Part 1 - Peacemaking

Question 1

What year did the winning countries meet to discuss the consequences for the Germans?

Answer 1

1919

Question 2

How many countries met at the Paris Peace Conference?

Answer 2

32

Question 3

Who were the BIG 3?

Answer 3

• Georges Clemenceau
• David Lloyd George
• Woodrow Wilson

Question 4

What were the aims of George Clemenceau?

Answer 4

1) He wanted to cripple Germany.
2) He wanted to rid Germany of their army.
3) He wanted to have French control of the Rhineland.
4) Huge reparations.

Question 5

What were the aims of David Lloyd George?

Answer 5

1) He wanted to gain the German colonies.
2) To reduce the German navy.

However Lloyd George didn’t want to be too harsh on Germany out of fear they would seek revenge in the future.

Question 6

What were the aims of Woodrow Wilson?

Answer 6

1) He wanted a future where everyone was treated fairly.
2) To create the League of Nations.

Like Lloyd George, Wilson didn’t want to treat Germany too harshly because:
1) No fighting took place on American land so the US wasn’t really effected.
2) He didn’t want Germany to seek revenge.

Question 7

What was the list of Wilson’s wishes?

Answer 7

Wilson’s Fourteen Points.

Question 8

When was the Treaty of Versailles agreed?

Answer 8

On 28th of June 1919

Question 9

What are the separate parts of the TofV?

Answer 9

T - territory
R - reparations
A - armed forces
W - war guilt
L - league of nations

Question 10

What terms are there about territory?

Answer 10

1) Germany’s colonies in Africa were given to the League of Nations, as mandates.
2)Germany was split as the Polish Corridor was given to Poland so that they could have access to sea trade.
3) Danzig - a port - was taken from Germany
4) The Saarland - a resource rich area - was given to the LofN for 15 years.
5) Germany lost about 13% of its land.
6) 6 million people who had called themselves Germans were now displaced.

Question 11

What are the terms about reparations?

Answer 11

Article 232 - blamed Germany for the war. The finally reparation total was 6.6 billion.

Question 12

What were the terms about the armed forces?

Answer 12

• Navy limited to 15,000 men and 6 battleships.
• Rhineland was demilitarised.
• Anschluss with banned
• No tanks, submarines or air force.
• Army limited to 100,000
• Conscription was banned

Question 13

What were the terms about were about war guilt?

Answer 13

Article 231 - Germany and allies had to take full responsibility for starting the war.

Question 14

What were the terms about the League of Nations?

Answer 14

The League of Nations was formed but Germany was not allowed to join.

Question 15

How did Germany react to the TofV?

Answer 15

Germany felt angry and embarrassed about the treaty.

Question 16

What word did the Germans use to describe the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 16

diktat

Question 17

Who from Germany signed the TofV?

Answer 17

The November Criminals

Question 18

How satisfied was Britain with the TofV?

Answer 18

The general feeling in Britain is that the treaty was fair (but could’ve been harsher).

Lloyd George still felt it was too harsh.

Question 19

How did France feel about the TofV?

Answer 19

There were elements that the French were happy with (Rhineland, reparations, Saarland)

However many people were furious about the Treaty as they didn’t think it reflected how much they’d suffered.

Question 20

How did the USA feel about the TofV?

Answer 20

They felt it was too harsh and the US government didn’t want to get involved in another war.

Question 21

What political changes happened in Germany because of the TofV?

Answer 21

• the Kaiser abdicated to lessen the severity of the TofV.
• the Weimar Government was set up

Question 22

Negative parts of the TofV?

Answer 22

1) Six million German found themselves in a new country.
2) Germany lost 13% of its land.
3) It was too harsh and could lead to another war.
4) Germans felt venerable.
5) The Treaty was a ‘Diktat’
6) Reparations crippled Germany.

Question 23

Which country was affected by the Treaty of St Germain?

Answer 23

Austria

Question 24

Terms of the Treaty of St Germain.

Answer 24

• Austria lost land to Italy
• Land taken to form new countries such as Czechoslovakia and Poland
• 30,000 men in the army
• No conscription
• No Anschluss

Question 25

Which country was affected by the Treaty of Neuilly?

Answer 25

Bulgaria

Question 26

Terms of the Treaty of Neuilly?

Answer 26

• Land taken and given to Yugoslavia, Greece and Romania. HOWEVER Bulgaria DID gain land from Turkey.
• Reparations of £100 million
• Army to be 20,000 men
• No conscription
• No airforce

Question 27

Who was affected by the Treaty of Trianon?

Answer 27

Hungary

Question 28

Terms of the Treaty of Trianon?

Answer 28

• Land given to Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and Austria.
• Reparations meant to be paid but Hungarian economy collapsed.
• Army of 30,000 men
• No conscription

Question 29

Who was affected by the Treaty of Sevres?

Answer 29

Turkey

Question 30

Terms of the Treaty of Sevres?

Answer 30

• Land lost to Greece
• All of European Turkey was taken
• Ottoman Empire was split
• Army of 50,000 men
• Navy: seven small boat
• Open important waterways they controlled to others.

Question 31

Who was affected by the Treaty of Lausanne?

Answer 31

Turkey

Question 32

Terms of the Treaty of Lausanne

Answer 32

Turkey protested against Sevres so under the Treaty of Lausanne:
- land was regained from Greece
- took control of the waterways again
- no restrictions on army