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Infection Control > Part 2 > Flashcards

Part 2 Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

What are the disinfection procedures?

A

Select proper PPE
Select, prepare, and use chemical agents following the manufacturer’s instructions
Prepare surfaces for disinfection
Disinfect room after treating patient

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2
Q

Where need to be disinfected after a patient is in that room?

A

Treatment room, darkroom and or radiographic room and processing areas, instrument processing area, all associated equipment

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3
Q

Define disinfection

A

The partial elimination of active growth stage bacteria and inactivation of some viruses. The potential for infections remains after disinfection including TB, Hep A and B

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4
Q

Define sterilization

A

A process by which all forms of life within a defined enviroment are destroyed

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5
Q

What is the CDC recommendation on selecting PPE for disinfection procedures?

A

Wear the complete ensemble: gloves, mask, eyewear, and gown
Use puncture resistant utility gloves
Select and prepare chemical disinfectant
Use based on manufacturer’s instructions

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6
Q

When using bleach …

A

It must be mixed daily

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7
Q
A
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8
Q

Should chemical sterilant be used on surface?

A

No

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9
Q

When should intermediate level disinfectant be used?

A

When visibly contaminated

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10
Q

What chemicals should be used on surfaces?

A

Chlorine, phenols, and iodophors

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11
Q

What chemical should not be used on surfaces?

A

Glutaraldehyde

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12
Q

What is The Enviromental Protection Agency (EPA)

A

The agency that registers disinfectants in the USA. Disinfectants should have an EPA number on the label

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13
Q

These surfaces are considered “housekeeping” surfaces

A

Floors, walls, sinks

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14
Q

What should be used to clean “housekeeping” surfaces?

A

Soap and water
EPA registered disinfectants

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15
Q

Why should surfaces be cleaned before disinfection?

A

Any debris may protect microorganisms from disinfection

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16
Q

What is the “spray wipe spray” method

A

The disinfectant is sprays on the surface, then wiped off as a cleaning procedure, then sprayed again and left for the contact time listed on label

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17
Q

List Sterilization procedures

A
  1. Select appropriate PPE - complete ensemble plus utility gloves
  2. Prepare dental instruments for sterilization
  3. Apply appropriate method for sterilization of dental instruments and equipment
  4. Level and store all instruments properly
  5. Monitor the effectiveness of sterilization process
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18
Q

How do you prepare instruments for sterilization?

A
  1. Clean all blood or debris form instruments
  2. Use ultrasonic cleaner or instrument washer
  3. If hand scrubbing use long handled brush
  4. Wear puncture resistant utility gloves
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19
Q

If hand scrubbing instruments wear:

A

Utility gloves, eyewear, masks, protective gown

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20
Q

Pro of an instrument washer:

A

Can process a lot of instruments at the same time

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21
Q

Negatives of an instrument washer:

A

Someone will have to load and unload the dish washer

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22
Q

What is an ultrasonic cleaner

A

Uses cavitation (implosion) bubbles, included by high frequency pressure (sound) waves to agitate a liquid, The agitation produces high forces on debris adhering to instruments

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23
Q

What is the advantage of an ultrasonic cleaner?

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A

Cavitation bubbles clean the “nooks and crannies”

24
Q

What is the CDC recommended sterilization methods

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A

Heat sterilize all critical and semi-critical instruments

25
26
How should heat sensitive items (made of plastic) be processed for sterilization?
High-level disinfectant or chemical sterilant
27
What are critical instruments?
Surgical instruments and other invasive devices used to penetrate soft tissue or bone
28
What are some examples of critical instruments?
Scalpels, forceps, scalers, and burs
29
What are semi-critical instruments?
Instruments that do not penetrate soft tissue or bone but contact oral tissue
30
31
How do you label and store instruments properly?
1. Wrap instruments or place in containers designed to maintain sterility (cassettes or trays) 2. Place sterilization date on wraps or containers. 3. Store in covered or closed cabinets 4. Do not store under sink
32
What happens if the sterilizer fails?
Packs can be re-sterilized
33
How do you wrap instruments for sterilization?
Use wrapping that is compatible with the type of sterilization - has ISO certification Before sterilization inspect instruments for cleanliness and then wrap or place them in container designed to maintain sterility
34
What instruments can be unwrapped for sterilization?
Both semi-critical and critical instruments that will be used immediately if they are handled in an aseptic manner and sterility can be maintained
35
How can the effectiveness of the sterilization process be monitored?
Spore test each sterilizer once a week
36
How is a spore test conducted?
Place a biological indicator in the lower front area of the sterilizer within a wrapped set of instruments, send the indicator to the lab to be processed
37
What is a chemical biological indicator?
Use color changes to indicate whether an item has been subjected to the sterilization process
38
What is a mechanical indicator do?
Measure the pressure, temperature, and timing of the sterilization process
39
What are the CDC recommendations for sterilization of handpieces?
Handpicks and other intraoral devices can be removed from the air and waterlines of dental units and cleaned and heat-sterilized between patients You should follow the manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning, lubricating, and sterilizing these devices
40
What is included under the name “handpiece”?
High-speed, low-speed, electric, endodontic, and surgical handpieces as well as handpiece motors, and attachments such as reusable prophylaxis angles, nose cones, and contra-angles
41
What do you do if a hand piece cannot be heat sterilized and does not have a FDA clearance with validated instruction for reprocessing?
Do not use that deceive
42
How should a deceive attached to waterlines be cleaned?
Flushed for 20-30 seconds after each use
43
Should patients closer their lips tightly around the saliva ejector?
No this can cause back flow
44
What are the OSHA and CDC permitted choices in maintaining dental unit disinfection?
1. Use of plastic wrap or impervious paper or aluminum foil to prevent contamination 2. Use of disinfectant to decontaminate the dental unit They do not require both be used
45
What are a few toxic materials in the dental office?
Mercury, nitrous oxide, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, etching acids
46
What are the precautions for mercury
Mercury is a poison Clen up if any is spilled Use precap amalgam capsules to reduce spills
47
Precautions for formaldehyde
Can cause cancer Use in biopsy bottles Keep cap on bottle when not using
48
Precautions for nitrous oxide
Use a scavenging mask Check all fittings before turning on nitrous Have good ventilation in the office
49
Precautions for glutarldehyde
Skin, eye, and respiratory irritant Keep containers with glutaraldehyde covered Do not use as surface disinfectant
50
Precautions for acids
Acids can cause skin and eye burns Use when handling acids
51
What do you do if acid etch gets in the eyes?
Rinse immediately at eye wash station
52
What does OSHA call biohazardous or medical waste?
Regulated waste
53
What are the 3 categories of OSHA regulated waste rules?
1. Sharps 2. Items saturated with blood and saliva 3. Tissues, hard or soft, removed from the patient
54
What does “saturated” mean in regards to regulated medical waste?
Mean item will drip if picked up
55
What is considered biohazardous waste?
Saturated items, and hard or soft tissues
56
What is hard or soft tissue hazardous waste?
Teeth or gingival tissues that are placed in “red bag” or wrapped ster

Infection Control (2 decks)

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