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The Not Broken Chemistry > Part 1? > Flashcards

Part 1? Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

What is the octet rule?

A

The octet rule is a rule in chemical science that says atoms like to have full out shells of 8 valence electron

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2
Q

Atoms that have more protons than electrons are called…

A

Cations

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3
Q

What is an ionic compound?

A

Ionic compounds are compounds that transfer electrons from a metal to a nonmetal atom

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4
Q

In Bohr Rutherford diagrams, the second shell holds _ electrons, and the third shell holds _

A

8, 18

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5
Q

When naming ionic compounds, the suffix of each non metal will change to…

A

“ide”

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6
Q

If an ionic compounds involves a transition metal, the chemical name must include…

A

Roman numerals to indicate charge

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7
Q

Mono, Di, Tetra, and Penta are…

A

The proper prefizes used for molecular compounds

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8
Q

To the naked eye, all ionic compounds appear as…

A

Crystals

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9
Q

ClO3

A

Chlorate - A polyatomic ion with a charge of -1 `

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10
Q

BO3

A

Borate - Polyatomic ion with charge of -3

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11
Q

CO3

A

Carbonate - Plyatomic ion with charge of -2

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12
Q

ClO2

A

Chlorite -1 charge

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13
Q

CrO4

A

Chromate -2 charge

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14
Q

CN

A

Cyanide -1 charge

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15
Q

HCO3

A

Bicarbonate OR Hydrogen Carbonate -1 charge

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16
Q

Hydrogen Sulfate

A

HSO4 -1 charge

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17
Q

HS

A

Hydrogen Sulfide -1 charge

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18
Q

HSO3

A

Hydrogen Sulfite -1 charge

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19
Q

Hydroxide

A

OH -1 charge

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20
Q

ClO

A

Hypochlorite -1 charge

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21
Q

IO3

A

Iodate -1 charge

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22
Q

NO3

A

Nitrate -1 charge

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23
Q

NO2

A

Nitrite -2 charge

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24
Q

Orthosilicate

A

SiO4 -4 charge

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25
H2O2
Peroxide -2 charge
26
Periodate
IO4 -1 charge
27
Ammonia
NH3 neutral charge
28
NH4
Ammonium +1 charge
29
Sulfate
SO4 -2 charge
30
Sulfite
SO3 -2 charge
31
PO4
Phosphate -3 charge
32
Li
Lithium +1 charge
33
Na
Sodium +1 charge
34
Potassium
K +1 charge
35
Aluminum
Al +3 charge
36
Fe
Iron 2, 3 charge
37
Silver
Ag +1 charge
38
Calcium
Ca +2 charge
39
Phosphorous
P -3 charge
40
Cr
Chromium 2, 3 charge
41
Co
Cobalt 2, 3 charge
42
Oxygen
O +2 charge
43
Iodine
I -1 charge
44
Nitrogen
N -3 charge
45
Pb
Lead 2, 4 charge
46
C
A carbon ion can have a charge of anywhere from -4 to +4, depending on if it loses or gains electrons.
47
How does synthesis differ from single replacement?
Synthesis refers to the combination of two substances to form a new one
48
How does decomposition differ from double displacement?
Decomposition is the breaking down of a substance into the more basic building blocks, whereas double displacement refers to the switching of chemical bonds
49
What are the 7 diatomic atoms?
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Flourine, Oxygen, Iodine, Chlorine, Bromine
50
Metal carbonate breaks down with heat (Thermal Decomposition) into
A metal oxide and carbon dioxide
51
Carbon dioxide will always be the decomposition of
A carbonate
52
Metal Hydroxides decompose with heat to from
A metal oxide and water
53
Li + H2O =
H2 + LiOH
54
NaOH + H2
Na + H2O
55
When chlorate decomposes, it breaks down into
A metal chloride and O2
56
What is HCl's chemical name?
Hydrochloric Acid
57
Neutralization is a special kind of double displacement reaction. An example is HCl + NaOH =
H2O + NaCl
58
Combustion only ever occurs when a hydrocarbon like propane reacts with oxygen gas to create
Carbon dioxide and water
59
When solid mercury (III) oxide decomposes from heat, it becomes...
Hg + O2
60
Which are the 5 chemical reactions?
Synthesis , Single Replacement, Decomposition, Double Displacement, Combustion
61
Enthalpy is...
Enthalpy is the increase or decrease of energy in a chemical bond/reaction
62
The most unstable chemical bonds are always...
The ones with the highest energy
63
An exothermic reaction describes a reaction...
In which most of the energy is dissapated into the environment through either light or heat
64
Exothermic reactions are found most often because
They take less energy to occur
65
Endothermic reactions are...
That have more energy in their final stage than their beginning stage
66
An example of a endothermic reaction is...
baking a cake, where applying heat energy changes the chemical composition of the cake. Applying heat incites a chemical reaction
67
Methane
CH4
68
Octane
C8H18
69
C3H8
Propane
70
C4H10
Butane
71
A precipitate is just an
Insoluble solid formed by a chemical reaction

The Not Broken Chemistry (1 decks)

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