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AP Gov Final Part 1 > Part 2 > Flashcards

Part 2 Flashcards

(101 cards)

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1
Q

Logrolling

A

the exchanging of political favors

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2
Q

Majority Leader

A

partisan ally of the speaker

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3
Q

marginal district

A

the candidate receives less than 55% of the popular vote

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4
Q

Minority Leader

A

The principal leader of the minority party in the house

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5
Q

Open Rule

A

an order from the House Rules Committee that permits a bill to be amended on the floor

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6
Q

Oversight

A

Congress’s monitoring of the bureaucracy and its administration of policy

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7
Q

Party Polarization

A

a vote in which a majority of Democratic legislators oppose a majority of Republican legislatures

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8
Q

Reciprocity

A

the exchanging of favors between members of congress

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9
Q

Rider

A

an addition to a bill

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10
Q

Quorum

A

the minimum number of members who must be present for business to be conducted in Congress

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11
Q

Select Committee

A

Congressional committees appointed for a specific purpose

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12
Q

Seniority System

A

a simple rule for picking committee chairs

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13
Q

Speaker of the House

A

Constitutionally mandated position. Appointed by the majority party in control of Congress

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14
Q

Standing Committee

A

permanent subject matter committees in both the house and the senate that handle bills in different policy areas

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15
Q

Ways and Means Committee

A

powerful standing committee in the house. Any bill that impacts revenue must pass through this house

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16
Q

Whips

A

work with congressional leaders to help facilitate voting and unity among the party

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17
Q

Bill

A

a potential law

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18
Q

Caucus

A

a group of member of Congress from both houses that share similar characteristics or interests

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19
Q

Christmas Tree Bill

A

a bill that has a lot of riders attached to it

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20
Q

Closed rule

A

an order from the House Rules Committee that sets a time limit on debate; forbids a bill from being amended on the floor

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21
Q

Cloture

A

a rule used by the Senate to end a fiibuster

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22
Q

Committee Chairs

A

most important influences of the congressional agenda

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23
Q

Conference Committee

A

Congressional committee formed when the House and Senate pass different versions of the same bill to work out the language so that a single bill is formed

