part 2 ohe lec Flashcards
Found on the head bounded anteriorly by lips; posteriorly by pharynx,
laterally by cheeks, superiorly by palate
ORAL CAVITY
bounded by the lips anteriorly, the cheeks internally and the labial or buccal surfaces of the lower and upper teeth at the posterior.
Oral vestibule
bounded by lingual surfaces of upper and lower teeth
anteriorly and laterally hard and soft palate superiorly and sublingual sulcus
and the tongue inferiorly.
Oral cavity proper
bounded by lingual surfaces of upper and lower teeth
anteriorly and laterally hard and soft palate superiorly and sublingual sulcus
and the tongue inferiorly.
Oral cavity proper
Are structures functionally, associated with the oral cavity.
Para – Oral Tissues
The 6 different para oral structures are
a. Lips
b. Cheeks
c. Hard and soft palate
d. Sublingual sulcus
e. Tongue
f. Tonsils
g. Salivary grands
h. Teeth and the supporting structures
he largest organ in the mouth located in the floor of the cavity.
Tongue
three parts of the tongue
Tip (apex)
Body (Corpus)
Base (root)
are numerous fine, pointed, cone-shaped or cub- shaped structure about 2.5mm long
consisting of core of connective tissue.
Filiform papilla
are mushroom-shaped or round reddish prominences about 1.5mm long with dome-
shaped top and narrow base processing one or more taste buds
Fungiform papillae
are narrow mucosal folds bilaterally located along the posterior
border of the body about 4 to 8 in number and bear taste buds. These are well-
developed at birth and becomes atrophied in matured individua
Foliate papillae
are the largest papilla at about 1mm or more the
height is 2.5mm or more in width and 8-10 in numbers arranged in V-shape manner
vallate (circumvallate) papillae
shaped intraepithelial organs for taste perception
about 80 microris in height and 40 microns in width. T
Taste Buds
(gustatory cells , neuro-epithelial cells) are slender columnar dark staining cells
(hyperchromatic) and elongated nuclei,4 to 20 in number per bud and possess stiff hair like
processes (taste hair) projecting from free surface into the taste pore.
Taste cells
(supporting cells). These are the outer cells arranged like staves
of barrel with ovoid or round hypo chromatic nuclei.
Sustentacular cells
The lingual muscles are
intrinsic (within the tongue and has different directional paths)
- Vertical (peripheral edge or lateral margin)
- Transverse (from lingual septum)
- Longitudinal (located above and below the transverse muscles*
- Superior longitudinal (dorsal)
- Inferior Longitudinal (ventral)
4 Extrinsic muscles
- Styloglossus
- Hyoglossus
- Genioglossus
- Palatoglossus
the blood supply of the tongue comes from the lingual artery
Vascular Supply
which has the following branches
a. Dorsal Lingual (base of the tongue)
b. Sublingual artery (lingual sulcus)
c. Deep lingual artery (ventral surface body and tip)
tongue has plenty of lymphatic supply. The drainage of the
apex is received by submental nodes to the submandibular or
deep cervical nodes. The lymph from the body of the tongue
drains into the submandibular nodes and from the base,
lymph flows to the deep cervical nodes
Lymphatic Supply
two nerve supply of the tongue are the lingual nerve which
innervates the apex and the body of the tongue and the
glossopharyngeal nerve which innervates the base or
posterior third of the tongue. The tongue epithelium has three
types of nerve endings.
Nerve supply
Are masses of lymphoid tissue with the primary function of producing
lymphocytes and has a role in immunization.
Tonsils
ovoid bilateral structures situated in the pharyngeal folds
about 1 by ½ inch.
Two palatine or faucial tonsils
are found at the base of the tongue posterior to the vallate papillae.
There are about 35-90 lymphoid units that make up the lingual tonsils
Lingual tonsils
