessory Hypoglossal
42
What type of nerve is cranial nerve I, Olfactory?
Afferent
43
What type of nerve is cranial nerve II, Optic?
Afferent
44
What type of nerve is CN III, Oculomotor?
Efferent
45
What type of nerve is CN IV, Trochlear?
Efferent
46
What type of nerve is CN V, Trigeminal?
Afferent & Efferent
47
What type of nerve is V1 of CN V Trigeminal, Ophthalmic?
Afferent
48
What type of nerve is V2 of CN V Trigeminal, Maxillary?
Afferent
49
What type of nerve is V3 of CN V, Trigeminal, Mandibular?
Afferent & Efferent
50
What type of nerve is CN VI, Abducens?
Efferent
51
What type of nerve is CN VII, Facial?
Afferent & Efferent
52
What type of nerve is CN VIII, Vestibulocochlear?
Afferent
53
What type of nerve is CN IX, Glossopharyngeal?
Afferent & Efferent
54
What type of nerve is CN X, Vagus?
Afferent & Efferent
55
What type of nerve is CN XI, Accessory?
Efferent
56
What type of nerve is CN XII, Hypoglossal?
Efferent
57
Function of CN I, Olfactory
Smell is transmitted from nasal mucosa to brain
58
Function of CN II, Optic
Sight is transmitted from retina to brain
59
Function of CN III, Oculomotor
Innervates eye muscles for eye movement
60
Function of CN IV, Trochlear
Innervate eye muesles for eye movement
61
Function of CN V Trigeminal VI division, Ophthalmic
Sensation to upper face and scalp
62
Function of CN V Trigeminal VII division, Maxillary
Sensation to middle face
63
Function of CN V Trigeminal VIII division, Mandibular
Afferent: sensation to lower face Efferent: innervates mastication and cranial muscles
64
Function of CN VI, Abducens
Lateral eye movements
65
Function of CN VII, Facial
Afferent: Sensation to skin behind ear, body of tongue, taste buds Efferent: Innervates muscles of facial expression Parasympathetic: innervaets lacrimal gland, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
66
Function of CN VIII, Vestibulocochlear
Hearing and balance of inner ear to brain
67
Function of CN IX, Glossopharyngeal
Afferent: Senstation to oropharynx, base of tongue, taste, "gag reflex" Efferent: Innervate stylopharyngeal and pharyngeal muscles
68
Function of CN X, Vagus
Afferent: Sensation from skin around ear, taste for epiglottis Efferent: Innervates pharynx, larynx, esophagus, soft palate Parasympathetic: innervates thorax (thymus), abdominal organs (heart, stomach)
69
Function of CN XI, Accessory
Nerve function to trapezius/sternocleidomastoid muscle, assist CN X with soft palate/pharynx innervation
70
Function of CN XII, Hypoglossal
Innervates the tongue (somatic AKA voluntary)
71
Foramen of CN I, Olfactory
Enters the skull through the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone
72
Foramen of CN II, Optic
Enters the skull through optic canal of sphenoid bone
73
Foramen of CN III, Oculomotor
Exits the skull through the superior oribtal fissure of sphenoid bone
74
Foramen of CN IV, Trochlear
Exits skull at superior orbital fissure of sphenoid bone
75
Foramen of CN V, Trigeminal, Division VI, Ophthamlic
Enters skull through superior orbital fissure of sphenoid bone
76
Foramen of CN V, Trigeminal, Division VII, Maxillary
Enters skull through foramen rotunum of sphenoid bone
77
Foramen of CN V, Trigmeninal, Divison VIII, Mandibular
Enters and exits skull through foramen ovale of sphenoid bone
78
Foramen of CN VI, Abducens
Exits skull at superior oraibtal fissure of sphenoid bone
79
Foramen of CN VII, Facial
Afferent: Enters through the internal acoustic meatus of temporal bone Efferent: Exits through the sytlomastoid foramen of the temporal bone
80
Foramen of CN VIII, Vestibulocochlear
Enters through the internal acoustic meatus of temporal bone
81
Foramen of CN IX, Glossopharyngeal
Afferent: Enters through jugular foramen Efferent: Exits through jugular foramen PANS: Exits through foramen ovale of sphenoid bone
82
Foramen of CN X, Vagus
Enters and exits through the jugular foramen
83
Foramen of CN XI, Accessory
Exits through jugular foramen
84
Foramen of CN XII, Hypoglossal
Exits through the hypoglossal canal
85
Cranial nerves important to dentistry
Trigeminal Facial Glossopharyngeal Vagus Accessory Hypoglossal
86
Largest cranial nerve
Trigeminal
87
Longest cranial nerve
Vagus
88
Most important nerve to dentistry
Trigeminal

Nervous System (2 decks)

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