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24
Q

Conservative Coalition

A

an alliance between Republicans and conservative Democrats

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25
Discharge petition
a device by which any member of the House, after a committee has had the bill for thirty days, may petition to have it brought to the floor
26
Filibuster
an attempt to defeat a bill in the Senate by talking a bill to death
27
House Appropriations Committee
all bills must eventually pass through this committee to receive funding
28
House Rules Committee
sets rules for the bill
29
Joint Committee
Congressional committees on a few subject matter areas with membership drawn from both houses
30
Inbcumbent
someone who is already in office who is running for re-election
31
Casework
activities of Congress that helps constituents on an individual basis
32
Pork Barrel
the bringing of governmental projects to a particular district or state
33
Earmark
a modern term for pork barrel--the delineation of specific funds for specific purpose in a particular district or state
34
Apportionment
the process of dividing up the representatives with a state after the census
35
Census
a constitutional mandated procedure that takes place every 10 years that counts the people in the United States for the purpose of fixing Congressional Districts
36
Constituency
the people who the congressmen represents
37
District
the fixed boundary that a Congressman represents
38
Gerrymandering
the process of dividing up representatives by a state legislature to achieve a political advantage
39
Malapportionment
the process of dividing up representatives within a state that unconstitutionally favors one party over the other
40
Midterm election
an election that takes place half way through a president's term in office
41
Single member districts
the type of district that we have in the U.S. only one representative is elected from each district
42
Veto
the constitutional power of the president to reject a bill
43
Regulatory Agency
a government agency responsible for some part of the economy, making and enforcing rules supposedly to protect the public interest
44
Bi-Partisan support
an issue where both parties agree
45
Blanket Primary
voters are presented with a list of candidates from all the parties
46
Campaign
the activities associated with running for elected office
47
Candidate
person running for office
48
Civic Duty
the belief that in order to support democratic government, a citizen should always vote
49
Closed Primary
only people who have registered in advance with the party can vote for that party's candidates
50
Critical Elections
an election when the majority party is displaced by the minority party
51
Cross pressure
voters have conflicting thoughts on elections
52
Direct Election
people vote directly for the candidates and the person who receives the most votes wins
53
Direct Mail
a high-tech method of raising money for a political cause or candidate
54
Electorate
people who are registered and eligible to vote
55
Electioneering
direct group involvement in the election process
56
Electoral College
Constitutionally mandated manner in which we elect the president
57
Elite Power Politics
upper class will rule the aspects of government
58
Exit Polls
polls based on interviews conducted on election day with randomly selected voters
59
Federal Election Commission
a six-member bipartisan agency that administers and enforces campaign finance laws
60
Federal election campaign act
a law passed in 1974 that created the Federal election commission
61
Front Loading
the tendency to hold primaries early in the calendar in order to capitalize on media attention
62
Gender Gap
the difference between men and women on issues
63
General Election
an election held to choose which candidate will hold office
64
Grass Roots Campaign
a local political movement that originates from ordinary people outside of mainstream politics
65
Incumbency
person who is currently in office
66
Indirect election
representative elections
67
Linkage institution
the channels through which people's concerns become political issues on the government's policy agenda
68
Literacy test
tests given in the south to disenfranchise minority voters
69
Majority election
an election where the winner must receive more than 50% to win the election
70
Matching funds
contribution of up to $250 are matched from the Presidential Campaign Fund to candidates for president who agree to various conditions
71
Motor Voter Act
requires states to permit people to register to vote at the same time they apply for a driver's license test
72
National Chairperson
person who is responsible for the day to day activities of the party
73
National Convention
the meeting of party delegates every four years to choose a presidential ticket and write the party's platform
74
National Committee
One of the institutions that keeps the party operating between conventions
75
Nomination
the official endorsement of a candidate for office by a political party
76
Open Primary
elections to select party nominees in which voters can decide on Election day which party they want to vote for
77
Partisan
person who is firmly behind a particular party
78
Party Caucus
a meeting of all state party leaders for selecting delegates to the national party convention
79
Party Dealignment
the gradual disengagement of people and politicians from the parties
80
Random Samples
method of selecting from a population win which each person has an equal probability of being selected
81
Rational Choice Theory
a theory that assumes that individuals always act in their own best interest
82
Sampling error
the level of confidence in the findings of a public opinion poll
83
Straight Ticket Voting
Voting for all of that parties candidates in an election
84
Soft Money
political contributions earmarked to the party and no one in particular. banned in 2002 McCain Feingold Act
85
Suffrage
the legal right to vote
86
Super delegates
national party leaders who automatically get a delegate slot at the Democratic national party convention
87
Swing votes
a voter who has no allegiance to any political party and whose unpredictable decisions can swing the outcome of an election one way or the other
88
Third Party
electoral contenders other than the two major parties
89
Ticket Splitting
voting with one party for one office and with another party for other offices
90
Voter Profile
a mock up of a fictitious voter, useful for campaigning
91
Winner Takes All
an electoral system where whomever receives the most popular votes, receives all of that states electoral college votes
92
527
Independent groups that engage in influence on the election process
93
bully pulpit
President's use of his personality and media to increase his power
94
cabinet
group of presidential advisots
95
delegated powers
those powers that are given to a branch of government
96
divided government
one party controls one branch of government and another controls another branch
97
executive agreement
an agreement entered into by the president that doesn't need senatorial approval
98
lame duck period
the time when a person remains in office after he/she has lost the election
99
line item veto
the ability to veto only a part of a bill
100
OMB
prepares the president's budget
101
pocket veto
a veto taking place when Congress adjourns with 10 days of submitting a bill to president

AP Gov Final Part 1 (4 decks)

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