Part 1

Question 1

sudden illness

Answer 1

a physical condition that requires medical attention (HA, severe allergic rxn, etc.)

Question 2

injury

Answer 2

damage to the body from an external force (broken bone from fall)

Question 3

life-threatening emergencies

Answer 3

illness or injury that impairs a victim’s ability to circulate oxygenated blood to all parts of the body

Question 4

non life-threatening emergencies

Answer 4

a situation that doesn’t have an immediate impact on a victim’s ability to circulate oxygenated blood, but still requires medical attention

Question 5

EMS

Answer 5

a network of community resources and medical personnel that provides emergency care to victims of life-threatening injury or sudden illness

Question 6

recognizing that an emergency exists

Answer 6

unusual noises, sights, odors, appearance or behavior

Question 7

describe your role in an emergency situation

Answer 7

recognising an emergency exists
deciding to act
taking action by calling 911 or the local emergency number
giving care until medical help arrives

Question 8

5 common barriers to action that may prevent people from responding to emergencies.

Answer 8

presence of bystanders
uncertainty about victim
nature of injury or illness
fear of disease transmission
fear of not knowing what to do or doing something wrong
being unsure of when to call 911

Question 9

what should you put in an emergency kit?

Answer 9

important information about your and family in a handy place
medical insurance up to date
does your community have 911?
teach children how to call when they are old enough
keep emergency numbers listed in handy place
keep first aid kit readily available

Question 10

barriers of action

Answer 10

reasons for not acting or for hesitating to act in an emergency situation

Question 11

citizen responder

Answer 11

a layperson who recognizes an emergency and decides to act

Question 12

emergency

Answer 12

a situation requiring immeidate action

Question 13

EMS personnel

Answer 13

trained and equipped community-based personnel who provide emergency care for ill or injured victims and who are often dispatched through a local mergency number

Question 14

EMS system

Answer 14

nnetwork of community resources and medical personnel that provides emergency care to victims injury or sudden illness

Question 15

EMT

Answer 15

person who has successfully completed a state approved emergency medical technician training program

Question 16

first aid

Answer 16

immeidate care given to a victim of injury or sudden illness until more advanced care can be obtained

Question 17

first responder

Answer 17

a person trained iin emergency care that may be called on to givesuch care as a routine part of their job

Question 18

good samaritan laws

Answer 18

laws that protect people who willingly give first aid without accepting anything in return

Question 19

3 emergency action steps

Answer 19

check the scene and victim
call 911 or local emergency number
care for the victim

Question 20

when to call 911 or emergency number

Answer 20

victim is unconscious or altered levels of consciousness
trouble breathing
chest discomfort
bleeding severely
pressure/pain in abdomen
vomiting blood/passing blood
seizure more than 5 min/more than 1 seizure
seizure and is pregnant or diabetic
fails to regain consciousness after seizure
severe headache, slurred speech
poisoned
injury to head, neck ro back
severe burn

Question 21

situations to call EMS for

Answer 21

fire/explosion
presence of poisonous gas
downed electrical wires
swiftly moving or rapidly rising water
motor vehicle collisions
victims who cannot be moved easily

Question 22

EMS callers will ask

Answer 22

exact address or location and name of city or town
phone number and address from which call is made
caller’s name
what happened
number of people involved
condition of victims
care being given
do NOT hang up until caller says so
if you have a bystander call for you, give them info needed and have them report back to you

Question 23

care for the victim

Answer 23

care for life threatening victims first
watch for changes in level of consciousness and breathing
help victim rest comfortably, keep from gettig chilled or overheated
reassure victim

Question 24

4 conditions considered life threatening in an emergency situation

Answer 24

unconscious
trouble breathing
no signs of life and, for children and infants, no pulse
severe bleeding

Question 25

when should you call first?

Answer 25

unconsciousness older than 12 witnessed sudden collapse of child or infant unconscious child or infant with heart problems

Question 26

when should you care first?

