Part 2

Question 1

Physiology is most accurately described as a study of the functions of ______structures.

Answer 1

Body

Question 2

The largest organ of the body is the______.

Answer 2

Skin

Question 3

_________ of the skin include hair, nails, sweat and oil glands.

Answer 3

Appendages

Question 4

_________ removes and depletes lipids.

Answer 4

Exfoliation

Question 5

The skin protects against outside elements and ________.

Answer 5

Microorganisms

Question 6

The barrier function of the skin includes the ________.

Answer 6

Acid mantle.

Question 7

The average pH of the acid mantle is____.

Answer 7

5.5

Question 8

______ stands for transepidermal water loss.

Answer 8

TEWL

Question 9

The interstellar cement between epidermal cells is made up of_______.

Answer 9

Lipids

Question 10

The immune cells that mature in the thymus gland and attack virus-infected cells, foreign cells and cancer cells are the_____.

Answer 10

T-cells

Question 11

Sensory nerve fibers are most abundant in the _______.

Answer 11

Fingertips

Question 12

The average body’s internal thermostat is set at ____ degrees Fahrenheit.

Answer 12

98.6

Question 13

_______ glands excrete perspiration.

Answer 13

Sudoriferous

Question 14

The _______ glands excrete Sebum.

Answer 14

Sebaceous

Question 15

Some states define the esthetician scope of practice as “not beyond the DEJ”, which means that the estheticians are to treat the _____ only.

Answer 15

Epidermis

Question 16

About 95% of the epidermis is made up of ________.

Answer 16

Keratinocytes

Question 17

The clear cells is the most accurate description of the ____________.

Answer 17

Stratum lucidum

Question 18

______ days is the average adult skin turnover rate.

Answer 18

28

Question 19

_______ is the shedding of keratinocytes from the skin.

Answer 19

Desquamation

Question 20

________ cells are fat, scaly cells.

Answer 20

Squamous

Question 21

The stratum lucid is located just below the _________.

Answer 21

Stratum corneum

Question 22

The ______ are the part of the body where skin is the thickest.

Answer 22

Palms

Question 23

Keratin and intercellular lipids are formed in the __________.

Answer 23

Stratum granulosum

Question 24

The stratum germinativum is the layer of skin that contains______.

Answer 24

Melanocytes

Question 25

_______ occurs in the stratum germinativum layer of the skin.

Answer 25

Mitosis

Question 26

Melanocytes is the basal layer produced ______ granules.

Answer 26

Pigment

Question 27

The thickest layer of the skin is called the ______.

Answer 27

Dermis

Question 28

The two layers of the dermis are the ________ and reticular.

Answer 28

Papillary

Question 29

______ is it technical term for a nail.

Answer 29

Onyx

Question 30

It takes 4 to 6 months for a _______ to fully grow out.

Answer 30

Fingernail

Question 31

Stretch marks are caused by ______ elastin fibers

Answer 31

Damaged

Question 32

The primary cause of wrinkles is the damage and loss of _____.

Answer 32

Elastin

Question 33

Subcutis, or ____ tissue, is found below the reticular layer in the dermis.

Answer 33

Adipose

Question 34

Stratum ______ is NOT a layer of the epidermis.

Answer 34

Epithelium

Question 35

If you have _________ you have an inflammation of the follicle.

Answer 35

Folliculitis

Question 36

_______ nerve simulate the arrestor pili muscles.

Answer 36

Motor

Question 37

Differences in genetic skin color are due to the amount of ______ activated in the skin.

Answer 37

Melanin

Question 38

Products that suppress melanin production by interrupting biochemical processes are referred to as ______________.

Answer 38

Tyrosinase inhibitors

Question 39

Apocrine glands are most active during ______changes.

Answer 39

Emotional

Question 40

_____ need protection, nourishment, and ability to function in order to survive.

Answer 40

Cells

Question 41

Alpha hydroxy acid stimulate _______.

Answer 41

Cell turnover

Question 42

UV rays have the greatest _____ effect on the skin.

Answer 42

Aging

Question 43

_______ are known as burning ray because they cause burning, tanning, aging, and cancer.

Answer 43

UBV

Question 44

Approximately 80 to 85% of aging is caused by __________.

Answer 44

Sun exposure

Question 45

As _____depletes, skin begins to lose its tone.

Answer 45

Estrogen

Question 46

The main function of_______ nerve fibers is to regulate excretion from the sweat glands and control sebum output.

Answer 46

Secretory

Question 47

________ are made up of neurons that form a network of pathways for conducting information.

Answer 47

Nerves

Question 48

Nerve fibers send messages to the _______ nervous system and brain to react to heat and cold.

Answer 48

Central

Question 49

________ glands are not considered to sweat glands by some medical authorities because their openings connect to oil glands instead of pore openings.

Answer 49

Apocrine

Question 50

The ______ system controls the excretion of sweat.

Answer 50

Nervous

Question 51

The _______ glance secrete oil and the _______ glands secrete sweat.

Answer 51

Sebaceous | Sudoriferous

Question 52

The loss of access fluid may lead to __________ in the body.

Answer 52

Dehydration

Question 53

Nerves are cord like bundles of fibers made up of ______ throughout which sensory stimuli pass.

Answer 53

Neurons

Question 54

The greatest sebaceous glands are found on the _______.

Answer 54

Face

Question 55

Free radicals take electrons from compounds in the body. However________ is not considered an antioxidant.

Answer 55

Collagen

Question 56

Glycation, and intrinsic part of the age process is caused by a rise in the_________.

Answer 56

Blood sugar

Question 57

Estheticians can suggest hormone replacement therapy to a client experiencing ______ to balance their estrogen level.

Answer 57

Menopause