Part 1 Flashcards
(37 cards)
What are the three cell components we go over?
Cell membrane, cytoplasmic organelles, Nucleus
What is inside of cells?
Water, nucleus, and organelles.
What is the water inside of cells called?
Cytoplasm
What is outside of cells?
Also water!
What inside the cell might change from cell to cell? Why?
The size of the cells nucleus and the number of organelles. Differs depending on how active the cell must be. Depends on the job it has to do.
Give an example of what a certain cell might need more or less of.
Ex: A muscle cell needs more mitochondria than other kinds of cells due to having to do more work.
What are the four main functions of a cell membrane?
Physical Isolation,
Regulation of exchange in cell’s environment,
Communication between cell and its environment,
Structural support
Describe the key cell membrane function of physical isolation.
Keeps whats inside inside and selectively allows things in and out.
Describe the key cell membrane function of regulating exchange in the cells environment.
Helps keep intracellular environment the way its meant to be. Keeps sugar, ions, and water, ect. at the proper level.
Describe the key cell membrane function of communicating between cell and its environment
Sends messages to other cells or outside of the cell to the body. Extracellular communication.
Describe the key cell membrane function of structural support? Examples?
Cell membranes can be different shapes and they need to hold them. A cell needs to maintain its correct shape to maintain its structure.
Ex: A skin cell verses the shape of a neuron.
What are proteins made up of? q
Polypeptides?
WHat are polypeptides made up of?
Peptides
What are peptides made up of?
Amino Acids
What is the main component of cell membranes?
Phospholipids
What is the cell membrane model called?
The fluid mosaic model
Describe the fluid mosaic model
Phospholipids arranged in a bilayer with the tails facing each other and the heads facing towards the outside of the cell and the inside of the cell.
Which part of the phospholidids is polar? What does this mean?
The heads are polar. This means that they are hydrophilic
What does hydrophilic mean?
It likes and can interact with water.
Which part of the phospholipids are non-polar? What does this mean?
The tails are nonpolar. This means they are hydrophobicW
WHat does hydrophobic mean?
They do not like or interact well with water.
Redescribe the fluid mosaic model with the idea of polarity?
Two layers of phospholipids arranged with their polar hydrophilic heads facing out protein layer and the non-polar hydrophobic tails facing each other.
What is another name for the layers of phospholipids? Describe
Leaflets! There is the inner leaflet (the phospholipid layer on the inside of the cell) and the outer leaflet (The phospholipid layer that touches the outside of the cell)
What is the inner leaflet also called?
The intracellular membrane