Answer 26

unconsciousness younger than 12 | drowning

Question 27

list 4 conditions that must be present for disease transmissions to occur

Answer 27

pathogen present enough of the pathogen present to cause disease pathogen pases through the correct entry site person is susceptible to pathogen

Question 28

identify 2 ways in whcih a pathogen can enter the body

Answer 28

direct contact transmission | indirect contact transmission

Question 29

direct contact transmission

Answer 29

occurs when infect blood or body fluids from one person ener another person's body at a correct entry site

Question 30

indirect contact transmission

Answer 30

occurs when a person touches objects that hae the blood or body fluid of an infected person and that infected blood or body fluid enters the body through a correct entry site

Question 31

- Describe how to minimize the risk of disease transmission when giving care in a situation that involved invisible blood

Answer 31

o Wash the exposed area as quickly as possible. Notify professional on the scene that you have been exposed. Seek medical attention

Question 32

o Consent

Answer 32

permission to give care, given by the victim to the rescuer |  Tell victim who you are, your level of training, the care you would like to give

Question 33

o Implied consent-

Answer 33

legal concept that assumes a person would consent to receive emergency care if he or she were physically able to do so

Question 34

- Describe the purpose of Good Samaritan laws

Answer 34

o To protect those who respond to emergency care to an ill or injured person without expecting anything in return o To encourage people to help others in emergency situations

Question 35

- List 6 situations in which moving a victim is necessary

Answer 35

``` o Fire o Presence of toxic gas o Risk of drowning o Risk of explosion o A collapsing structure o Uncontrollable traffic hazards ```

Question 36

- List 5 limitations you should be aware of before you attempt to move someone

Answer 36

``` o Dangerous conditions at the scene o The size of your victim o Your physical ability o Whether others can help you o The victim’s condition ```

Question 37

- Guidelines for moving a victim

Answer 37

o Only attempt to move a person you are sure you can comfortably handle o Bend your body at the knees and hips o Lift with legs, not back o When possible, move forward rather than backward o Walk carefully, use short steps o Always look where you are going o Support victims head, neck and back if necessary o Avoid bending or twisting victim with a possible head, neck or back injury

Question 38

o Walking assist

Answer 38

place victim’s arm across your shoulders and hold it in place with one hand. Support victim with other hand around the waist. The second rescuer (if present) supports the victim in the same way on other side. Do NOT do it the victim has a head, neck or back injury.

Question 39

o Pack-strap carry

Answer 39

position self with your back to the victim, back straight, knees bend, so your shoulders fit victim’s armpits. Cross victim’s arms in front of you and grasp the wrists. Lean forward slightly and pull the victim up and onto your back

Question 40

o Two-person seat carry-

Answer 40

requires a second responder. One arm behind victim’s thighs and other across the victim’s back. Interlock your arms with those of the second rescuer behind the victim’s legs and across the victim’s back.

Question 41

o Clothes drag-

Answer 41

grab victim’s clothing behind neck, gathering enough to secure a firm grip. Pull victim to safety

Question 42

- Demonstrate how to remove disposable gloves

Answer 42

o Pinch the glove at the wrist, being careful to touch only glove’s outer surface o Pull glove toward the fingertips without completely removing it o Glove is now partly inside out o With your partially gloved hand, pinch the outside surface of the second glove o Pull the second glove toward the fingertips until it is inside out and then remove it completely o Grasp both gloves with your free hand o Touch only the clean interior surface of the glove o After removing both gloves, discard gloves in appropriate container, wash your hands thoroughly

Question 43

- How to correctly wash hands

Answer 43

``` o Wet hands with water o Apply liquid soap to your hands o Rub hands vigorously for at least 15 seconds o Rinse hands with water o Dry hands with paper towel o Turn off faucet with paper towel ```

Question 44

- Personal protective equipment-

Answer 44

equipment that helps keep you from directly contracting infected materials

Question 45

- If a blood spill occurs

Answer 45

clean up the spill immediately or as soon as possible after the spill occurs o Use disposable gloves and other personal protective equipment when cleaning up spills o Wipe up the spill with paper towels or other absorbent materials o After the area has been wiped, flood area with a solution of 1 ½ c liquid chlorine bleach to 1 gallon of fresh water. Let stand for at least 10 minutes o Dispose of the contaminated material used to clean up the spill in a labeled biohazard container