Part 1

Question 1

characteristics of fungi

Answer 1

Obligate aerobe
Thallophytes (true nuclei) (heterotrophic members of the plant family that lack stems and roots)
Lack chlorophyll
Larger and with more complex morphology than bacteria
Chittin in the cell wall
Ergosterol in the cell membrane
Saprophytic
Lack of susceptibility to the antibacterial antibiotics

Question 2

Intertwining structure composed of tubular filaments known as Hyphae

Answer 2

Mycelium

Question 3

Two parts of mycelium

Answer 3

Vegetative or thallus portion
Reproductive or aerial part

Question 4

Grows in or on a substrate and absorbs water and nutrients

Answer 4

Vegetative portion or thallus

Question 5

contains fruiting bodies that produce reproductive structures (conidia or spores); extends above the agar surface

Answer 5

reproductive or aerial part

Question 6

microscopic unit of fungi

Answer 6

Hypha

Question 7

Different kinds of hypha

Answer 7

Septate
Aseptate/coenocytic/sparsely septate
Dermatiaceous
Hyaline

Question 8

Contain cross walss

Answer 8

Septate

Question 9

All fungi are septate except

Answer 9

Zygomycetes

Question 10

continous, without cross walls

Answer 10

Aseptate/Coenocytic

Question 11

Example of aseptate

Answer 11

Zygomycetes ( RHIZOPUS, MUCUR, ABSIDIA)

Question 12

Dark colored

Answer 12

Dermatiaceous

Question 13

Colorless

Answer 13

Hyaline

Question 14

Mass or colony of hyphae

Answer 14

Mycelium

Question 15

Organized body of hypae

Answer 15

Fruiting body (e.g mushroom)

Question 16

Types of fungi

Answer 16

Monomorphic fungi
Dimorphic fungi

Question 17

Parts of fungi

Answer 17

Mycelium
Hypha

Question 18

One phase only

Answer 18

Monomorphic fungi

Question 19

Capable of two phases

Answer 19

Dimorphic fungi

Question 20

Infective to man

Answer 20

Mycelial or mold at 25 to 30 degrees

Question 21

Tissue or invasive phase

Answer 21

Yeast at 37 degrees

Question 22

REMINDERRRR‼️‼️‼️‼️

MOLD IN THE COLD ❄️❄️
YEAST IN THE HEAT🔥🔥

Answer 22

Mold- 25 to 39
Yeast- 37

Question 23

Phases of mycology

Answer 23

Mold
Yeast

Question 24

multicellular; flufty, cottony: woolly, or powdery mycelial mass, grows at 25°C

Answer 24

Mold

Question 25

unicellular; moist, creamy, opaque or pasty, resembling bacterial colony, grows from 35°C to 37°C

Answer 25

Yeast

Question 26

Yeast Reproduce asexually thru formation of

Answer 26

Blastoconidia (budding)

Question 27

Yeast Reproduce sexually thru formation of

Answer 27

Ascospores and basidiospores

Question 28

Sexual fungi reproduction

Answer 28

Perfect fungi Basidiospores Ascospores CLEISTOTHECIUM Oospores Zygospores

Question 29

fungi that exhibit sexual phase

Answer 29

Perfect fungi

Question 30

contained in a saclike ASCUS

Answer 30

Ascospores

Question 31

large, round, multicellular structure that surrounds the asci until it ruptures, releasing ascospores

Answer 31

Cleistothecium

Question 32

contained in a club-shaped BASIDIUM

Answer 32

Basidiospores

Question 33

fusion of cells from two separate, nonidentical hyphae

Answer 33

Oospores

Question 34

Fusion of two identical cells arising from the same hypha

Answer 34

Zygospores

Question 35

Asexual fungi reproduction

Answer 35

Imperfect fungi Sporangiospores Conidia

Question 36

Do not exhibit sexual phase

Answer 36

Imperfect fungi

Question 37

asexual spores contained in sporangia (sacs) and produced terminally on sporangiophores or aseptate hyphae

Answer 37

Sporangiospore

Question 38

UNIQUE TO THE ZYGOMYCETES

Answer 38

Sporangiospores

Question 39

asexual spores produced either singly or multiply in long chains or clusters by specialized vegetative hyphae (conidiophores)

Answer 39

Conidia

Question 40

secondary segments of the conidiophores which produce conidia

Answer 40

Phialides

Question 41

Two types of conidia

Answer 41

Macroconidia Microconidia

Question 42

Macroconidia characteristics

Answer 42

large, usually septate Club, oval, or spindle shaped Thick or thin walled Spiny (echinulate) or smooth surface

Question 43

Microconidia

Answer 43

small, unicellular Round, elliptical, or pyriform (pear) shape Sessile microconidia borne directly on hyphae

Question 44

Borne on the end of a short conidiophore

Answer 44

Pedenculate microconidia

Question 45

Develop as daughter cell buds off the mother cell and is pinched off

Answer 45

Blastoconidia /Blastospores

Question 46

Thick-walled, resistant, resting spores produced by "rounding up" and enlargement of the terminal hyphal cells

Answer 46

Chlamydioconidia/ Chlamydospores

Question 47

Chlamydioconidia/ Chlamydospores Germinate into a new organism when favorable environmental conditions exist

Answer 47

Terminal Sissile Intercalary

Question 48

Blastoconidia of yeasts (including Candida) may elongate to form

Answer 48

Pseudohyphae

Question 49

Simple fragmentation of the mycelium at the septum into rectangular-, cylinder-, or cask-shaped spores

Answer 49

Arthroconidia /Arthrospores

Question 50

Thick walled spores which may be adjacent or alternate in arrangement

Answer 50

Arthroconidia /Arthrospores

Question 51

Arthroconidia/Arthrospores useful for identification of

Answer 51

Coccidioides immitis and Geotrichum candidum

Question 52

barrel-shaped arthroconidia alternating with empty disjunctor cells

Answer 52

Coccidioides immitis

Question 53

forms hockey stick shaped arthroconidia on cornmeal agar

Answer 53

Geotrichum candidium

Question 54

Useful identification characterstic of Coccidioides immitis and Geotrichum candidium

Answer 54

Arthroconidia/Arthrospores