Part 1

Question 1

Regions of the Brain

Answer 1

1. Cerebrum
2. Cerebellum
3. Brain Stem
   - (Diencephalon)
4. Midbrain
5. Pons
6. Medulla oblongata

Question 2

-Largest part of brain
-Interprets sensory info
-controls higher mental functions
-sends motor commands

Answer 2

Cerebrum

Question 3

Cerebrum is divided into ? by?

Answer 3

L and R cerebral hemispheres
divided by Longitudinal fissure

Question 4

Surface of Cerebrum is made of ? called?

Answer 4

Gray matter called neural cortex or cerebral cortex

Question 5

these surface are Highly folded for what

Answer 5

For increase surface area

Question 6

Elevated ridges

Answer 6

gyri

Question 7

Shallow depressions

Answer 7

sulci

Question 8

Deep grooves

Answer 8

fissures

Question 9

-Second largest part of brain
-Function is for Coordination of movements, time keeping

Answer 9

Cerebellum

Question 10

Cerebellum is divided into?
and connected by?

Answer 10

L & R cerebellar hemisphere connected by Vermis

Question 11

Cerebellum surface is ?

Answer 11

gray matter called Cerebellar Cortex

Question 12

deep in cerebellum white matter forms called

Answer 12

arbor vitae

Question 13

ascending from ___to ___
brain functions become more____
and more____

Answer 13

medulla oblongata to cerebrum;
more complex & more variable

Question 14

Controls most basic life sustaining functions

Answer 14

Brain stem

Question 15

examples of most basic life sustaining functions

Answer 15

HR, BP, Respirations, sleep, hunger, thirst, digestion

Question 16

these are produced in the NEURAL CORTEX and we call these

Answer 16

-conscious thoughts and intelligence
-higher level functions

Question 17

cranial meninges function

Answer 17

to protect the brain from cranial trauma

Question 18

cranial meninges layers

Answer 18

1. Dura mater
2. Arachnoid mater
3. Pia mater

Question 19

Physical Protection of the Brain

Answer 19

-Bones of the cranium
-Cranial meninges
-Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 20

Biochemical Isolation

Answer 20

Blood–brain barrier

Question 21

what are important things about dura mater

Answer 21

• Outer fibrous layer (periosteal layer) fused to
  periosteum
• No epidural space as with the spinal cord
• Inner fibrous layer (meningeal layer)
• Space beneath is subdural space
• Venous sinuses between two layers that Drain blood from brain

Question 22

what are important things about arachnoid mater?

Answer 22

Middle layer
* Smooth membrane covering surface of the brain (does not dip
into crevices)
* Subarachnoid space between arachnoid mater and pia mater

Question 23

what are important things about Pia mater

Answer 23

• On brain surface
• Only the pia matter enters sulci

Question 24

when blood accumulates in the subdural space is it called

Answer 24

subdural hematoma

Question 25

space between periosteal and meningeal layers of dura mater that Drain blood from brain

Answer 25

venous sinuses

Question 26

forms when inner layer of dura mater Extend into fissures

Answer 26

Dural folds

Question 27

3 largest dural folds & locations

Answer 27

1. Falx cerebri – between cerebral hemispheres 2. Tentorium cerebelli - separates cerebellum and cerebrum 3. Falx cerebelli – divides cerebellar hemispheres below the tentorium cerebelli

Question 28

- Cushions delicate neural structures -Gives the brain buoyancy - Transports nutrients, chemical messengers, and waste products

Answer 28

CSF

Question 29

Csf gives the brain buoyancy which decreases___weight

Answer 29

effective

Question 30

in the ventricles, blood is filtered out of the vessels in the ___and across the____

Answer 30

choroid plexus and ependyma

Question 31

controls the composition of Csf and secretes it into the ventricles

Answer 31

Ependymal cells

Question 32

csf flows thru___&___ bathes____ flows thru____ and csf re enters the blood in____

Answer 32

ventricles & central canal outer surface of brain subarachnoid space venous sinuses

Question 33

-Abnormal accumulation of CSF in the brain ___head of infant and can lead to____

Answer 33

Hydrocephalus enlarged neural tissue damage

Question 34

a constant blood supply to the brain is integral because neural tissue depends almost entirely on_____to make atp. this means that it need____at all times.

Answer 34

-glucose metabolism -glucose & oxygen

Question 35

When blood flow to an area of the brain is inhibited in some way, a stroke or _occurs:

Answer 35

Cerebrovascular accident CVA

Question 36

When blood flow is blocked by a blood clot, the stroke is called a _____________ stroke.

Answer 36

thrombotic stroke

Question 37

When blood flow is inhibited because of a bleed or hemorrhage in a vessel, the stroke is called a _______________

Answer 37

Hemorrhagic stroke

Question 38

If a patient had a stroke in the Left cerebral hemisphere, where would the symptoms be present? Why?

Answer 38

Hemispheric lateralization

Question 39

purpose of the blood brain barrier?

Answer 39

isolates CNS neural tissue from general circulation

Question 40

The BBB is formed by ______________ ____________ between ____________ cells. (these cells are cells that line____________ ______________)

Answer 40

-tight junctions between endothelial cells. -blood vessels

Question 41

control and maintain the blood brain barrier (enclose vessels with their processes and induce the formation of tight junctions between endothelial cells)

Answer 41

Astrocytes

Question 42

Formed by tight junctions between EPENDYMAL CELLS that surround the capillaries of the CHOROID PLEXUS.

Answer 42

Blood-Csf barrier

Question 43

Blood CSF Barrier is formed by ?

Answer 43

Formed by tight junctions between EPENDYMAL CELLS that surround the capillaries of the CHOROID PLEXUS.

Question 44

Why do we not maintain a blood brain barrier in the vessels surrounding the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and pineal gland?

Answer 44

1. Portions of hypothalamus * Secrete hypothalamic hormones 2. Pituitary gland * Secretes pituitary hormones 3. Pineal gland * Pineal hormone secretions 4. Choroid plexus * Where special ependymal cells maintain blood–CSF barrier